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(每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld题型总结及解题方法
单选题
1、There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them.
A.differenceB.amusementC.expressionD.description
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。故选A项。
2、You’d better not ask for the reason ________ he was absent for the meeting.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.because
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你最好不要问他缺席会议的原因。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“reason”,在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词“why”引导从句。故选A项。
3、Can you tell me how many athletes will ________ in the Olympic Games?
A.tapB.competeC.carveD.graduate
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能告诉我将会有多少运动员参加奥运会吗?A. tap 轻敲;B. compete参加比赛;C. carve 雕刻;D. graduate获得学位。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是动词作从句谓语,需要“参加比赛”的意思,在情态动词will后面,要用动词原形。故选B。
4、To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death.
A.thatB.whatC.whereD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:老实说,我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知,“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词job,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示“在这份工作中”,应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。
5、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
6、We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before.
A.in whichB.to whichC.whatD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知,paid a visit to……为固定短语,意为“参观某地”,句中先行词为place,在从句中作paid a visit to的宾语,故用which,to which在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选B项。
7、Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A.attitudeB.meansC.pointD.sight
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同,但毫无疑问,西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude 态度;B. means方法;C. point 观点;D. sight 视野,视力。短语attitude towards 表示“对……的态度”符合句意。故选A项。
8、Gillian Sandstorm, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent ______people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.
A.whichB.whatC.to whichD.in which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstorm调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词extent通常和介词to搭配,to the extent“……的程度,到……的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词extent在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用which。故选C。
小提示:
9、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
10、In the new TOFEL test, there are questions ________ test takers ________ read, listen and then speak into a microphone.
A.which … mustB.which … need
C.where … must `D.where … need
答案:C
考查定语从句和情态动词。句意:在新的托福考试中,有一些问题,考生必须阅读、倾听,然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知,第一空考查定语从句,先行词为questions,在从句中作状语,所以应选where;第二空考查情态动词,need作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中,肯定句中,need为实义动词,所以第二空应选must。故选C项。
11、It is in this very town, __________Tom was born 40 years ago, __________he will build a new school, __________excites everyone in the town.
A.that; that; whichB.that; where; thatC.where; that; whichD.where; when; that
答案:C
考查强调句和定语从句。句意:正是在这个40年前汤姆出生的小镇上,他将建造一所新学校,这使镇上的每个人都感到兴奋。第一空引导定语从句,先行词是town,从句缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where引导;第二空与前文“It is in this very town”构成强调句,强调地点状语“in this very town”,应用that;第三空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是school,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故选C项。
12、The longer the war lasts, the ________ the people there will suffer.
A.manyB.muchC.moreD.most
答案:C
考查固定句型。句意:战争持续得越久,那里的人民就越受苦。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”是固定句型。分析选项可知,只有C项符合。故选C项。
13、Newcomers can visit the school website ________ they can have a vivid description of the after-class activities.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:新人可以访问学校的网站,在那里他们可以对课外活动有一个生动的描述。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词等于关系词,修饰先行词the school website,先行词从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选A。
14、More and more people are learning English,____ has drawn much attention of the public.
A.the importanceB.the important
C.the importance of whichD.the importance of it
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:越来越多的人学英语,学习英语的重要性已经引起大众的注意。分析句子可知是定语从句,先行词为前面的先行词,作of的宾语,关系代词为which。故选C项。
15、The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; becauseB.that; thatC.why; becauseD.why; that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
16、He led us to the farm ________ he spent his childhood.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.how
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他把我们带到他度过童年的农场。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“farm”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用副词“where”引导从句。故选B项。
17、Mike is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where he ______ English for a year.
A.studiesB.had studiedC.has been studyingD.studied
答案:C
考查时态。句意:Mike正在阳光学校的课上记关于语法的笔记,他已经在阳光学校上了一年学了。根据for a year可知,此处应用完成时,且此处表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且还有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时,故选C。
18、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
19、The doctor _______my sister is talking has just come from England.
A.with whomB.with whoC.with whichD.that
答案:A
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是The doctor,指人,在从句中作talk with的宾语,with可以提到关系代词的前面,即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选A项。
20、Regulations _____ that students attend at least 90% of the lectures.
A.demandB.askC.requireD.request
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:规定要求学生至少参加90%的课程。A. demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思;B. ask 一般用的比较多,比较通俗,语气也较客气;C. require表示“要求所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”;D. request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求。根据句意以及主语Regulations可知,是指“规章制度对学生的要求”。故选C项。
21、He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
22、When he saw a little boy ______ in the river, he took off his jacket and jumped into the water.
