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(名师选题)2023年人教版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit基础知识点归纳总结
单选题
1、I’ve been trying to read this book all day, but somehow I cannot ________ to it properly.
A.give inB.settle downC.look forwardD.live up
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我一整天一直都在尽力读这本书,但不知怎么的,我不能完全专心致志于它。A. give in迁就;B. settle down专心致志于;C. look forward盼望;D. live up不辜负。以上四个动词短语都与句中介词to构成固定短语,根据句意可知,要用动词短语settle down to(专心致志于)在句中作谓语,符合句意。故选B项。
2、“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is“________”.
A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+PD.S+V+DO+OC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:这消息使我感到非常高兴。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构,the news是主语S;makes是谓语V;me是宾语DC;feel very happy是宾语补足语OC。故选D。
3、Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge.句子的 主语 是:
A.junior high schoolB.senior high school
C.a big challengeD.Going from junior high school to senior high school
答案:D
考查句子分析。句意:从初中到高中真的是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子可知,句子的主语是动名词短语Going from junior high school to senior high school,句子是主系表句型,a big challenge为表语。故选D项。
4、Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区). It’s the ________ that he can make on people.
A.passionB.impressionC.impactD.career
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意。普鲁伊特的课程教授团队合作,这可以改善社区的关系。这是他能对人们产生的影响。A. passion热情、激情;B. impression印象;C. impact影响;D. career职业、事业。根据前面的“Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区).”可知,Pruitt的课程教授团队协作,这可以改善社区的关系,给人们带来影响。make an impact on为固定搭配,表示“对……产生影响”。故选C项。
5、The ________ look on his face suggested that he was scared of the ________ sharks.
A.frightened; frighteningB.frightening; frightening
C.frightened; frightenedD.frightening; frightened
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他脸上惊恐的表情表明他害怕那些可怕的鲨鱼。根据句意可知,第一个空表示“他害怕的表情”,修饰人时,常使用-ed结尾形容词,所以第一空填入frightened(感到害怕的);第二个空表示“可怕的鲨鱼”,修饰物,常使用-ing结尾形容词,所以第二个空填入frightening(可怕的)。故选A。
6、You can get a general ________ of our school.
A.impressiveB.impressionC.impressD.impressed
答案:B
考查名词和词性。句意:你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的;B.impression印象;C.impress使留下深刻印象;D.impressed印象深刻的。general是形容词,修饰名词,空格处是名词impression,意为“印象”,前面有冠词a,空格处用单数,故选B。
7、Born in the USA, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada. 句子中的谓语动词是________。
A.BornB.beganC.WhitacreD.studying
答案:B
考查句子成分。句意:出生在美国,惠特克内华达大学开始学习音乐。分析句子结构可知,句中Whitacre为主语,began为谓语动词,studying music 为宾语, at the University of Nevada.为地点状语,Born in the USA为过去分词作状语。故选B。
8、He likes dancing very much.该句子结构为
A.SVB.SVOC.SV IO DOD.SVOC
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:他非常喜欢跳舞。此处主语为he;谓语动词为likes;名词dancing作宾语;very much表示“非常”,修饰动词,作状语。故句子结构为“主谓宾”,缩写为SVO,故选B。
9、It’s a_________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
A.convenientB.cheerfulC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎爆发期间,建造方舱医院来接收病人是一个有创造性的想法。A. convenient方便的;B. cheerful令人愉快的;C. creative有创造性的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意可知,在新冠肺炎爆发期间,建造方舱医院来接收病人应该是一个有创造性的想法,“creative”意为“有创造性的”,形容词词性,在句中作定语。故选C项。
10、He noticed a man enter the room.
A.SVOOB.SOAC.SVAD.SVOC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:他注意到一个人进了房间。句中主语为He,谓语动词为noticed,宾语为a man,enter the room为宾语补足语。所以本句为主谓宾补结构。故选D。
11、You are not to take photos in the museum without ______.
A.occasionB.contributionC.impressionD.permission
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:未经允许,你不能在博物馆里拍照。A. occasion场合;B. contribution贡献:C. impression印象;D. permission同意,许可。根据句意,此处考查介词短语without permission,意为“未经许可”,作状语。故选D项。
12、I didn’t feel ________ at all when ________ myself at the beginning of this school year.
