初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳.pdf

初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 1 页 共 28 页Unit7 Will people have robots?知识归纳：知识归纳：1.People wont use money.Everything will be free.一切都将免费的。一切都将免费的。【解析 1】everything pron.每件事物 Everything is possible.一切皆有可能【注】不定代词的用法：(1)不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数_ everything OK,Lucy?No,my English is not as good as Chinese.A.Is B.Does C.Are D.DoIm leaving for the exam.Bye-bye,Mum.Well,make sure youve got _(everything/nothing)ready.Our mother earth gives us _ we need in our daily life.A.nobody B.nothing C.everybodyD.everything(2)形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词之后There is nothing serious 没什么要紧的。.-Tom,supper is ready.-I dont want to eat_,Mum.Im not feeling well.A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything【解析 2】free adj.(1)免费的 Children under five are free on buses.(2)自由的 be free=have time()Will you _ tomorrow night?A.be free B.for free C.free for D.free2.Books will only be on computer,not on paper.书将只会在电脑上出现，而不是在纸上。书将只会在电脑上出现，而不是在纸上。【解析】paper n 纸张（不可数名词）a piece of paper 一张张 two pieces of paper 两张纸“试卷；论文；报纸(newspaper)时，是可数名词a test paper 一张试卷 a newspaper 一张报纸paper money 纸币 paper tiger 纸老虎()He had something to write down and asked me for _.A.a paper B.some papers C.some pieces of papers D.a piece of paper3.There will be less free time.将会有更少的时间。将会有更少的时间。【解析】littleless least adj.少的（修饰不可数名词 less than 少于._exercise you take,_youll be.A.The fewer,the fatter B.The less,the fatter C.The less,the more fatter4.Will there be fewer trees?树木会更少吗？树木会更少吗？【解析】few fewer fewest adj.较少的（修饰可数名词复数）初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 2 页 共 28 页【辨析】：more，less 和 fewer原级原级many/muchfewlittle比较级比较级morefewerless词义词义较多的，更多的较多的，更多的较少的，更少的较少的，更少的较少的，更少的较少的，更少的用法用法修饰可数和不可数名词修饰可数和不可数名词仅修饰可数名词仅修饰可数名词仅修饰不可数名词仅修饰不可数名词例词例词more cars;more waterfewer men;fewer booksless milk;less money【小结】more 是 some、many、much 的比较级，所以 more 后可以接可数名词复数和不可数名词；fewer 是 a few 的比较级，所以 fewer 后只能接可数名词复数；less 是 a little 的比较级，所以 less 后只能接不可数名词。There will be more robots in the future.未来将会有更多的机器人。There will be more pollution in the future.未来污染会更多。There will be fewer jobs for people because more robots will do the same jobs as people.人们将会有更少的工作，因为将会有更多的机器人做和人类同样的工作。In 50 years,people will have less free time because there will be more things to do.50 年后，人们将会有更少的空闲时间，因为要做的事情会更多。To live a green life,we should try to save _ energy and produce_ pollution.A.more;less B.less;more C.more;fewer D.most leastIf there is _ pollution,the air in our city will be_dirtier.Aless;more Bmore;much Cless;less Dmore;more Many people eat_ meat than they did before.Yes,thats why theyre getting fatter and fatter.A.more B.less C.fewer D.muchRemember this,children._careful you are,_mistakes you will make.We know,Mr.Li.A.The more;the more B.The fewer;the moreC.The more;the fewer D.The less;the less5.There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger.树更少，而且环境处于极大危险中。基本用法in danger 指的是“处于危险中”，如果要表达“处于.的危险中”，可以用 in danger of.More and more wild animals are in danger because they have lost their living places.越来越多的动物处于危险中，因为他们失去了生存的地方。He was in danger of making a mess of this.他很可能把事情弄得一团糟。6.alone adj.&adv.与与 lonely1.=by oneself 独自的/地；孤独的/地；独立的/地初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 3 页 共 28 页 He likes living alone.I mended the bike alone.2.and no other 只有。唯有(跟在名词或代词后面)Mr Smith alone knows what happened.You alone can help me in the work.注意：alone 强调客观上独自，单独一人。lonely adv.1.作表语。其意思为 孤单 He feels lonely.(作表语)2.作定语，修饰表示处所的名词。The old man lives in a lonely mountain village.注意：alone 强调客观上的 独自。单独一人,而 lonely 除表示单独外，还带有感情色彩，形容失去朋友，缺乏友爱和帮助，感到寂寞、甚至悲哀，它只能做形容词，在句中做表语，也可做前置定语，用于地点时，意为 荒凉的，偏僻的 Though the old man is alone,he doesnt feel lonely7.There will be more pollution.将会有更多的污染。将会有更多的污染。【解析解析】pollute v.