初中英语根据鲁教版单词表整理知识点大全(宝典).pdf

六上六上1.please pleased pleasant pleasure 对满意:be pleased with have a pleasant trip -Can you help me?-With pleasure.=Id love to.(还没做)-Thank you!-Its a pleasure(不用谢)2.have some problem(s)(in)doing sth have some trouble(in)doing sth have some difficulty(in)doing sth have a hard time (in)doing sth 若后面跟名词 in doing 可换成 with3.基数词 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen序数词 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth整十数基数词变序数词把 y 变 i+eth twentieth thirtieth fortieth99:ninety-ninth 44:forty-fourth分子基数词 分母序数词 分子大于 1 分母+s四分之三：three-quarters 九分之七：seven ninths 二分之一：one second=a half=one half4.Jim Linda Brown first name middle name last namegiven name 教名 family namecall sb.at+号码 给某人打电话5.like当动词讲 喜欢 反义词 dislike当介词讲 像 反义词 unlike喜欢做 like to do/doingfeel like doing=would like to do=want to do look like 看上去像 be like 像Are you like=Do you look like6.名词变复数：一般词尾+s apples以辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i+es dictionaries以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾+es watches buses以 f,fe 结尾 把 f/fe 变 ves wolfwolves wifewives knifeknives 英雄 西红柿 土豆（+es）heroes tomatoes potatoes单复数同形 sheep(绵羊)deer（鹿）Chinese Japanese特殊 footfeet toothteeth goosegeese manmen mousemice childchildren oxoxen(牛)男司机 a man drivermen drivers 男警察 policemanpolicemen 男工人 a man workermen workers 渔夫 fisherman-fishermen 苹果树 an apple treeapple trees 男生 a boy studentboy students humanhumans GermanGermans RomanRomans8.闭音节：由 1 个元音字母和 1 个或多个辅音字母组成的音节.map get重读闭音节结尾且只有 1 个辅音字母结尾的双写辅音字母+ed 或+ing.beginning六下六下1.冠词：a,an 不定冠词 the 定冠词（1）同一事物第一次出现用 a 或 an,再次出现用 the This is a book,the book is mine.（2）世界上独一无二的东西前+the the moon the earth（3）序数词，形容词最高级前+the the ninth the longest one（4）乐器（西洋）前必须+the play the piano（5）姓这个姓的的一家人前+the 后+s the Greens（6）形容词前+the 表示一类人 the poor（7）球类运动前，三餐前，学科名词前不加 the2.health 形 healthy 副 healthilyin good health=healthy保持健康 keep healthy,keep fit,keep in good health（keep=stay）对你的健康有好处 be good for your health吃得健康 eat healthily3.collect 收藏品 collection 收藏家 collector 集邮 collect stamps4.help(名，动)形 helpful 用作名词时 help 不可数。I need your help.帮助某人做某事 help sb.do sth=help sb.with sth=help sb.to do 帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb.out在某人的帮助下 with the help of sb.=with ones help忍不住做某事 cant help doing=cant stop doing等不及做 cant wait to do在汤姆的帮助下 with the help of Tom,with Toms help,thanks to Toms help5.月份：1.January 2.February 3.March 4.April 5.May 6.June 7.July 8.August 9.September10.October 11.November 12.December 星期：星期日 Sunday 星期一 Monday 星期二 Tuesday 星期三 Wednesday 星期四 Thursday 星期五 Friday 星期六 Saturday日期：2013-9-20 September 20,2013 6.speak 过去式 spoke 过去分词 spoken 演讲 speech 发言人 speaker(spokesman)说中文 speak Chinese英语口语 spoken English,oral English在一个说英语的国家 in an Englishspeaking country做演讲 make/give a speech电话用语 May I speak to Tom?Whos that？This is Tom.音乐 music 音乐家 musician 音乐的 musical7.kind Its kind/nice/polite/impolite/right/wrong/silly+of you to do 其他+for 种类 a kind of ;kinds of;all kinds of 有点有几分 kind of=a little=a bit=a little bit一点水 a little water=a bit of water有点重 a little heavy=a bit heavy8.