A.confident, introducingB.confidently, introducing
C.confident, introducedD.confidently, introduced
答案:A
考查形容词和状语从句的省略。句意:这学年开始我介绍自己的时候,我一点都不自信。根据句子结构可知,第一个空要用形容词做表语,表示主语的状态,所以第一个空填confident;第二个空考查“when”引导的时间状语从句的省略:当主从句主语一致,并且从句谓语有be动词时,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。根据意思可知,introduce这个动作是主句主语“I”主动发出的动作,所以完整的句子应该是“when I was introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,省略了从句的主语和be动词之后,就是“when introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,所以第二个空填introducing。故选A。
13、The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.划线部分是________
A.定语从句B.宾语从句C.表语从句D.状语从句
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:事实是宽街抽水机里的水被废物污染了。本句中主语为The truth,谓语动词为be动词was,后接从句为表语从句。连接词为that。故选C。
14、The resolution will be significant for the nation to seize the period of strategic________as it faces the most complicated external environments.
A.organizationB.oppositionC.opportunityD.occupation
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:该决议对于我国在最复杂的外部环境下抓住战略机遇期具有重要意义。A. organization组织;B. opposition反对;C. opportunity机会;D. occupation职业。根据句意可知,这里表示“抓住战略机遇期”,故选C。
15、The programme ________ for children under 7 turned out to be a failure.
A.designingB.intendedC.workedD.meaning
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:那个针对七岁以下儿童的项目结果失败了。A. designing设计;B. intended打算;C. worked工作;D. meaning意味着。根据后文“for children under 7”指针对七岁以下儿童的项目,应用过去分词intended作定语。be intended for“专为......准备”。故选B。
16、Afternoon tea, ________ as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.
A.to designB.designingC.designedD.having designed
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:下午茶的历史可以追溯到19世纪40年代,是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语date back to,所以空白处为非谓语。动词design和所修饰的名词短语Afternoon tea之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,由逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故选C项。
17、①Mum ②encouraged ③me ④to try different kinds of food.
①②③④分别代表不同的句子成分,请选择分析正确的一项
A.主语、谓语、宾语、宾语B.主语、谓语、宾语、补语
C.主语、谓语、表语、状语D.主语、谓语、宾语、状语
答案:B
考查句子成分。句意:妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物。分析句子可知,名词Mum“妈妈”在句中作主语,表示动作的发出者;动词encouraged“鼓励”在句中作谓语,表示主语发出的动作;代词的宾格me“我”在句中作宾语,表示动作的承受者;不定式短语to try different kinds of food“尝试不同种类的食物” 在句中作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的动作。①②③④分别是主语、谓语、宾语、补语。故选B项。
18、I think you should go back to your _______ plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
A.epicB.originalC.awkwardD.fictional
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我认为你应该转回到你原来的计划,要比现在计划实际得多。A. epic史诗的,壮丽的;B. original最初的;C. awkward局促不安的,令人尴尬的;D. fictional虚构的,小说(中)的。根据句意可知,此处意为“最初的计划”,表达为the original plan,故选B。
19、Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order . 句子中的谓语动词是______.
A.tiredB.knowingC.hadD.order
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:我们又累又饿,又不会说中文,根本不知道怎么点餐。句子主语是I,谓语动词是had,宾语是no idea,构成主谓宾结构。Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese为状语成分。故选C。
20、—How long did David work here?
—For half of a year, but he didn’t leave much __________ on us.
A.expressionB.instructionC.conclusionD.impression
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:——大卫在这里工作了多久?——四年半,但他没有给我们留下太深的印象。A. expression表情、表达;B. instruction指示、说明;C. conclusion结论;D. impression印象。leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”,结合前文leave和后文介词on可知,符合题意。故选D项。
21、When entering the office, ____.
A.Roger was found sitting at a deskB.we found Roger seated at a desk
C.Roger was found sat at a deskD.it was we who found Roger seat at a desk
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:当我们进入办公室时,发现罗杰坐在一张桌子旁。分析句子和句意可知,本句为状语从句的省略,主从句的主语都为we,还原后为:When we were entering the office,we found Roger seated at a desk。故选B项。
小提示:
22、The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Gansu.” is ________.
A.S+V+OB.S+V+P
C.S+V +IO+ DOD.S+V +DO+ OC
答案:A
考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,I是主语,enjoy是谓语,“living in Gansu”是动名词短语作宾语,因此句子结构是主谓宾结构,即S+V+O。故选A。
23、It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of the Covid-19.
