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20xx年人教版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters(四十)
1
单选题
1、Andrew is a brilliant student, ________ is sure to succeed in whatever career he chooses.
A.and whoB.oneC.and oneD.one who
答案:D
考查同位语及定语从句。句意:Andrew是一个聪明的学生,无论他选择什么职业,他都一定会成功。根据句子结构可知,此句是非限制性定语从句。用one作Andrew的同位语,引导词指代one和Andrew,且在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句,故选D。
2、Lack of mutual________not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also________your relationships and your self-esteem.
A.comment … differB.respect … damage
C.benefit … destroyD.expectation … decorate
答案:B
考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意:缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作,还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment“评论”,differ“有区别,有分歧”;respect“尊敬”,damage“损害;伤害”;benefit“益处;好处”,destroy“毁坏”;expectation“期待”,decorate“装饰”。根据句意,相互不尊重会妨碍工作,也会损害人际关系和自尊。故选B。
小提示:
3、I live next door to a couple________ children often make a lot of noise.
A.whyB.whoseC.thatD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常很吵闹。此处为定语从句修饰先行词couple,先行词在从句中作定语,用关系代词whose。故选B。
4、The nurse will be ______ when needed, so it’s unnecessary to worry about the patient.
A.in the open airB.on handC.in shockD.now and then
答案:B
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:需要时护士会在旁边,所以不必担心病人。A. in the open air在户外;B. on hand在场,在旁边;C. in shock处于震惊之中;D. now and then时而,有时。根据句意可知,不必担心病人,因为如果病人有需要,护士会在旁边,“on hand”意为“在跟前,在旁边”,符合句意。故选B项。
5、The only thing________can be done is to stop them from going there.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:唯一能做的就是阻止他们去那里。分析句子结构,________can be done是一个定语从句,修饰先行词The only thing,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,当先行词被the only修饰时,用that不用which,故选A。
6、It seems ________ nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work.
A.as ifB.even ifC.in caseD.if
答案:A
考查连接词。句意:似乎没有什么能阻止她继续这项工作。A.as if 好像;B.even if即使;C. in case假使;D. if如果。It seem as if ...“看起来好像...,似乎...”,as if引导表语从句。故选A。
7、People ________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum.
A.WhoB.whichC.whomD.whose
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:有兴趣探索艺术与科学之间关系的人将参观新加坡艺术科学博物馆。分析句子可知,people为先行词,作定语从句interest的定语,关系代词为whose。故选D项。
8、With much heat __________ from the sun, the panels __________ it into energy __________the building.
A.capturing; dominate; poweredB.capturing; convert; powered
C.captured; dominate; poweringD.captured; convert; powering
答案:D
考查过去分词、现在分词和固定搭配。句意:利用从太阳捕获的大量热量,电池板将其转化为能源,为建筑提供动力。分析句子可知,第一空作宾补,表示与宾语heat之间的被动关系,所以应填其过去分词形式captured;第二空填谓语动词,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,convert...into...为固定搭配,表示“将......转换为......”,符合语境,dominate“统治,支配”,不合语境;第三空填现在分词powering作后置定语,表示“提供动力”,修饰名词energy,表示与其逻辑主语energy之间的主动关系。故选D项。
9、That is the famous university _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:那是我和朋友去年暑假参观的著名大学。此处是定语从句,先行词等于关系词,先行词是the famous university,指物,在从句中做宾语,因先行词在主句中作表语,只能用关系代词that。故选C项。
10、The novel published last month, ________ author was a 15-year-old girl, is a best-seller.
A.whichB.whoC.whenD.whose
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:这本小说上个月出版,作者是一个15岁的女孩,是一本畅销书。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少定语,修饰先行词the novel。故选D。
11、We should do all ________ is useful to people.
A.whoB.thatC.itD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我们应该做一切对人们有帮助的事。A. who谁;B. that那个,引导从句;C. it它;D. which哪个。根据句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是all,排除D。引导词用that,在从句中作主语。故选B。
12、As a respected zoological institution, SeaWorld not only ________, rehabilitates and returns to nature hundreds of wild animals every year but also generously ________ conservation and scientific research.
A.rescues … focuses onB.rescues … funds
C.releases … focuses onD.releases … funds
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个受人尊敬的动物学机构,海洋世界不仅每年拯救、治疗数百种野生动物,让它们回归自然,而且还慷慨资助动物保护和科学研究。rescue搭救,解救;release释放,解放;focus on集中精力于;fund资助。分析句子可知,第一空“解救,治疗和放回自然”符合逻辑顺序,因此填rescue;第二空,根据空前generously可知,此空填拨款,资助。故选B项。
13、It’s such a difficult problem _______ nobody can work out.
