中考高频词汇、短语及句型.doc

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中考高频词汇、短语辨析
l 情态动词should 、must、can、may的用法
1. 表示能力时用can、could：
a –Can your brother speak Japanese?
–Yes, he has learnt it in Tokyo for three years.
2. 表示可能性：
a. — Is that your best friend Simon? – No, it can’t be him. He flew to Hongkong yesterday.
b. —My house is very near a busy street.  —It can’t be very quiet.
c. I’ m sure it can’t be John., I saw him off at the railway station just twenty minutes ago.
3. 表示委婉的语气时用may
a. —May I borrow your MP4 ,Daniel? —Sure. Here you are.
b. —May I smoke here, please? —I am afraid you can’t . This is a non-smoking area.
c. —Let’s go to the supermarket by taxi. —We needn’t take a taxi.
d. It is not far from here. You have finished most of the work, so you needn’ t start working so early tomorrow
4. 表示“禁止”，语气强烈
a.There is a “No smoking” sign here. You mustn’t smoke.
b.—Must I hand in my homework now? – No, you needn’t, you can hand it in tomorrow.
c.When traffic lights are red，we must stop and wait.
d. Be polite. You mustn't talk to the old like that.
e. — Must I park my car behind the building? — No, you don't have to. You may park it here.
l have gone to/ have been to
1.—The Blacks have gone to the Phoenix Island(凤凰岛). — Oh, really? I have never been there before.
2.—Where is Jim? —He has gone to the computer room.
3.—Is that girl Amy? —No, she’s Allen. Amy has gone to the library with her friend.
4.—I want to return the book to Jack, but I can't find him. —He has gone to the library. You can find him there.
1.Mr Wu is away on holiday. He has gone to Shanghai.
2.Kitty’s uncle has been to Beijing twice.
3.We have been good friends for more than ten years.
4.How many times have you been to Yangzhou?
l 频率副词
1.—Did you play badminton yesterday? —Yes. But I never play badminton these days because my right foot hurts.
2.He learns all by himself. He never goes to any training class.
3.Alice seldom watches the news round-up, so she knows little about the world.
4.I hate vegetables. I seldom eat them.
l the other、others、another、other
1.This coat is too large. Would you please show me another one?
2.I know there is a pen in your right hand. But what’s in your other (另一个)hand?
3.she is always ready to help others．
4.This morning Jack came to school much later than any other student in his class.
5.We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have another one this month.
6.If the question is answered incorrectly, another question will be given to you.
l Put on; take off ;Turn on/ off;turn up/ down
1.Bob, put on your coat. It’ s cold outside.
2.The man took off his coat as soon as he walked into the warm room..
3.Tom, take off your T-shirt right now! It looks so dirty.
4.Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
5.The music from the radio sounds so beautiful. Could you please turn up the radio a little?
6.Would you please turn down the TV a little? Jack is doing his homework.
l both, either,neither
1.—Did your parents go to climb the Zijin Mountain last Sunday? —No They both went to see a film．
2.—Would you like some juice or milk?—Either is OK. I don’t mind.
3.There are two ways from here to the station. You can go either way.
4.Would you like some coffee or tea? Neither , water is OK.
5.Neither of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help.
l a few, few, a little ,little
1.You’ve done a good job. You made few mistakes.
2.There’s little cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the supermarket and get some ?
3.I can’t buy the dress because I have just a little money.
4.We’ll try our best to do the work with less money and fewer people.
l look at / for/ up/ after
1.Parents, attention please. It’s very crowded here. Look after your kids.
2.The English—Chinese dictionary helps me a lot. I often look up new words in it.
3.Look up the word in the dictionary，and you’ll get the meaning by yourselves．
l because,because of
Yangzhou is more suitable for people to live in because of less air pollution.
l living & alive
Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest living writers. He is still alive.
l surprised; amazing ;boring
1.In the Science Museum, the children felt surprised to see so many amazing things.
2.The film is boring, it makes me want to sleep.
l sometime在某个时间;some time一段时间;sometimes有时候;some times几次
They are going to have a picnic sometime next week.
l except & besides
—Why did you all go swimming exceptTom?—Because he was ill at home.
l Until& not …until
1.They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
2.You won’t get the result of the test until the end of this month.
3.The teachers did not leave the school until all the students had gone home.
l A number of & the number of
1.The number of the teachers in their school is about 200 and a number of them are women.
2.—What is the number of the students in your school? — About two thousand. A number of them are from England.
l used to do& be used to doing
1.Mr Smith told me that he wasn’t used to travelling by plane and he used to feel sick a lot.
2.Ben is used to reading English (习惯于读英话) for half an hour after he gets up in the morning.
3The Smiths are used to getting up early.
4.Susan’s father used to go fishing.
5.He used to live in a small village, but now he has been used to living in the big city.
