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(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知识点题库
单选题
1、People ________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum.
A.WhoB.whichC.whomD.whose
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:有兴趣探索艺术与科学之间关系的人将参观新加坡艺术科学博物馆。分析句子可知,people为先行词,作定语从句interest的定语,关系代词为whose。故选D项。
2、We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south.
A.whoseB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句,先行词为a classroom,关系词在从句中充当定语成分,表示the classroom's,应用whose。故选A项。
3、I wish to thank Mrs. Smith, without ______help I would never make so much progress.
A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我要感谢史密斯太太,没有她的帮助,我决不会取得这么大的进步。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 Mrs. Smith,在从句中作定语,应用whose,故选B。
4、With much heat __________ from the sun, the panels __________ it into energy __________the building.
A.capturing; dominate; poweredB.capturing; convert; powered
C.captured; dominate; poweringD.captured; convert; powering
答案:D
考查过去分词、现在分词和固定搭配。句意:利用从太阳捕获的大量热量,电池板将其转化为能源,为建筑提供动力。分析句子可知,第一空作宾补,表示与宾语heat之间的被动关系,所以应填其过去分词形式captured;第二空填谓语动词,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,convert...into...为固定搭配,表示“将......转换为......”,符合语境,dominate“统治,支配”,不合语境;第三空填现在分词powering作后置定语,表示“提供动力”,修饰名词energy,表示与其逻辑主语energy之间的主动关系。故选D项。
5、I can never understand the reason _______ he explained to me.
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我不明白他向我解释的原因。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句关系词,先行词reason在从句中充当explain的宾语,应用关系代词which/that,故选B项。
小提示:本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步:找出先行词;分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:
1 .找出先行词:reason
2 .分析先行词在从句中充当的成分:先行词reason在从句_______ he explained to me中充当宾语,应用关系代词which/that
3 .考虑特殊情况:无
故选B项。
6、Do you know anything about the accident _________ in the street yesterday?
A.happenedB.was happening
C.which happenedD.which was happened
答案:C
考查定语从句和时态。句意:你是否了解有关昨天在街上发生的那起事故的情况?填空部分是定语从句的主语和谓语部分,先行词是the accident,指物,关系词在从句中做主语,用关系代词which,结合时间状语yesterday可知,从句谓语happen为一般过去时,不及物动词happen不能变为被动。故选C项。
7、The exact year ________ Lucia and her family spent together in China was ________ the Beijing Olympic Games was held.
A.which; whereB.when; when
C.which; whenD.when; that
答案:C
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:露西亚和她的家人在中国度过的那一年正是北京奥运会举办的那一年。分析可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词是year,指物,从句中的spent 缺少宾语,应用关系代词which/that引导;第二空引导表语从句,从句需要时间状语,应用when引导。综上,故选C。
小提示:
8、The boy is always found______in reading books.
A.to buryB.buryingC.buriedD.buries
答案:C
考查过去分词作主语补足语。句意:男孩总是被发现埋头读书。be buried in是“埋头于”,find sb done“发现某人被”的被动是:sb be found done,过去分词作主语补足语。故选C。
9、Let’s take steps to stop ________ natural resources at such an alarming speed.
A.depletingB.enrichingC.conservingD.supplying
答案:A
考查动词词义辨析。句意:让我们采取措施,停止以如此惊人的速度消耗自然资源。A. depleting消耗; B. enriching丰富; C. conserving保存; D. supplying提供。根据句意可知,应是停止“消耗”自然资源,故选A。
10、The Battle at Lake Chang jin (《长津湖》) is the most inspiring movie _______ I have ever seen.
A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:《长津湖》是我看过的最鼓舞人心的电影。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“movie”,指物,前面有形容词最高级修饰,在从句中作宾语,故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故选D项。
11、The war and the suffering ________ caused had great effects on him.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
答案:D
考查代词。句意:战争和战争所造成的痛苦对他有很大的影响。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为the war and the suffering,谓语动词为had,主谓之间为限定性定语从句,修饰名词suffering;根据句意分析,是“战争”带来了痛苦,先行词suffering,为物,在定语从句中作caused的宾语,从句可用关系代词that或which引导,也可省略关系代词;但是定语从句还缺少主语the war,此处选指示代词it,指代the war。本句完整的表达为:The war and the suffering (that/which) it caused had great effects on him. 故选D项。
12、A sport with a broom on ice ________ requires bowling ________ makes curling one of the most unique sports out there.