A.asB.thatC.whichD.so that
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:这是一个没人可以算出来的困难问题。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句关系词,先行词为problem,被such修饰,且在从句中充当宾语,应用关系代词as,故选A项。
小提示:本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步:找出先行词;分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:
1 .找出先行词:problem
2 .分析先行词在从句中充当的成分:先行词problem在从句_______ nobody can work out.中充当宾语,应用关系代词
3 .考虑特殊情况:先行词被such修饰,关系代词只能用as
故选A项。
14、During the pandemic, all patients and their families, without ________, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital.
A.permissionB.effortC.exceptionD.access
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在疾病大流行期间,所有患者及其家属,无一例外,在进入医院前都必须携带身份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可;B. effort努力;C. exception例外;D. access通道。根据句意和句中“all patients and their families”可知,句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外,“exception”意为“例外”,名词词性,“without exception”意为“无一例外”。故选C项。
15、The boy is always found______in reading books.
A.to buryB.buryingC.buriedD.buries
答案:C
考查过去分词作主语补足语。句意:男孩总是被发现埋头读书。be buried in是“埋头于”,find sb done“发现某人被”的被动是:sb be found done,过去分词作主语补足语。故选C。
16、Some regional and international passenger flights remain ________ until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus.
A.crashedB.conductedC.suspendedD.sustained
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,直到另行通知。A. crashed撞车;B. conducted实施;C. suspended暂停;D. sustained维持。根据后文“until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus”可知指由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,应用suspend。故选C。
17、We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south.
A.whoseB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句,先行词为a classroom,关系词在从句中充当定语成分,表示the classroom's,应用whose。故选A项。
18、I can never understand the reason _______ he explained to me.
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我不明白他向我解释的原因。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句关系词,先行词reason在从句中充当explain的宾语,应用关系代词which/that,故选B项。
小提示:本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步:找出先行词;分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:
1 .找出先行词:reason
2 .分析先行词在从句中充当的成分:先行词reason在从句_______ he explained to me中充当宾语,应用关系代词which/that
3 .考虑特殊情况:无
故选B项。
19、Recycling can reduce carbon emissions,________ producing new products from recycled objects generally saves energy.
A.becauseB.as ifC.althoughD.in case
答案:A
考查连词辨析。句意:回收能减少碳排放,因为使用回收的材料生产新产品通常来说会节约能源。A. because 因为;B.as if 好像; C. although尽管;D.in case以防。由语意可知,后面一个分句是前面分句的原因,用回收的材料生产新产品节约能源是减少碳排放的原因。故选A项。
20、Try to avoid such things ________will do you harm, unless you don't care about the rumors from all directions.
A.thatB.asC.whichD.as that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:除非你不在乎四面八方的谣言,否则尽量避免那些对你有害的事情。在定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词things被such修饰,所以应用关系代词as。故选B。
完成句子
21、第二天,人们用他们能找到的任何东西在户外搭起了避难棚。
The next day, people put up shelters ______ ______ ______ ______ using anything they could find.
答案: in the open air
考查短语。在户外应用“in the open air”在句中作状语,故填①in ②the ③open ④air。
22、看起来好像我们队要赢得比赛了。
It looks ________ our team is going to win the game.
答案:as if
考查连词。as if表示好像,位于系动词look后,引导表语从句。故填as if。
23、房产泡沫是一种经济形势,这种形势发生在房价上升得太快的时候。
A housing bubble is an economic situation________ ________when house prices rise much too fast.
答案: which/that occurs
考查定语从句。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,指代的是前文的“房产泡沫是一种经济形势”这一客观事实,从句应该使用一般现在时。同时,引导词在从句中作主语,可以使用that或者which;根据汉语提示,表示“发生”应该用occur。故答案为①which/that ②occurs。
24、多年以后,他在乡下过着平静的生活,似乎灾难从未发生过。
After many years, he lived a calm life in the country__________ .
答案:as if the disaster had never happened
考查状语从句和虚拟语气。分析原句可知,“似乎灾难从未发生过”是方式状语从句,可用连词as if引导,结合句意,“似乎灾难从未发生过”是对过去事实的假设,应用虚拟语气,谓语动词用过去完成时;“灾难”是主语,用the disaster表示,“从未发生”是谓语,用had never happened。故填as if the disaster had never happened。
25、他在事故中幸免于难。
He was lucky enough to________.