6.My grandpa used to play the violin after dinner, but now he is used to playing chess with me.
l Would rather do than do & prefer…to…
1.I would rather do some reading than chat online at weekends.
2.He would rather read books at home than go hiking.
3.What a heavy rain! I prefer watching TV to going out on such a rainy day.
4.他宁可在家听音乐: He prefer to listen to music at home.

中考词汇部分高频词
1. 名词：
     1）tion结尾（兼顾复数）：inventions、description、invitations、organizations
2）规则、不规则复数变化（极可能考复数形式）：potato—potatoes、tooth—teeth、leaf—leaves、wife—wives
3）后缀名词：players、villagers
4）转化来的名词：fly—flight、choose—choice、greet—greeting、important—importance、different—difference、develop—development、advantage—disadvantage、win—winner’s、smoke—smoking、hear—hearing、decide—decision
5）其它：robot、sunglasses、energy、fans、mistakes、basketball、dream、photos、century、fruits、water、reason、corner、traffic、manners、professor’s、languages、spacemen、news、end、sky、duty
2. 动词：
      accept、doubt、took、taught（多次出现）、replying、beat、guess、agreed with、afford（多次出现）、interview、happened、watch、write、Allowed、open、waste、disturbed、checked、recorded、turned、made、imagine、described、waste、refused、lying、breathe、held、paid、 surprise、spent、change、heard from、tastes、refused、weighed、injured、treat、to give、supposed、 rains、would come、is ringing、shall/ will/ am going to stay、was sent、have、be planted、 beginning/to begin、to choose、passed、rises、was taken、to close、will be held/are going to be held、was chatting、was asked、was trying、am considering、punishing、to play、can/will clean、make、failed、discover、to go、were waiting、realized、left、were working、was found、will be、ran、got、started、to buy、were taken、will come/is coming/should come、looked、returns、to move / moving、has missed
    关于动词，要立足于最常用的部分，但非谓语动词和各种时态、语态变化却是训练时必不可少的，单纯记忆孤立的单词基本没有什么作用。
3. 形容词：
     1）ous结尾：dangerous、nervous、serious、humorous
2）ed结尾：interested（interest、interesting也是高频词）、relaxed、satisfied、crowded、disturbed、pleased
3) ful/less结尾：successful、useful、wonderful、careful、helpful、homeless
4）(l)y结尾：sunny、hungry、easy、lucky、happy、friendly、busy、healthy
5）ent结尾：patient、different
6）ite结尾：favorite、polite
7）al结尾：general、national、familiar、educational
8）able结尾：enjoyable
9）形容词最高级：largest、biggest、longest
10）序数词（可兼用作名词）：first、second、third、seventh
11）其它：weak、true、light、fresh、aware、worth、enough、own、alone
4. 副词：
      instead、immediately、carefully、correctly、freely、badly、luckily、heavily、carelessly、angrily、widely、harder、away、most（也可做形容词）、once
5. 代词：
      herself（频率最高）、mine、myself、yourself/ves、himself、theirs、they
不定代词：others、none
6、介词：between、beside、by
7、连词：than、as soon as、unless、until、so that、since

中考高频短语总结
l 介词短语：
in the morning, in 2008, in June,in a hurry, arrive at/ in, be in survice/use, on a rainy morning, on the morning of, have a bad effect on sb, look down on, on mobile phone/the radio, on her twentieth birthday, at eight o’clock, set up, put out, get on/ off, take off, put on, turn on/off, turn up/down, belong to, reply to, be of great value to,at the beginning(of), give up , give out, grow up,cheer sb up, try it/them on, help sb with sth, agree with sb, be strict with, chat with, get on well with, get along with, be filled with, share sth with sb, stay with sb, provide sth for sb, provide sb with sth, argue with sb, none of, a member of, remind of, the importance/ loss of, in the form of, think of，take care of, look up, put up, stay out (too) late, worry about, show off, raise money for, go across the street, between… and, come out, instead of, be proud of, put one’s effort into, get to, hear from, the sixtieth birthday of China, on the third Sunday, be full of, donate to,from …to, in order to,the answer to, spend on, pay for, be late for , be good for, be famous for, wash away,hand it in on time, come out, come from, laugh at, show sb around, on foot, lend sth to sb, borrow sth from…, buy sb sth,buy sth for sb, look after…well, take good care of,on one side of…on the other side of, prefer sth to sth,
l 含有动名词的短语：
be fond of doing, enjoy doing, devote oneself to doing sth, prefer doing sth to doing sth, have a good time doing sth，pay（no）attention to doing, be worth doing, be crazy about doing, be interested in doing sth, keep doing, practise doing, looking forward to (doing) sth, be good at doing, do well in doing, finish doing, forget /remember doing, stop doing, be busy doing, have problems/difficulty doing, stop/keep/prevent…(from)doing, thanks for doing sth,
l 使用动词原形的短语：
would rather do sth than do sth, would rather not do sth, be able to do sth, had better(not) do,make sb do,help sb do, see/hear sb do, let sb do,
l 含有动词不定式的短语：