A.that … precisionB.that … diversity
C./ … precisionD./ … diversity
答案:A
考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。句意:冰壶是一项要求精准度的运动,它在冰上要使用冰刷,这使得冰壶成为最独特的运动之一。precision 精准度;diversity 多样性。第一个空处考查限定性定语从句,先行词是sport,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which,且不能省略;第二个空处考查名词词义辨析,根据常识可知,冰壶要求精准度,应用名词precision。故选A项。
13、One day, an idea ________ Waters that maybe her cooking could help her make some money.
A.struckB.beatC.occurredD.recalled
答案:A
考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,沃特斯突然想到,也许她的厨艺可以帮她赚些钱。A. struck击打,突然想到;B. beat打败;C. occurred出现,(想法)产生;D. recalled回想起。根据句意可知,句中表达了“突然想到……”的含义,需要用到sth. strikes sb.或sth. occurs to sb.来表示;此处为一般过去时,所以动词要用过去式。故选A项。
14、The solider ______ arms are missing in the battle has just got a first class merit.
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:那个在战斗中失去手臂的士兵刚刚获得一等功勋。分析句子可知,空处引导一个限制性定语从句,代替先行词solider,指人,在从句中充当定语修饰从句主语arms,所以应填关系代词whose。故选A项。
15、Stores sell pet pants and bikinis, and doctors will perform cosmetic surgery ________your pet needs a facelift.
A.in caseB.even thoughC.as ifD.ever since
答案:A
考查状语从句。句意:商店出售宠物裤和比基尼,如果你的宠物需要整容,医生会给它做整容手术。A. in case假如,如果;B. even though虽然,即使;C. as if犹如,好似;D. ever since从那时起。根据句意,“your pet needs a facelift”是“doctors will perform cosmetic surgery”的条件,应用in case引导条件状语从句。故选A项。
16、Andrew is a brilliant student, ________ is sure to succeed in whatever career he chooses.
A.and whoB.oneC.and oneD.one who
答案:D
考查同位语及定语从句。句意:Andrew是一个聪明的学生,无论他选择什么职业,他都一定会成功。根据句子结构可知,此句是非限制性定语从句。用one作Andrew的同位语,引导词指代one和Andrew,且在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句,故选D。
17、In China, many modern cities have excellent subway systems ______ can take people everywhere in the city.
A.whatB.whereC.whichD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:在中国,许多现代城市都有完善的地铁系统,可以把人们带到城市的任何地方。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是systems,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选C。
18、Matter is anything ______.
A.that take up space and have weightB.which take up space and have weight
C.that takes up space and has weightD.those take up space and have weight
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:物质是任何占据空间并有重量的东西。分析句子结构可知,anything后跟定语从句,anything是不定代词,其后的关系代词只能用that不能用which,因此排除选项B和D,that指代先行词anything,是不定代词,由is可知,句子时态是一般现在时,因此其后谓语动词用第三人称单数,因此空格处是that takes up space and has weight,故选C。
19、After several ______ to climb Qomolangma, he finally reached the top of it.
A.attemptsB.attacksC.chaptersD.disasters
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:经过几次攀登珠峰的尝试,他终于登上了山顶。A. attempts尝试;B. attacks攻击;C. chapters(书的)章,篇,回;D. disasters灾难。根据后文“he finally reached the top of it”可知,他最终到达顶峰,所以应该是经过几次尝试了。故选A项。
20、The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A.who’sB.whoseC.thatD.of which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:穿黑色外套的那个人正在门口等着。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是man,关系词在从句中作定语,和coat是所属关系,应用whose引导。故选B项。
21、The prize will go to the writer ________story shows the most imagination.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:该奖将授予故事表现出最丰富想象力的作家。分析句子可知, writer为先行词,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose。故选C项。
22、But since test scores still________gaokao(college entrance exam), it may be difficult to completely________private tutoring institutions that help students cram for exams.