A.cheerfulB.classicalC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,建造方舱医院来接收患者是一个有创意的想法。A. cheerful欢快的;B. classical经典的;C. creative有创意的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意及常识可知,建造方舱医院是我们国家的一个有创意的想法。故选C。
24、He cannot concentrate________ the reading due to the________ scream outside the library.
A.on; annoyingB.on; annoyedC.to; annoyingD.to; annoyed
答案:A
考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意:由于图书馆外面恼人的尖叫声,他无法集中精力读书。第一空为短语concentrate on表示“集中于”;第二空修饰scream应用-ing结尾形容词annoying,annoyed常用于修饰人,表示“生气的”不符合语境。故选A。
25、—Tom, you seem to be overjoyed.
—______? I have just received the offer of Sydney University.
A.Guess whatB.What forC.What ifD.So what
答案:A
考查交际用语。句意:——汤姆,你看起来很高兴。——你猜怎么着?我刚刚收到悉尼大学的录取通知书。A. Guess what你猜怎么着;B. What for为什么;C. What if假使……将会怎么样;D. So what那又怎样。根据语境可知,汤姆很高兴,取得了意想不到的结果,Guess what(你猜怎么着)符合题意。故选A。
26、He listened carefully as if he could ________ his mother’s footsteps from the crowd.
A.determineB.reactC.exploreD.distinguish
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他仔细听着,好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine决定;B.react作出反应;C.explore探索;D.distinguish分辨。由“his mother’s footsteps from the crowd”可知,句子表示“他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”,空格处意为“分辨”。故选D。
27、He waited________ for spring.
A.anxiouslyB.anxiousC.anxietyD.anxieties
答案:A
考查副词。句意:他焦急地等待春天的到来。A. anxiously副词,焦急地;B. anxious形容词,焦急的;C. anxiety名词,焦虑;D. anxieties名词(anxiety的复数)担心;害怕。修饰动词wait应用副词anxiously,作状语。故选A。
28、The machine must be out of order.
The structure of the sentence is ______.
A.主+谓+宾B.主+谓+间宾+直宾
C.主+系+表D.主+谓+宾+宾补
答案:C
考查基本句型。句意:这部机器一定是坏了。分析句子结构,the machine是主语,must be为情态动词+系动词,out of order位于系动词后面,是表语。由此可知,这个句子是“主+系+表”结构。故填C。
29、It is considered that digital TV is________ to satellite TV because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures.
A.betterB.superiorC.seniorD.junior
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有人分析说,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势。A. better更好的;B. superior优质的;C. senior年长的;D. junior职位较低的。由“because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures”可知,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势,superior to意为“优于;比……优越”。故选B。
30、________ honesty, I know a lot of people who don’t pay bus fares.
A.Concentrating onB.Speaking ofC.Leading toD.Living up to
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:谈到诚实,我知道许多人乘公车不买票。 A. Concentrating on集中于;B. Speaking of谈到;C. Leading to导致;D. Living up to不辜负。根据句意可知,设空处表达了“谈到”的含义,所以要选B项。故选B项。
完成句子
31、万一这孩子出了什么事怎么办?
____ ____anything should happen to the child?
答案: What if
考查固定短语。结合汉语意思“万一……怎么办”可知短语为what if,句首单词首字母要大写。故填①What;②if。
32、她总是试图通过穿新衣给人留下印象。
She’s always trying to ____ ____ _____on people with her new clothes.
答案: make an impression
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定短语make an impression on sb.“给某人留下印象”,空前为短语try to do sth.“试图做某事”,应使用动词原形。故填①make;②an;③impression。
33、I________________________________.
我发现大多数同学和老师都很友好并乐于助人。
答案:found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
考查短语、时态和动词用法。most of 大多数。根据句意,句中用find的复合结构为“find+宾语(sb./sth.)+宾补(形容词)”。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
34、每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
Every morning we can hear him ________ ________ ________.
答案: read English loudly
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“大声朗读英语”短语为read English loudly,作宾补,hear somebody do听到某人做某事的全过程。故填read English loudly。
35、新的一年即将来临,因此到了我回顾过去的日子并制订计划、不断进步的时候了。
________, so it is time for me to look back on the past days and make plans to improve myself.
答案:The new year is around the corner
考查固定短语和时态。英汉对比可知英文句子中缺少“新的一年即将来临”,可以使用主系表结构,结合后文中的is可知句子时态是一般现在时,主语是The new year,系动词使用is,固定搭配 around the corner“即将来临”作表语。故填The new year is around the corner。
36、我性格并不外向,所以现在感觉有点焦虑。
I’m not ________ so I’m a little ________ right now.