名 success 形 successful 副 successfully 动 succeed in doing sth.努力工作是成功的钥匙 Working hard is the key to success.汤姆成功地通过了英语考试 Tom succeeded in passing the English exam.他成功的完成了他的作业 He finished his homework successfully.他是一位成功的音乐家 Hes a successful musician.9.这个箱子太重汤姆搬不动1.The box is too heavy for Tom to carry.2.The box isnt light enough for Tom to carry.3.The box is so heavy that Tom cant carry it.10.乐器：钢琴 piano 小提琴 violin 吉他 guitar 喇叭 trumpet 鼓 drum 手风琴 accordion play the+乐器11.few 表示否定 几乎没有 a few 表示肯定 还有几个 修饰可数名词little 表示否定 几乎没有 a little 表示肯定 还有一点 修饰不可数名词12.你来自哪里？Where are you from?Where do you come from?Whats your address?13.科目:科学 science 语文 Chinese 数学 math 英语 English 物理 physic 化学chemistry 体育 P.E 美 art 音 music 电脑 computer 生物 biology 历史 history 地理 geography14.describe 名 descriptionbusy 忙于做某事 be busy doing=be busy withstrict 对严格 be strict with sb./be strict in sth.15.国家：中国 China 美国 America(USA)加拿大 Canada（加拿大人 Canadian）日本 Japan 法国 France 澳大利亚 Australia 英国 the United Kingdom 新加坡 Singapore 印度 India 俄罗斯 Russia 意大利 Italy 西班牙 Spain 德国 Germany16.花费 spend doing spend on spend(in)doing 人做主语花费的可以是钱也可以是时间 pay for Sb.pays(money)for sth.cost 只用于花费金钱 Sth.cost sb some money It/Sth.takes sb.some time to do sth be worth+money(doing)某物值多少钱（值得一做）buy sth for some money 买某物花了多少钱 sell sth for some money 某物卖了多少钱17.through 从空间里面穿过 go across=cross 从一边到另一边 crossing 十字路口 across from 在对面 jump over 翻越18.begin 过去式 began 过去分词 begun 现在分词 beginning首先 begin with=start withat the beginning of 在开始的时候end with=end up with(以结束)=end up doing在尽头 at the end of最后 in the end到来为止 by the end of（用于一般将来时和过去完成时）19.某个时间 sometime 一段时间 some time 有时 sometimes 几次 some times20.danger 形 dangerous 危险中 in danger 21.newspaper 可数 news 与 paper 不可数information 不可数 advice 不可数 suggestion 可数 message 可数22.等某人 wait for sb.wait for sb.to do sth.等不及做某事 cant wait to do23.停止做某事 stop doing 停下来去做另一件事 stop to do忘记做过的某事 forget doing 忘记去做某事 forget to do记得做过某事 remember doing 记得去做某事 remember to do继续做某事 go on doing continue doing 继续做另一件事 go on to do continue to dogo on with+名词七上七上1.天气：多风的 windy 多云的 cloudy 晴天的、阳光充足的 sunny 下雪的 snowy 热的 hot 寒冷的 cold 温暖的 warm 凉爽的 cool 潮湿的 humid 干旱的 dry 多雾的 foggy 下雨的 rainy 结冰的 icy提问天气如何：Whats the weather like?=Hows the weather?2.lie 现在分词 lying die 现在分词 dying tie 现在分词 tying3.surprised surprisingamazed amazinginterested interestingexcited excitingbored boringtired tiringfrustrated frustratingmoved movingtouched touching relaxed relaxingpleased pleasant4.surprise:in surprise 惊讶地 to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的 surprise sb.使某人感到惊讶 be surprised at 对感到惊讶5.形容词：high 名：height 形容词 deep 名：depth 形容词 long 名：length 形容词 wide 名：width6.be patient with be careful with be strict with sbargue with=have a fight with=have an argument with(生的气)end up with 以结束 begin with 以开始与相处得好 get along well with get on well with be good withgo on with help sb.with sth 在某事上帮助某人7.once 一次 twice 二次 three times 三次8.尽力做某事(1)、try to do (2).try ones best to do (3).do ones best to do9.look 看：look at 查找：look up 看一看：have a look 留神.