资源描述
课程设计(论文)
课程名称
程序设计实训
题 目
公交卡信息管理系统
院 (系)
信息与控制工程学院
专业班级
软件1402
姓 名
学 号
指导教师
年 月 日
第 33 页
目 录
1. 题目 2
2. 需求分析 2
2.1功能分析 2
3. 概要设计 3
4. 详细设计 5
4.1、程序流程图 5
4.2、loading()函数实现用链表读取文件中数据 6
4.3、display()函数显示所用用户信息 8
5. 实现与测试 9
5.1管理员及用户登录界面 9
5.2管理员操作界面 9
5.3显示所有用户信息 9
6.总结 10
1. 题目
公交卡模拟系统
2. 需求分析
2.1功能分析
系统需要满足管理员和持卡用户两类使用者,管理员能实现对数据的添加、删除、查找、修改、显示全部用户五项功能。持卡用户可以实现对数据的添加、查找功能。
添加用户
管理员
删除用户
公交卡模拟系统
查找用户
用 户
修改用户信息
显示全部用户e
3. 概要设计
3.1类的设计
1)管理员类及持卡者类
管理者类:可实现对数据的添加、删除、查找、修改、显示操作
class administrator
public:
administrator();
void menu();
void add();
void Delete();
void search();
void modify();
void display();
持卡者类(用户类):实现数据的添加和查找操作。
class user
public:
user();
void menu();
void add();
void search();
2)公交卡分为三类一般卡、老年卡和学生卡
一般卡:包含可执行多个操作的成员函数及卡号和余额两个数据成员
class adult_card
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
adult_card *loading()
double balance;
char card_number[10];
adult_card *next;
老年卡:使用public继承adult_card类并新增姓名、优待证证件号
class seniors_card:public adult_card
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
seniors_card *loading()
char name[20];
char discount_number[10];
seniors_card *next;
学生卡:使用public继承adult_card类并新增姓名、学生证证件号
class student_card:public adult_card
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
student_card *loading()
char name[20];
char student_number[10];
student_card *next;
4. 详细设计
4.1、程序流程图
Y
N
查找用户
结束
修改用户
显示全部用户
删除用户
查找用户
新增用户
功能选择
账号密码是否正确
输入账户、密码
定义int变量账号:number
Int变量密码:passward
用户(user)
管理员(admin)
登录类型选择
开始
4.2、loading()函数实现用链表读取文件中数据
adult_card *loading() //loading()函数从文件中载入数据到链表
{
新建两个adult_card类的指针head、p1
adult_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = new adult_card
while (!in.eof()) //使用eof()函数判断是否到文件末尾
将从文件中读取到的值赋给p1->card_number和p1->balance;新建adult_card赋给p1->next
{
in >> p1->card_number >> p1->balance;
if (p1->card_number[0] == '\0')break;
p1->next = new adult_card;
p1 = p1->next;
开 始
}
创建adult_card类的指针*head、*p1
打开adult.txt文件
p1=p1->next
文件中数据传给P1->number和p1->balance
是否到达文件末尾
p1->next=new
adult_card
N
Y
结 束
返回值head
4.3、display()函数显示所用用户信息
void adult_card::display()
{
adult_card *p1=loading(); //调用loading()函数义链表形式从文件中读取数据
While语句与链表实现数据的遍历,并输出所有用户信息
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number<<"\t"<< "余额:" << p1->balance;
cout << endl << endl;
p1 = p1->next;
开 始
}
新建adult_card类的指针*p
调用loading()函数(返回值为adult_card类的指针)将返回值赋给p
p1=p1->next
p1->number和p1->balance
输出到显示器
判断是否到达链表末尾
N
Y
结 束
5. 实现与测试
5.1管理员及用户登录界面
5.2管理员操作界面
5.3显示所有用户信息
6.总结
参考资料和程序示例,通过链表的使用和文件的输入输出我感受到了自己亲自动手编程序、调程序的重要性,我们要熟悉C++的语法、体会调试的思想,最好的一个手段就是自己动手编程、调试,这会比我们一味的看书效果好得多。
另外,对于学C++的我们来说,对类相关知识的掌握也尤为重要。在这次课程设计中,通过各个函数实现及文件读取方式,更进一步加深了我们对基础知识的认识。通过这一次课程设计,我们最大的收获就是分析问题解决问题能力的有了大幅提高。但仍存在许多不足,不能独自写出功能很齐全的代码,写代码要参考很多资料,所以今后应培养自己独立写代码的能力。在今后学习中,必须精通至少一门编程语言,并且日后的课程也要认真学习,不断的用知识武装自己的头脑,为以后的学习打一个坚定的基础。
公交卡信息管理系统源码
//注意:程序涉及到文件读写,必须提前在相应工程目录新建adult.txt;seniors.txt;student.txt三个txt文件
# include <iostream>
# include <fstream>
# include <string>
using namespace std;
class adult_card
{
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
adult_card *loading() //loading()函数从文件中载入数据到链表
{
adult_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = new adult_card;
ifstream in;
in.open("adult.txt", ios::in); //打开目标文件
if (!in)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (!in.eof()) //利用循环实现链表对数据的连续载入
{
in >> p1->card_number >> p1->balance;
if (p1->card_number[0] == '\0')break;
p1->next = new adult_card;
p1 = p1->next;
}
in.close(); //关闭目标文件
return head; //返回值为类的指针
};
double balance;
char card_number[10];
adult_card *next;
};
void adult_card::add()
{
balance = 0;
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << "请输入新添加的卡号:";
cin >> card_number;
fstream out("adult.txt", ios::app);
out << card_number<<"\t"<<balance<<'\n';
out.close();
cout << "余额:0.00" << endl;