污染，玷污，亵渎（过去式：污染，玷污，亵渎（过去式：polluted 过去分词：过去分词：polluted 现在分词：现在分词：polluting 第三人称单数：pollutes）pollution n 污染（不可数名词）air pollution 空气污染 noise pollution 噪音污染water pollution 水污染 white pollution 白色污染Look!The _(pollute)is becoming worse and worse in this city.Air pollution has become_ than ever before.We must do something to stop it.A.serious B.more serious C.most seriousD.the most serious8.Will people use money in 100 years?一百年以后人们用钱吗？一百年以后人们用钱吗？【解析】“in+一段时间”“在以后”用于一般将来时对“in+一段时间”提问，用 how soon(多久以后)提问()My mother has gone to Hong Kong.She will be back _ a week.A.after B.for C.in D.from()How soon will you come back?_ a week.A.After B.In C.Before D.For_will Erics aunt be back?In half an hour.A.How soon B.How often C.How longin 100 years 100 年以后in 与与 after 的区别的区别in 是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态；after 常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。当 after 指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。例句：Ill be back in half an hour.我半小时后就回来.本句中的 in 作以后解，不能用 after 代替。after 和 in 都可以表示以后的意思，其区别是：1）after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子。例如：初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 4 页 共 28 页They started working after lunch.他们是午餐后开始工作的。The film was shown after the meeting.电影是会议结束以后放的。2）in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。如：They will start working in half an hour.他们将在半小时后开始工作。The film will be shown in 2 or 3 days.这部电影将在两三天后上映。3）在某个特定的时间以后，after 也可用于将来时态的句子。例如：They will start working after 10 am.他们将在上午 10 点以后开始工作。The film will be shown after 5 oclock.这部电影将于 4 点以后上映。4)“after+一段时间一段时间”或或“一段时间一段时间+later”表示表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后间之后”。He went home after two days.他两天后回家了。Three years later，she had a baby.三年后，她生了一个婴儿。Later 是副词，表示是副词，表示一段时间之后一段时间之后，构成，构成一段时间一段时间+later短语，用于过去时；短语，用于过去时；如果单独使用，可与将来时或过去时连用。如果单独使用，可与将来时或过去时连用。例句：例句：Nine months later they were discovered.九个月之后，他们被发现了。9.I think there will be more tall buildings.我认为将会有更多的高楼大厦。我认为将会有更多的高楼大厦。【解析】build built built v building n 建筑()We have been planning _ a bridge.A.build B.to build C.building D.to building10.There will be（more/less/fewer）pollution.将会有更多将会有更多/更少的污染更少的污染【解析】There be 句型的将来时态：(1)There is going to be (2)There will be肯定句There will be否定句There will not/wont be一般疑问句及回答Will there be?Yes,there will/No,there wont be特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+will there be?There _a sports meet in our school next week.A.is B.will have C.are D.will beMike，you look so excited！Yeah!There _ a tennis game played by Li Na this evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.is going to have D.are going to be.Mike，you look so excited！Yeah!There _ a tennis game played by Li Na this evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.is going to have D.are going to beThere _ be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.A.are going to B.will have C.has D.is going to11.Do you think there will be robots in peoples home.你认为人们的家里会有机器人吗？【解析】in peoples home 在家里12.There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger.初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 5 页 共 28 页将会有更少的树木，环境将会处于非常危险的状态。将会有更少的树木，环境将会处于非常危险的状态。【解析】danger n 危险 dangerous adj.危险的in danger“处于危险中处于危险中”【反义词】out of danger“脱离危险”.Dont get close to the big dog.Its_(危险的).Though many of the young people has realized _,they dont want to give up smoking.(吸烟的危害)【拓展】in need 急需；in trouble 处于困境 in fact 事实上 in fear 害怕Though many children get Mr.Guos help,_（事实上），his family is not rich enough.That is a monkey on his back.Lets help him.A.He has a monkey B.He likes playing with the monkeyC.He is in trouble D.He is good at studying13.Will we have to move to other planets?我们将不得不搬到其他星球吗？我们将不得不搬到其他星球吗？【解析 1】have to“必须”，后接动词原形，强调被迫性，有人称和数的变化。否定形式：dont have to/didnt have to=needntDad,must we wait until the light becomes green?Yes,Im afraid we_.Thats the traffic rule.A.can B.may C.have to D.need【解析 2】move to+地点 搬到某地 （如果接地点副词，to 要省略）He moved there last year.be like 像像.