当心：look out 寻找：look for 轻视某人，往下看：look down(on)照顾：look after 把看作：look upon.as 浏览：look through 看上去像：look like10.你怎么了？(1)Whats the matter with you?(2)Whats wrong with you?(3)Whats the trouble with you?(4)Whats your trouble?(5)Whats the problem with you?(6)Whats up?(7)Is there anything wrong with you?(8)What is going on?11.ill(adj)(n:illness)与 sick(1)都当生病讲(2).都可放在 be 动词后，sick 可做定语（a sick man）,ill 不能12.收到某人的信(1).hear from (2).get a letter from (3).receive a letter from给某人写信 write a letter to sb=write to sb13.worry:worry about be/feel/become worried aboutlook worried 看上去担心14.practice doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing allow doing feel like doing permit doing consider doing15.下决心做某事make up ones mind to dodecide to do/not to do make a decision to do make decisions to do 16.介词后+doingconsider doing=think about doing七年级下册七年级下册1.还需要 10 天：another ten days=ten more days2.前天：the day before yesterday 昨天：yesterday 今天：today 明天：tomorrow 后天：the day after tomorrow3.invite 名：invitationtrain 名：training4.全家：all the family=the whole family5.free 名：freedom6.这个单词什么意思？Whats the meaning of the word?What does the word mean?What do you mean by the word?7.way:by the way 顺便一说 in this way 用这种办法on ones way(to)在去某地的路上 in some ways 在某些方面in the way 挡道 the way you speak 你说话的方式the way of learning English 学英语的办法 8.both 反：neither 两者都（不）all 反 none 三者及以上都（不）bothand.两者都 neithernor.两者都不not onlybut also不但而且 eitheror不是就是9.就近原则：There be.neithernor.两者都不not onlybut also不但而且 eitheror不是就是10.with,except,together with,as well as,besides(就远原则)11.more than=over 超出He is more than 40.=he is over 40.他 40 多岁了12.be good at=do well in 在方面做得好13.be good for(对好)反 be bad for(对不好)与相处得好 be good with get on well with get along well with14.make过：made 过分：made主动：make sb.do 使某人做.被动：be made to do 被迫做make=let 后+动词原形 如：Lets go.make sb do主动：Speak loudly so that you make the others hear you.被动：Speak loudly so that you make yourself heard.给某人打电话：make a telephone call to sb phone sb telephone sb call sb(up)ring sb.(up)整理床铺：make the bed 泡茶：make tea 包水饺：make dumplings下决心做某事：make a decision to do make decisions to domake up ones mind to do decide to do/not to do15.对感兴趣：be interested in take(an)interest in名胜：a place of interest 复：many places of interest使某人感兴趣：interest sb 感兴趣的 interested 有趣的 interesting 16.win:win an award=win a prize 赢得奖品 win the war 赢得战争win the game/match 赢得比赛 beat sb/team 击败某人/队lose sth.输了 lose to sb/team 输给某人17.care形：careful 副：carefully 反：carelessly(adv)careless(adj)粗心的关心：care about care for当心：be careful take care look out watch outtake good care of=look afterwell当心be careful with be careful of18.消息：information 不可数 message 可数19.在河的两边:on both sides of the river on each/either side of the river20.turn:turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 调高 turn down 调低21.mix 混合 名：mixture 混合物 press 压，挤压 名：pressure 压力22.salt 形：salty 咸的23.(1).切碎 cut up (2).把倒入 pour into (3).混合在一起 mix up(4).把加在上 addto (5).一片面包 a slice of bread24.in common 公共的礼物 gift present25.hanghunghung 悬挂hanghangedhanged 上吊hang out 闲逛26.