};
int adult_card::Delete(char *p)
{
adult_card *head, *p1, *p2;
head = p1 = p2 =loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
char ch;
cout << "!确认删除?";
cin >> ch;
if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
{
p2->next = p1->next;
}
p1 = head;
remove("adult.txt");
ofstream out;
out.open("adult.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p2 = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int adult_card::search(char *p)
{
adult_card *p1 = loading();
while (p1->next!=NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p)==0)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number << "\t" << "余额:" << p1->balance;
cout << endl << endl; return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int adult_card::modify(char *p)
{
adult_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
cout << "请输入修改后的余额:";
cin >> p1->balance;
p1 = head;
remove("adult.txt");
ofstream out;
out.open("adult.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
void adult_card::display()
{
adult_card *p1=loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number<<"\t"<< "余额:" << p1->balance;
cout << endl << endl;
p1 = p1->next;
}
};
class seniors_card:public adult_card
{
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
seniors_card *loading()
{
seniors_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = new seniors_card;
ifstream in;
in.open("seniors.txt", ios::in);
if (!in)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (!in.eof())
{
in >> p1->card_number >> p1->name >> p1->discount_number >> p1->balance;
if (p1->card_number[0] == '\0')break;
p1->next = new seniors_card;
p1 = p1->next;
}
in.close();
return head;
};
char name[20];
char discount_number[10];
seniors_card *next;
};
void seniors_card::add()
{
balance = 0;
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << "请输入新添加的卡号:";
cin >> card_number;
cout << "请输入持卡人姓名:";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入持卡人老年优待证号码:";
cin >> discount_number;
fstream out("seniors.txt", ios::app);
out << card_number << "\t" << name << "\t" << discount_number << "\t" << balance << '\n';
out.close();
cout << "余额:0.00" << endl;
};
int seniors_card::Delete(char *p)
{
seniors_card *head, *p1, *p2;
head = p1 = p2 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
char ch;
cout << "!确认删除?";
cin >> ch;
if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
{
p2->next = p1->next;
}
p1 = head;
remove("adult.txt");
ofstream out;
out.open("adult.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->name << "\t" << p1->discount_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p2 = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int seniors_card::search(char *p)
{
seniors_card *p1=loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << p1->name << "\t";
cout << "老年优待证号码:" << p1->discount_number << "\t";
cout << "余额:" << p1->balance << "\t";
cout << endl << endl;
return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int seniors_card::modify(char *p)
{
seniors_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
cout << "请输入修改后的姓名";
cin >> p1->name;
cout << "请输入修改后的优待卡号";
cin >> p1->discount_number;
cout << "请输入修改后的余额:";
cin >> p1->balance;
p1 = head;
remove("seniors.txt ");
ofstream out;
out.open("seniors.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->name << "\t" << p1->discount_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
//董老师说:“13级的都说我很慈祥”哈哈哈
//朱老师很严厉哈哈哈;
void seniors_card::display()
{
seniors_card *p1 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << p1->name << "\t";
cout << "老年优待证号码:" << p1->discount_number << "\t";
cout << "余额:" << p1->balance << "\t";
cout << endl << endl;
p1 = p1->next;
}
};
class student_card:public adult_card
{
public:
virtual void add();