want to do, ask sb to do,tell sb to do sth, advise sb to do, seem to do, try (one’ s best )to do, teach sb to do , decide to do, forget /remember to do, can’ t wait to do, would like to do, allow to do, stop to do, invite sb to do, take action to do, have sth to eat/ drink,
l 易混淆的短语：
used to do, be used to doing sth, fall asleep, feel sleepy, four million/thousand, millions/thousands of, much too, too much, hear& listen to, stay at home alone, leave sb alone, feel lonely, play football/basketball, play the violin/piano, play cards/ chess, two more books, another two books, be made of/ from/ in,
l 其他：
not…until, not only…but also, not… any more, more and more beautiful，much taller,something serious, teach oneself, learn by oneself, say to oneself, hurt oneself, be covered live, enjoy the beauty of，be carefull, as quickily as possible, for example, find …adj., take place, either…or, a big success, an eight—year—old boy, make a decision, keep healthy, take …for a walk, take a good rest, have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner, make a mistake, by mistake, three fifths, be chosen as /to be , be grateful to, have a sense of humour, be the same as, be different from, have a good time, the places of interest, first of all, by the way, as a result, in fact, people in need/ trouble, a friend of mine, too…to,

中考高频句型总结
l 感叹句
1. What exciting/terrible news! What wonderful music! What terrible weather it is!
2. How useful the dictionary is!(同义句) What a useful dictionary it is !
3. What a kind girl Nancy is! What a sunny day today! What a heavy rain!
4. What a useful dictionary for beginners of English!
5. What terrible weather it is! What good weather it is! Let's go out for a picnic.
6. （翻译）多么有趣的一部电影啊！How interesting the film is! What an interesting film it is !
7. 我们的城市多美啊! How beautiful our city is!
8. How lucky he was ! Look, how dirty the water is!
9. How dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road!
10. How quickly (quick) Betty answered the teacher's question!
l 花费时间/金钱做某事
It takes /took/ will take sb. some time to do sth.
1. It took the firemen two hours to put out the fire.
2. It takes them too much time to chat online.
3. It will take us several years to learn a foreign language well.
Sb spend(s)/spent some time/money doing sth.
1. Leo spent one hour playing badminton yesterday.(同义句)
It took Leo one hour to play badminton yesterday.
2. (翻译)昨天你花了多少钱买这台打印机？
How much did you spend buying this printer yesterday?
l It is +名词短语 + to do sth. & It + be + 形容词 + for/of sb to do sth.
1. It’ s not a good idea to drive for four hours without a break.
2. It is my job to introduce the film stars from Taiwan on the show.
3. It is important for us students to make a plan for our studies before a new term starts.
4. It's important for you not to give up easily if you want to achieve success.
5. It is important for us to learn team spirit.
6. It’ s generous of the little girl to share her toys with the other kids?
7. It’s kind of you to help me learn Maths.
8. It's selfish of Eddie to eat the whole birthday cake.
l be + adj.+ enough to do sth& enough
1. John is lucky (幸运的)enough to be chosen for the school football team．
2. I find this computer game easy enough to play.
3. I can’ t hear you. Would you please speak clearly enough?
4. The boy isn’t old enough to deal with such a difficult problem by himself
l Have no choice but to do
1. The tourists had no choice（选择）but to wait for the next train.
2. I’ m afraid (that) we have no choice but to take a taix.
3. Sandy has no choice but to put all of her effort into the work.
4. He has no choice but to ask for help.
l too… to…& so…that…
1. Mary was too nervous to describe the accident clearly.
2. I like the pop star so much that I never miss his concert.
3. Hurry up, Jack. We have to get to the station before 11:45 so that we can catch the 12:00 train.
4. The music in the surpermarket sounded so noisy that I wanted to leave at once.
5. We arrived so late that there were no seats left.
6. She is too weak to take part in the activity. (改为同义句 ) —She is so weak that she can't take part/join in the activity.
l 以how 开头的句型
1. How often do you go to the Reading Club? —Once a week.
2. How soon will your father come back? —In a week.
3. How many English films have you seen so far?
l 反意疑问句
1. Tina had nothing for breakfast, did she? Yes, she had some bread and milk.
2. Your father seldom goes out for dinner, does he ?
3. He's seldom/never late for school, is he ?
4. There are more and more birds flying to Yancheng for winter every year, aren't there?
5. He is often late for school, isn't he?
No, he isn't. He always goes to school earlier than others.
6. Tom goes to work from Monday to Friday, doesn't he?
l 动词不定式
1. To kn