游客：visitor=tourist=travel(l)er27.end:在最后：in the end=at last=finally在的尽头：at the end of到末为止：by the end of以结束：end up with sth=end with以做结束：end up doing28.luck：（n）adj:lucky adv:luckily 反：unluckily=unfortunately29.nation:adj:national 民族的 national flag 国旗30.achieve(v.)n:achievement表演：v:perform n:performance31.钢琴家：pianist 小提琴家：violinist32.因而出名：be famous for be well-known for作为而出名：be famous as be well-known as33.运动员：athlete=player 形：athletic 运动的34.主修：major in 计划做某事：plan to do寄给我一张明信片：send me a postcard35.(1).去徒步旅行：go hiking (2).去观光：go sightseeing (3).去游泳：go swimming (4).去钓鱼：go fishing (5).去购物：go shopping36.leave:(1)出发去某地：leave for 后+要到的地方(2)left 剩 There are a few newspapers left on the desk.(3)当落下、遗留讲，后+地点 I left my bike at home.37.成长：grow up 一名工程师：an engineer 一名飞行员：a pilot一位艺术家：an artist .攒钱：save money 在同时：at the same time 遍布：all over fit=healthy keep healthy/fit 保持健康build n:building builder 人，建设者 foreign 外国人：foreigner洗餐具：do the dishes 倒垃圾：take out the trash 在客厅：in the living room 忙于：work on 干家务：do chores=do housework 洗衣服：do the laundry 借入：borrow from 借出：lend fortable adv:comfortably terrible terribly possible possiblyeasy adv:easily39.靠近：be close to40.without+名/代/动 ing He left without telling me.和在一起 together with=with(就远原则)Tom with his parents goes to the beach every day.41.东：east adj:eastern 西：west adj:western南：south adj southern 北：north adj:northern42.至少：at least 最多：at most43.taketo拿，随身带着；bringto带来carry 提重物 carry for 为提重物get /fetch 去拿来44.后+adj:feel sound look smell taste feel sound look smell taste+like+n./pron.短语45.Thia is用于打电话/作介绍用46.voice 人的声音 noise 噪音 sound 自然界的声音47.祈使句(1).表要求，命令的句子(2).以动词原形开头(3).变否定句都在句首加 dont(4)变反义疑问句除了 lets 开头的，加 shall we,其余都可以加 will youLets go home,shall we?Let us go home,will you?Open the door,will you?/wont you?Dont open the door,will you?48.join+团体组织，延续动词：be in/be a member ofjoin in doing sth 参加活动take an active part in 积极参加 attend 出席49.tell sb.sth.告诉某人某事tell a story 讲故事 tell a lie 撒谎 tell the truth 说实话tell sb.about sth.告诉某人有关某事tell a joke 讲笑话 tell of 讲述tell sb(not)to do sth 告诉某人（不）去做某事tellfrom把与辨别开50.用英语说：say sth in English 说英语 speak English51.a bit=a little=a little bit=kind of+形/副 有一点a little water=a bit of water52.across 介词从一边到另一边横过run across the road=cross the road 过马路across from 在对面 crossing(十字路口)through 从空间内穿过 go through the tunnel 穿过隧道over 翻越/垂直上方（斜上方：above 与 below 相对）jump over the fence 翻越栅栏Have a look before going across the road=have a look before crossing the road53.in(at)the front/back of 在空间里面的前/后面in front of/behind 在空间外面的前/后面54.玩的高兴：have fun enjoy oneself have a good/great/wonderful/timehave fun with sb 与某人共度快乐时光have fun doing 做某事很愉快可作出行前的祝福语：have fun enjoy yourself have a good time/trip55.allow sb to do(允许某人做)=allow doing suggest doing sth 建议做某事56.stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事阻止某人做某事：stop sb(from)doing sth keep sb from doing sthprevent sb(from)doing sthprotect sb from doing sth 保护免受的伤害57.北京的天气怎么样？Whats the weather like in Beijing?Hows the weather in Beijing?58.你认为这本书怎么样？What do you think of the book?What do you think about the book?How do you like the book?How do you feel about the book?59.