答案:survive the accident
考查动词原形。根据句子结构,此处考查固定搭配“be+形容词+enough+to do sth”,根据句意和汉语提示,设空处缺“在事故中免于难”,可表达为动词短语survive the accident,survive为及物动词,此处用动词原形。故填survive the accident。
26、这次地震死亡的人数还在增长。
________________ deaths from the earthquake is still increasing.
答案:The number of
考查固定短语。根据汉语可知,需要翻译“……的人数”用the number of,在句中修饰名词deaths。位于句首,首字母大写。故填The number of。
27、听众被深深地打动了,掌声经久不息。(affect)(一句多译)
(1)The audience ________________, and they warmly applauded for a long time.
(2)________________, the audience warmly applauded for a long time. (去分词做状语)
(3)The audience, ________________, warmly applauded for a long time. (语从句)
答案: were deeply affected Deeply affected who were deeply affected
1 .考查时态和语态。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为deeply;“被打动”可以翻译为be affected;根据and后面的句子用过去时,空格处也应该用过去时。故填were deeply affected。
2 .考查分词作状语。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为deeply;“打动”可以用动词affect表示;因为句子主语the audience和动词affect之间是被动关系,所以应该用affect的过去分词形式作状语。故填Deeply affected。
3 .考查定语从句。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为deeply;“被打动”可以翻译为be affected;分析句子可知,空格处是一个非限制性定语从句,对先行词the audience限定说明,所以需要用一个关系代词,代替先行词the audience在从句中做主语,此处应该用who;根据主句的时态是一般过去时,定语从句的时态也应该是一般过去时。故填who were deeply affected。
28、发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
The earthquake________ ________ _________ __________ ________ ________shocked the people all over the world.
答案: that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976
考查限制性定语从句、动词及其时态。根据句子结构,设空处以及句意分析可知设空处为定语从句修饰句子的主语The earthquake,“发生”为不及物动词happen,The earthquake是定语从句的先行词,所以应该用that或which引导,在从句中做主语。根据所给提示地震发生在1976年可知从句是一般过去时。故填that happened inTangshan in 1976或者which happened inTangshan in 1976。
29、仿佛到了世界末日。
It seemed________ the world were coming to an end.
答案:as if
考查连词。对比中英文句子,表达“仿佛”可用as if,此处引导表语从句。故填as if。
小提示:
30、这些激素对心脏和血流也有积极的影响。
These hormones also________ ________ ________ ________ ________the heart and the blood flow.
答案: have a positive effect on/upon
考查固定短语和形容词。have an effect on/upon ...对......有影响,在句中作谓语;表示“积极的”应为形容词positive。叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为these hormones,结合主谓一致。故填have a positive effect on/upon。
语法填空
31、Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information_________ you need to know. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that
考查定语从句。句意:只有当你问许多不同的问题时,你才能知道你需要知道的所有信息。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词information前有all修饰,关系代词只能用that。故填that。
32、Our life is becoming better and better while in some countries there are still some people___________(suffer)from hunger. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:suffering
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们的生活变得越来越好了,然而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受着饥饿。分析句子可知,此处应用动词非谓语形式作定语,空处与逻辑主语people之间是主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语,故应用suffering。故填suffering。
33、Thirty miners are still trapped ________ the mine following yesterday’s explosion. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:自昨天爆炸以来,仍有三十名矿工被困于矿井中。短语be trapped in“陷入……困境,被困在……”符合句意。故填in。
34、________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:Affected
考查过去分词。句意:受一场重病的影响,他不能再清楚地说话,他知道没有康复的希望了。分析句子成分可知,设空处应填非谓语动词做原因状语。affect是及物动词,意为:影响,与主语he是逻辑被动关系,且该动作已经完成,故应用过去分词形式。故填Affected。
35、I stood by the door, not ________ (dare) to say a word. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:daring
考查非谓语动词。句意:我站在门口一句话也不敢说。句中有谓语动词stood by且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词形式,dare意为“敢于”,动词词性,“dare to do sth.”意为“敢于做某事”,句子主语I与dare为逻辑上的主动关系,故应用dare的现在分词daring,在句中作状语,句中daring前加not表示否定。故填daring。
36、When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as __________ it is missing something. (用适当的词填空)
答案:if##though
考查表语从句。句意:当脂肪和盐从食物中去除时,食物尝起来就好像(它)缺少了什么。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用连接词as if/ though,意为“好像”,跟在系动词taste之后,引导表语从句。故填if或though。
37、The suggestion ________ he came up with is practical. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that##which##不填
考查定语从句。句意:他提出的建议很实际。“_________ he came up with”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the suggestion,指物,且从句缺少宾语,应用that或which来引导,此处也可以省略关系代词,故填that/which/不填。
38、What followed was a ________(summarise)of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:summary
考查名词。句意:接下来是对这一天的总结,充满了爱或恨等强烈的感觉。根据句意和空格前的冠词a以及所给动词summarize可知,空格处应该填入可数名词summary的单数形式作表语。故填summary。
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