A.strugglesB.strugglingC.to struggleD.struggle
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到一个小男孩在河里挣扎时,他脱下夹克跳进了水里。see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”,宾补doing表示动作在进行;see sb. do sth.则意为“看见某人做了某事”,宾补不带to不定式表示动作已完成。根据下文“他脱夹克跳进水里”说明动作在进行,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选B项。
23、Usually, there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。
24、The ________ boy hasn’t turned up for several day, but one day he was caught ________ in the street.
A.missed, to begB.missed, begging
C.missing, beggingD.missing, begged
答案:C
考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩已经好几天没出现了,但有一天他在街上乞讨时被发现了。形容词missing“失踪的”,此处作定语修饰名词boy;第二空应用非谓语动词作主语补足语,逻辑主语he和beg之间是主动关系,且表动作正在进行,应用现在分词。故选C。
25、Newspapers, magazines and TV interviews are important means ________ we highlight the importance of conserving the environment.
A.of whichB.by whichC.in whichD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:报纸、杂志和电视采访是我们强调保护环境重要性的重要手段。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“means”,指物,“by means of…”意为“通过……的方法”,故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句,应用关系代词“which”代指“means”,作介词“by”的宾语,故空格处应填“by which”。故选B项。
26、When I said some students were so lazy, I _______ to you.
A.don’t referB.wasn’t referringC.didn’t referD.hasn’t referred
答案:B
考查动词时态。句意:当我说有些学生懒惰的时候,我不是在说你。结合前后文语境可知,指过去的某一个时间点正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,主语为I,谓语动词应用was。故选B。
27、The U. S. and Russia have clashed over Russia’s ongoing military invasion of Ukraine, but space remains one area ______ the two historic rivals still work together.
A.whereB.in whereC.thatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突,但是太空依旧是这两个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“______ the two historic rivals still work together.”是限定性定语从句,修饰先行词area(领域),且从句缺少地点状语in the area,应用关系副词where来引导,故选A。
28、There are many reasons _______ people learn a foreign language.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导。故选A。
29、The man ________ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.
A.whoB.from whomC.to whoD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth. from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词from+关系代词whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选B项。
30、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
完成句子
31、京剧距今已有200多年的历史,起源于18世纪。
Peking Opera, which has over 200 years of history, ________ the 18th century.
答案:dates back to/from
考查时态。表示“起源于”应用动词短语date back to/from,结合“has”可知,主句使用一般现在时,主语为Peking Opera,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to/from。
32、斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places ________ all those who died ________ ________.
答案: where had lived
考查定语从句、动词和时态。对比中英文句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰名词places,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where;表示“居住”应用live,该词为where引导的定语从句的谓语动词,动作发生在“去世”之前,应用过去完成时。故填where;had;live。
小提示:
33、尽管生病了,怀特先生还是来参加了毕业典礼。
__________ illness, Mr White attended the graduation ceremony.
答案:Despite/In spite of
考查介词(短语)。根据句意和句子结构,此处需要表示“尽管”的介词(短语)与空后的名词illness构成介宾短语,故填Despite/In spite of。
34、她向我们准确地形容过那房子。
She ________of the house.
答案:gave us an accurate description
考查时态和固定短语。give sb. a description of向某人描述,表示“准确”可以用形容词accurate修饰名词description,accurate以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an修饰。句子陈述过去事情,用一般过去时,give使用过去式gave。故填gave us an accurate description。
35、上周,学校强烈要求家长进校时带口罩。(demand + that从句)
Last week, schools ________________________ when they visited school.
答案:demanded that parents (should) wear masks
考查虚拟语气。表达“强烈要求”应用demand;that引导宾语从句,从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用(should)do;表示“家长”应用parents;表示“带口罩”应用wear masks,此处使用(should)wear masks;根据时间状语“last week”可知,要用一般过去时。故填demanded that parents (should) wear masks。
36、他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。
______________/______________ ______________/______________ ______________ ______________danger, he climbed the high tower.