这本书多少钱？How much is the book?Whats the price of the book?How much does the book cost?60.你的老师长的怎么样？What does your teacher look like?He is tall.你的老师性格怎么样？What is your teacher like?He is outgoing.你喜欢中国的什么？What do you like about China?The food.61.照顾：look after take care of look+at/through/down照顾好：look afterwell take good care of小心，注意：take care be careful look out(向外看)62.look:查阅 look up 把看作 look upon as 看起来像 look like检查（身体）look over 浏览 look through 寻找 look for 朝看 look at八年级上册八年级上册 Unit 11.一般将来时:构成：be+doing be going to do will doThere be 变一般将来时:There is going to be There will beThere will be a class meeting this afternoon.2.不可数名词：paper pollutionnews+paper newspaper 可数3little less leastfew fewer fewest4.动：pollute 名：pollution 形：polluted动：build 名：building builder5.在太空 in space 在天空：in the sky为腾空：make room for make space for (“空间”不可数)动：fly 名：flight(航班)fly(n.)苍蝇，可数(flies)过：flew 过分：flown 单三：flies 现在分词 flying放风筝：fly a kite 时光如飞：How time flies!take:took taken fall:fell fallen6.过去分词用在完成时、被动关系、被动语态中，have done，have/get sth done，be done 7.alone 单独的，强调数量lonely 孤独的，可作定语 Although he lives alone,he doesnt feel lonely.仅仅这一年，only this year this year alone做定语：lonely 一座孤岛 a lonely island 汤姆自学英语。Tom teaches himself English.Tom learns English by himself.Tom learns English alone.8.大概：probably maybe perhaps9.wear 穿着，表状态 put on 穿上，表动作 dress+人(+in+衣物)化妆 dress up 化妆成：dress up asbe in+颜色10.writewrotewritten ride rode riddenpredict 名：predictionthink thought thought 思想make made made 被动：被迫做某事 be made to do11.science 科学 名：scientist 形：scientific12.so+形/副 so+形+a/an+名单 so good a studentsuch+名词短语 such+a/an+形+名单 such a good studentso+few/little/many/much(只用 so)such+形+名词复数或不可数名词13.human+s German+s Roman+s 14.seem+形 seem+to be+形 It seems that+句子.Tom seems happy.=Tom seems to be happy.It seems that Tom is happy.15.不可数 homework housework 家务 chore 可数16.太空站 space station 爱上 fall in love with 实现 come true在未来 in the future 寻找 look for 数百 hundreds of17.感观动词感觉 feel 听 hear listen to 看 look see watch notice 后加 do/doing Unit21.keep off 远离=keep away from=stay away fromkeep out 不让进入 keep off the grass 禁止践踏草地Wear worm clothes to keep out the cold.穿温暖的衣服御寒keepfrom doing阻止某人做某事 keep(on)doing 坚持做某事赶上 keep up with =catch up with2.与吵架 argue with have an argument with have a fight with have some words with与某人说话 have a word with3.时髦的 in style 不时髦的 out of style4.给某人打电话 call sb.(up)give sb.a call ring sb.(up)make a telephone to sb.call sb.call to sb.telephone sb.phone sb.5.球赛的票 the ticket to a ball game门的钥匙 the key to the door问题的答案 the answer to the question 问题的解决办法 the solution to the question 去的路 the way to6.与一样 the same as asas 反 be different from 7.成功地做某事 succeed in doing 反 fail to do8.主将从现 notuntil直到才until=till(除 notuntil)as soon as,if.When I wont go to bed until my mother comes back.9.抱怨 complain about 向.抱怨 complain to 与作比较 comparewith10.on the one hand on the other hand11.free(adj)(n)freedomorganize(v)(adj)organized(n)organization12.a kind of 一种 kinds of 各种各样的=all kinds ofkind of=a bit=a