样子样子What the weather will be like tomorrow?move to 搬到某地 He is going to move to shanghai in the future.move 移动 He saw a strange thing moving in the sky14.Books will only be on computer.not on the paper.书籍将只（存储）在电脑上，而不是（印刷）在纸上。【解析】on computer 用计算机，通过计算机on 的用法：on+电器或媒介on TV 通过电视 on the phone 在电话中on the radio 通过无线电 on the Internet 在网上 Maybe you should call him up.But I dont want to talk with him_ the phone.A.on B.at C.in D.with15.People will live to be 200 years old?人们将会活到人们将会活到 200 岁吗？岁吗？【解析】v.live 活，生活（过去式：lived 过去分词：lived 现在分词：living 第三人称单数:lives）He lived to see the first talking pictures.他在有生之年看到了最早的有声电影。相关句型/结构(1)live to be+基数词+years old “活到岁”People will live to be 200 years old.初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 6 页 共 28 页人们将能活到 200 岁。()He is sure to live _ ninety years old.A.to B.to be C.in D.A and B(2)live on sth.“靠为生”live on sb.靠某人生活Most of Asians live on rice.多数亚洲人以大米为主食。(3)live by 靠(手段)谋生()The old man lives _ teaching.A.in B.on C.by D.with(4)live in+地点 居住在某地(5)live on+具体某一层 He lives on the eighteenth floor.()Where do you live?I live _ the tenth floor _ the tall building.A.in;in B.in;on C.on;in D.in;by16.But I want to live on the earth.但是我想住在地球上。但是我想住在地球上。【解析】on the earth 在地球上 【注】世界上独一无二的事物前必须加定冠词 the on earth 究竟，到底()The teacher said _ earth moves around _ the sun.A.an;a B.an;the C.the;the D.a;aon the earth “在地球上”，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。on earth 作“到底；究竟”讲时，常放在 what，when 等疑问词之后，以加强问句的语气。17.We can use less water and plant more trees.Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.我们可以节约用水，多种树。我们可以节约用水，多种树。每个人都应加入到拯救地球的行动中每个人都应加入到拯救地球的行动中【解析 1】plant trees 植树A lot of trees _around here every year，and we can enjoy fresher air nowAwere planted Bare planted Cwill plant Dare planting【解析 2】play a part in sth/doing sth 参与做某事基本用法play a part in 表示“参加，参与”，常用于参加讨论、旅行、比赛、战斗、庆祝等群众性的活动，其用法等同于 take part in。如：Its the first time to play a/take part in the activity.这是第一次参加这个活动。play a part in 还表示”起.作用“。Internet plays a very important part in peoples life now.因特网在人们现在的生活中起着很重要的作用。18.I sometimes see blue skies in my city,but in the future.我有时在我们的城市看到我们的蓝天，但是在未来我有时在我们的城市看到我们的蓝天，但是在未来.【解析】future n“将来，未来”。He was making plans for the future.他正在为将来制订计划。future 经常用于短语 in the future 中，表示：在未来。用于将来时态No one can tell what will happen in the future.初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 7 页 共 28 页谁也无法预见到将来会发生什么事。in the future 在将来，用于将来时态in future=from now on 从今以后in the future在将来；在未来指距离现在时间较长的某一时间I think I will be a lawyer in the future.in future今后；以后指距离现在时间较短的将来的某一时间，相当于 from now onI will work hard in future.【记】长（in the future）的长（距离现在时间长）短（in future）的短（距离现在时间短）()What do you want to be _ when you grow up?An actor,I think.A.in future B.in the future C.at the future D.on the future19.Families usually spend time together on weekends,but maybe in 200 years家庭成员通常在周末共度时光，但或许在 200 年后【解析】in+时间段“在之后”，常用于一般将来时对“in+时间段”提问用 how soon,“多久以后”_ can you finish this English exam?In about one and a half hours.A.How far B.How often C.How soon D.How long20.辨析：辨析：some times sometime some time sometimessome times 几次（倍）He has been to shanghai some timessometime 某时 Maybe we can talk about it sometime next weeksometimes 有时候 Sometimes he goes to school by bus.some time 一段时 You can watch TV for some time after finishing homework.Section B&Self Check21.on a space station.在太空站在太空站n.space 空间，太空，一般情况下不与冠词连用，但如果 space 前有表示太空状况的形容词（如 dark,cold,airless 等）修饰，则可与冠词连用。如：The earth travels around the sun in space.地球在太空中围绕太阳旋转。(1)space 作作太空太空讲时，是不可数名词；作讲时，是不可数名词；作空间，空地空间，空地讲时，可与讲时，可与 room 互换。互换。in space 在天空(2)room 作作房间房间讲时是可数名词；作讲时是可数名词；作空间，地方空间，地方讲时是不可数名词，指可以容纳东西讲时是不可数名词，指可以容纳东西或其他目的而可占据、使用的空间。或其他目的而可占据、使用的空间。make room for.为为.腾出空间腾出空间 There isnt enough _ for us in the lift.No hurry.Lets wait for the next.A.ground B.floor C.place D.room(3)place 可数名词，指某一具体“地方，地点”()Is there any _ for me?I want a good_.This way,pleaseA.space;room B.room;space C.place;room D.room;place 22.Today there are already robots working in factories.