答案: outgoing anxious
考查形容词。根据汉语提示可知,第一空的内容为“外向的”,作表语,用形容词outgoing;第二空含义为“焦虑的”,作表语,用形容词anxious,故填①outgoing②anxious。
37、我们终于找到你了,我真是太高兴了!
I’m so glad that we’ve found you ____ ____!
答案: at last
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定短语at last“最后,终于”。故填①at;②last。
38、如果明天下雨怎么办?我们要推迟野餐吗?
_____ _____ _____ _____ tomorrow? Shall we put the picnic off?
答案: What if it rains
考查固定句式和时态。“如果……怎么办”可翻译为what if,置于句首时首字母要大写,即What if;What if用于提出假设时,常用一般现在时;“下雨”译为it rains。故答案为What;if;it;rains。
39、I often go to ______________ the gym as my after-class activities.
课外活动时,我通常要么去英语角,要么去体育馆。
答案:either the English Corner or
考查短语。要么......要么......应用either...or... 英语角应为English corner,故填either the English Corner or。
40、望早日回信。
I’m ________________________ you soon.
答案:looking forward to hearing from
考查固定短语和时态。Look forward to ...期望……,其中的to是介词,后接动名词作宾语 ;hear from sb意思为“收到某人的来信”。根据句中的“I’m”可知用的是现在进行时,look 要用现在分词形式,故填looking forward to hearing from。
。
语法填空
41、Either you or one of your students ______(be)to attend the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is
考查主谓一致。句意:要么你,要么你的一个学生来参加这次会议。短语either...or..(要么...要么...)使用就近原则,因此谓语与one of yourstudents保持一直。故填is。
42、The visitors here ________ (impress) by the fact that people are working hard for new Jiangsu. (用单词的适当形式填空)
答案:are impressed
考查固定短语和时态。句意:游客们对人们为新江苏而努力印象深刻。根据句意可知,此处是固定短语be impressed by“对......印象深刻”,该词是主句谓语动词,结合语境和下文的are working可知,此处陈述现在发生的事情,应用一般现在时,主语visitors是复数,be动词用are。故填are impressed。
43、For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China, one of their strong______(impress) is that the country is very safe. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impressions
考查名词的数。句意:对许多去过中国或在中国工作过的外国人来说,他们强烈的印象之一是中国非常安全。空格前是形容词strong,形容词修饰名词,所以空格处要填名词,impress的名词形式是impression。由提示词one of可知,名词要用复数形式。故填impressions。
44、Is there any chance___________(succeed), Jerry? (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to succeed
考查不定式。句意:杰瑞,有成功的机会吗?分析句子可知,设空处应使用不定式作定语修饰名词chance,故填to succeed。
45、The tiger looked ________, but Lily wasn’t ________.(frighten)(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案: frightening frightened
考查形容词。句意:老虎看起来很吓人,但莉莉并不害怕。第一空的主语The tiger指物,应用形容词frightening“可怕的,令人恐惧的”作表语,第二空的主语Lily指人,应用形容词frightened“害怕的,受惊的”作表语,故填①frightening②frightened。
46、He was expected to concentrate ______ his studies and make something of himself.(用适当的词填空)
答案: on
考查介词,句意:人们期望他集中精力学习,出人头地。短语:concentrate on“专心致志于……”,故填on。
47、Where can I exchange my dollars ________ pounds? (用适当的词填空)
答案:for
考查介词。句意:我在哪里可以把美元兑换成英镑?exchange A for B“把A换成B”为固定短语。故填for。
48、My dad and I are both looking forward to ________ (go) to the Beijing history museum. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:going
考查非谓语动词。句意:我爸爸和我都期待着去北京历史博物馆。look forward to “期待”,to为介词,所以后面接动名词作宾语。故填going。
49、Every athlete is _____________(compete) for his/her country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:competing
考查动词。句意:每个运动员都在为自己的国家比赛。compete“比赛”为动词,根据空格前的助动词is可知,此处需要用现在分词competing与之一起构成现在进行时。故填competing。
50、We are __________ (confidence) that next year’s profits will be higher. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:confident
考查形容词。句意:我们相信明年的利润会更高。根据空前的We are可知应填形容词confident作表语,意为“充满信心的”。故填confident。
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