现代大学英语精度3第二版unit13预习.doc

Unit 13 The Needs That Drive Us All
1.Glossary
2.Key words:
relate/possible/likely/preserve/reserve/conserve/except/except for/human/humane
3.Phrases,idims and expressions
a counterforce to power by far along the way
evolve from simple to complex be associated with in conflict with
be built into the genetic structure in direct proportion to be destructive to
on one’s own branch out want sb around too much
4.Collocations
fulfill our biology destiny preserve the power plan one’s escape
satisfy the needs preach the virtues of humanity seek revenge
5.Grammar
1)some uses of as
2)more patterns of comparison
6.Word formation:
1) verb—noun
2) noun—verb
7.Back ground information
1) the author
2)Martin Luther King
3) some information about The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
8.Text structure and the main idea of this passage
9.Preview questions about the text.
1) What is the author trying to tell his readers? How would you summarize his ideas?
2) Has the author discussed all human needs in this essay? What specific human needs does he focus on? What is his prupose in singling out these particular needs?
3) Is he trying to address the problem of how different people can define power differently, acquire power in different ways, and use power for fifferent purposes? In other words, is he trying to discuss the moral implication of these human desires?
4) Has the author said anything that you find thought-provoking?
5) would you say that the author is simply talking common sense?
6) would it be fair to say that the author is actually trying to justify human weakness?
7) Can you think of a few questions you would like to raise in class discussion?
10.Writing Devices
comparison
11. Sentence Paraphrase
1) All living creatures are driven by the basic need to stay alive and reproduce so that the species will continue. (para. 1)
2) I italicize the need for power because, unlike the other four needs that are shared to some extent by many higher animals, the way we continually struggle for power in every aspect of our lives seems uniquely human. (para. 1)
3) Simple survival needs like hunger, thirst, and sexual desire are relatively clear-cut, and we quickly learn what particular disconfort is attached to the denial of these basic needs. (para. 3)
4) Even politicians try to appear humble, emphasizing how much they wish to serve and how little they want to tell us what to do. (para.3)
5) While it is easy to understand that people who strive for power may become dominat and have a better chance to survive, most of us have difficulty accepting that this need is written in our genes. (para. 6)
6) That their teaching have been largely accpeted when what they advocate is so obviously self-serving is a tribute to how effective they have been in getting their message across. (para. 6)
7) Rather than go over what seems so obviuous, just ask yourself one question: who do you know is so completely satisfied with his life that he can go a week without complaining that someone has gotten in the way of what he wanted to do?
8) You can decide for yourself whether power is used more for good than for evil, but simply as a gentic need it has no morality. (para.9)