现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 8 页 共 28 页already 基本用法adv.already 已经，常位于句中，在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词之后。如：He already knows it.他已经知道了这件事。I have already decided to do the job.我已经决定做这份工作。23.For example,scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are.比如，比如，科学家詹姆斯。怀特认为机器人不能够自己醒来并知道自己身在何处。科学家詹姆斯。怀特认为机器人不能够自己醒来并知道自己身在何处。【解析】be able to/can 能(1)be able to 能够，会，后接动词原形有人称、时态和数的变化Were able _(have)our own robots.(2)can 情态动词，无人称和数的变化，过去式 couldbe able to 与 can：相同 点：两者后跟原形动词。区别：1.can 是情态动词，无人称与数的变化。过去式是 could.be able to 可与情态动词连用，can 却不能。,I shall be able to speak English well.2.be able to 可用在不定式之后，而 can 却不能。,I hope to be able to go shopping with you on Sunday.3.be able to 的过去式还有表示过去经过努力而做到的意思，而 could 没有这种意思。He studied hard and was able to pass the exam.4.can 表示请求和允许，以及猜测，而 be able to 却无此用法。,Mr Smith cant be at home.Can I carry your bag?5.当表示现在或过去的能力时，两者可通用。,No one was able to/could answer the question.-Pauline has lost her phone.No.Its in her bag.I _ hear it.A.mustB.canC.may D.shall24.24.Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future.有些科学家相信将来会有更多的机器人。有些科学家相信将来会有更多的机器人。believe 基本用法v.believe 相信；认为（过去式：believed 过去分词：believed 现在分词：believing 第三人称单数：believes）常用于如下结构中：believe sb.相信某人说的话believe sth.相信某事的真实性believe(that)从句表达一种想法，其中 that 可省略。Do you believe his story?你相信他说的话吗？I believe that he has left?我认为他已经离开了。初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 9 页 共 28 页 知识拓展-相关句型I believe not.我认为不会的。I believe so.我认为是这样。注意：believe 的宾语从句若是否定式，需发生“否定前移”，其用法同 think。I dont believe he is telling the truth.我认为他没有说实话。25.However,they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他们一致认为这可能要花费数百年的时间。然而，他们一致认为这可能要花费数百年的时间。【解析 1】agree v 同意 agreement n 同意(1)agree with sb.“同意某人”或“某人的意见看法”The summer holiday is on the way.Well have more freedom._.But we should learn to manage ourselves.Id love to B.I agree with you C.Im afraid I wont(2)agree to do sth.同意做某事 I agree to meet him tomorrow.(3)agree on+计划“就取得一致意见”I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents._.They often use them to play games instead.A.I hope so B.I dont agree C.No problem D.Good idea【解析 2】hundred 百 thousand 千 million 百万+n 复数hundreds of+n 复数 thousands of+n 复数【记】：具体不加 s 也不加 of two hundred students不具体的加 s，也加 of hundreds of students How many people were invited to the meeting?About six _.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds ofWe planted _ trees last year.A.hundreds of B.hundred of C.five hundred D.five hundred ofSam enjoyed collecting.He has collected over three _stamps.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of26.They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.它们帮着做家务，以及做一些在肮脏或是危险环境中从事的工作。它们帮着做家务，以及做一些在肮脏或是危险环境中从事的工作。【解析】help v 帮助 helpful adj.有帮助的A little wine will not be _ to your health.Just dont drink too much.A.helpful B.helpless C.harmful D.harmlesshelp sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事.I cant find my English book.Could you help _ find it?A.her B.him C.me D.them(2)with the help of sb.=with ones help 在某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在的帮助之下()_ your help,we couldnt catch the thief.A.With B.Under C.For D.Without(4)cant help doing sth 情不自禁的做某事(5)help oneself to 请随便吃初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳初二英语上册第七单元知识归纳第 10 页 共 28 页.James,help_(you)to some salad,its just behind you.Help _ to some fish,Jeff.A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself【解析 2】do housework=do chores 作家务Mrs.White does a lot of _(housework)every day.27.Scientists are now trying to make robots look like humans and do the same things as we do.科学家们现在正努力制造仿真机器人,让他们与我们做同样的事。【解析 1】try v 试图，努力，尽力做某事try on 试穿 try out 试用 have a try=want a go 试一试(1)try to do sth 尽力做某事(2)try doing sth 试图做某事(3)try ones best to do sth=do ones best to do sth 竭尽全力做某事Many children are left alone in the countryside.Lets try our best_ them.A.help B.