virtual int Delete(char *p);
virtual int search(char *p);
virtual int modify(char *p);
virtual void display();
student_card *loading()
{
student_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = new student_card;
ifstream in;
in.open("student.txt", ios::in);
if (!in)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (!in.eof())
{
in >> p1->card_number >> p1->name >> p1->student_number >> p1->balance;
if (p1->card_number[0] == '\0')break;
p1->next = new student_card;
p1 = p1->next;
}
in.close();
return head;
};
char name[20];
char student_number[10];
student_card *next;
};
void student_card::add()
{
balance = 0;
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << "请输入新添加的卡号:";
cin >> card_number;
cout << "请输入持卡人姓名:";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入持卡人学生证证号码:";
cin >> student_number;
fstream out("student.txt", ios::app);
out << card_number << "\t" << name << "\t" << student_number << "\t" << balance << '\n';
out.close();
cout << "余额:0.00" << endl;
};
int student_card::Delete(char *p)
{
student_card *head, *p1, *p2;
head = p1 = p2 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
char ch;
cout << "!确认删除?";
cin >> ch;
if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
{
p2->next = p1->next;
}
p1 = head;
remove("adult.txt");
ofstream out;
out.open("adult.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->name << "\t" << p1->student_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p2 = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int student_card::search(char *p)
{
student_card *p1 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number << "\t";
cout << "姓名:" << p1->name << "\t";
cout << "学生证号码:" << p1->student_number << "\t";
cout << "余额:" << p1->balance << "\t";
cout << endl << endl;
return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
int student_card::modify(char *p)
{
student_card *head, *p1;
head = p1 = loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p1->card_number, p) == 0)
{
cout << "请输入修改后的姓名:";
cin >> p1->name;
cout << "请输入修改后的学生证号:";
cin >> p1->student_number;
cout << "请输入修改后的余额:";
cin >> p1->balance;
p1 = head;
remove("student.txt");
ofstream out;
out.open("student.txt");
if (!out)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
out << p1->card_number << "\t" << p1->name << "\t" << p1->student_number << "\t" << p1->balance << '\n';
p1 = p1->next;
}
out.close();
return 1;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return 0;
};
void student_card::display()
{
student_card *p1=loading();
while (p1->next != NULL)
{
cout << "卡号:" << p1->card_number<<"\t";
cout << "姓名:" << p1->name << "\t";
cout << "学生证号码:" << p1->student_number << "\t";
cout << "余额:" << p1->balance << "\t";
cout << endl << endl;
p1 = p1->next;
}
};
void password()
{
int administrator_number, administrator_password;
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << " 请输入管理员账号:";
cin >> administrator_number;
while (administrator_number != 123)
{
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << "*** !账号不存在 ***" << endl;
cout << "*** 请重新输入管理员账号: ***" << endl;
cin >> administrator_number;
}
cout << " 请输入管理员密码:";
cin >> administrator_password;
while (administrator_password != 123)
{
cout << "*** !管理员密码错误 ***" << endl;
cout << "*** 请重新输入管理员密码: ***" << endl;
cin >> administrator_password;
}
};
class administrator
{
public:
administrator();
void menu();
void add();
void Delete();
void search();
void modify();
void display();
};
administrator::administrator()
{
password();
menu();
};
void administrator::menu()
{
char m;
system("cls");
cout << "*******************欢迎使用西安公交卡信息管理系统*******************" << endl;
cout << "*** 请选择您需要的操作: ***" << endl;
cout << "*** 1.添加用户信息 ***" << endl;
cout << "*** 2.删除用户信息
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