答案: Despite Regardless of In spite of
考查介词(短语)。根据汉语意思,“不顾”可以用despite、regardless of或in spite of表示。故填Despite、Regardless of和In spite of。
37、这是中国被期望在很多全球事务上发挥更大作用的时期。(time)
________ China is expected to play a larger role in many global affairs.
答案:This is a time when
考查固定句型。固定句型this is a time when…意为“这是一个……的时期”,也是一个定语从句结构,先行词是time,关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。故填This is a time when。
38、这个小镇让我想起我长大的那个地方。(一般现在时; remind; 定语从句)
________________ I grew up.
答案:This small town reminds me of the place where
考查时态,动词短语,名词,主谓一致和定语从句。根据中英文提示,空格处缺少“这个小镇让我想起……那个地方”,主句时态一般现在时,主语this small town“这个小镇”,谓语remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,宾语用人称代词宾格me“我”,介词of后接宾语place“地方”,特指“我长大的地方”用定冠词修饰,“I grew up”是定语从句,修饰the place,从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故填This small town reminds me of the place where。
39、如今,大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来。然而,布里亚-萨瓦兰实际上指的是我们的个性、品格及文化。
Most people today ________. However, Brillat- Savarin ________ our personality, character, and culture.
答案: relate this saying to healthy eating was actually referring to
考查短语和时态。第一空涉及固定短语relate A to B,把A和B联系起来,this saying这条谚语,healthy eating健康饮食,陈述的是客观情况,用一般现在时;第二空涉及固定短语refer to,指的是,语境表明陈述的是过去正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,且该时态带有一定的感情色彩,起到强调作用,副词actually 作状语,故填relate this saying to healthy eating和was actually referring to。
40、你们需要坚持不懈,努力去训练自己的头脑,培养自身的性格。
You need to make a continuous ________ to train your mind and ________ your ________.
答案: effort develop character
考查名词和动词。结合句意表示“坚持不懈”应用名词effort,作宾语;表示“培养自身性格”短语为develop your character,为不定式作目的状语。故填①effort;②develop ;③character。
语法填空
41、This is an old building ________ (date) back to the 14th century. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:dating
考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一座可以追溯到14世纪的古老建筑。 date back to 固定短语,意为:追溯到,句子的谓语是is,故空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式,此处是主动表被动含义,故用现在分词,作伴随状语。故填dating。
42、Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the _________ (various) of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:variety
考查名词。句意:事实上,我们大多数人都在逐渐缩小我们生活的多样性。我们在自己的专业领域取得成功,然后又被困在其中。空格处用名词作宾语,various的名词是variety,在句中意为“多样化”,是不可数名词,故填variety。
43、The expert suggested that the problem which was referred ________ at the meeting should be paid close attention to. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查动词短语。句意:这个专家建议会议上提出的这个问题应该得到密切关注。refer to提到;谈及。故填refer to。
44、The dictionary is__________ of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published. (用适当的词填空)
答案:out
考查固定短语。句意:这本词典已经过时:自出版以来,语言已经添加了许多单词。短语out of date,意为“过时”,根据句意和语境,故填out。
45、The boy built a telescope ___________ ____________he could study the skies. (用适当的词填空)
答案: through which
考查定语从句。句意:这个男孩造了一台望远镜,通过它他可以研究天空。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句修饰先行词telescope,表示“通过”应用介词through,作介词的宾语,指物,应用which引导。故填①through;②which。
46、People can have more chances to find jobs________(relate) to tourism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:related##relating
考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意:人们可以有更多机会找到与旅游业相关的工作。分析句子结构,此处作定语,动词relate与前面名词jobs构成主动关系,用现在分词relating; be related to是固定搭配,意为“与……有关”,related是形容词,可以在句中作定语,修饰jobs。故填related或relating。
47、The Voice of China has set up a stage________ some people can realize their dreams. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:《中国好声音》为一些人搭建了一个可以实现梦想的舞台。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,空格处单词引导从句,先行词为“stage”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
48、All the neighbours admire this family _________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:邻居们都很欣赏这家人,他们的父母把孩子当朋友看待。定语从句修饰先行词family,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
49、Give me one good reason ________I should help you. (用适当的词填空)
答案:why
考查定语从句。句意:给我一个帮助你的好理由。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰reason,关系词指代reason,从句中作原因状语,用关系副词why。故填why。
50、The English play ________ which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词和定语从句。句意:我的学生在新年晚会上表演的英语话剧非常成功。分析句子结构,________ which my students acted at the New Year’s party在句中作定语,修饰先行词The English play。短语act in表示“扮演……,在……方面行动”。将先行词放入从句中,应为my students acted in the English play。所以空格处填入in,in which引导限制性定语从句。故答案为in。
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