A.deliver … wrap upB.decide … stick to
C.dominate … root outD.depend … throw out
答案:C
考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意:但由于高考成绩仍占主导地位,可能很难彻底根除帮助学生备考的私人辅导机构。A. deliver 投递、wrap up包裹、圆满完成;B. decide决定、stick to坚持;C. dominate占主导地位、root out根除;D. depend取决于、throw out扔掉。根据句意,因为高考仍然以考试成绩为主,所以很难彻底根除帮助学生备考的私人辅导机构,所以第一空表示“占主导地位”;第二空表示“根除”,故选C。
23、—Tomorrow is Teachers’ Day. What is your surprise for our English teacher?
—The first thing ________ I will do is to make an English card for her.
A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:——明天是教师节。你给我们的英语老师什么惊喜?——我要做的第一件事是给她做一张英语卡。该空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是thing,被序数词first修饰,指物,关系词在从句中作宾语,只用关系代词that。故选D项。
24、The house, ___________I bought last year, needs to be repaired.
A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when
答案:A
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我去年买的房子需要修理。分析句子结构可知,非限制性定语从句当中缺少宾语,先行词是the house,所以应用关系代词which来引导。故选A。
25、Have you bought the same book________ I referred to yesterday?
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.as
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:你买了我昨天提到的那本书了吗?分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是the same book,在从句中作to的宾语,the same…as…(和……一样),句中应由as引导定语从句。故选D项。
26、Sophia Scott started a free tutoring service to help anyone ________ had difficulty catching up.
A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:索菲亚·斯科特开始了一项免费辅导服务,帮助赶上有困难的人。句中先行词为anyone,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who引导。故选D。
27、________in a story book, the girl didn’t notice the stranger.
A.BuryingB.BuriedC.To buryD.Having buried
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:沉迷于故事书中,这个女孩没有注意到这个陌生人。分析句子结构可知,动词bury在句中作状语成分,和主语the girl之间是被动关系,需使用过去分词buried,be buried in专心于。故选B。
28、It is very important to remain________in an emergency.
A.calmB.stillC.quietD.silent
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在紧急情况下保持冷静是非常重要的。A. calm镇静的;B. still静止的;C. quiet安静的;D. silent沉默的。根据an emergency,结合常识可知,遇到突发情况时应保持镇静。故选A。
29、We sell a lot of products abroad and the opportunity to open-up markets in regions ________ we don’t currently sell a lot to is a great one.
A.whereB.thatC.whatD.when
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我们在海外销售了很多产品,在目前销量不大的地区打开市场的机会非常大。空处引导定语从句,先行词regions,指物,在定语从句中作宾语,需用关系代词that引导。故选B。
30、Those ______ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but not scared off.
A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whom
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词Those指人,因此空格处用关系代词who,故选B。
完成句子
31、谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。
He________ ________ ________, laughs best.
答案: who laughs last
考查定语从句和动词时态。依据空后的laughs best及句意可知此处为客观陈述,谓语动词应用一般现在时,空处为定语从句,修饰句子主语He ,引导词在句中作主语,应用关系代词who,表示“笑到最后”应用laugh last,He为单数,从句谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,所以空处应填who laughs last。故答案为who laughs last。
32、工作人员为那些家已被毁的幸存者建造住所。
Workers built shelters for survivors________.
答案:whose homes had been destroyed
考查定语从句和时态。根据句意可知,此处涉及定语从句,先行词为 survivors,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose,定语从句为过去完成时的被动语态,主语为homes,谓语为had been destroyed。故填whose homes had been destroyed。
33、仿佛到了世界末日。
It seemed________ the world were coming to an end.
答案:as if
考查连词。对比中英文句子,表达“仿佛”可用as if,此处引导表语从句。故填as if。
小提示:
34、是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话的感觉就好像这事是我做的呢?
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__________?
答案:had done it
考查虚拟语气。分析句意再根据as if可知,此处为虚拟语气在as if从句中的应用,再根据上文的was可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的虚拟,所以用过去完成时。故答案为had done it。
35、狗把骨头埋在花园里。
The dog had __________________ in the garden.
答案:buried its bone
考查时态。根据汉语提示可知,“埋在”译为“bury”在句子中作谓语动词。跟句子主语the dog是主动关系,与空格前的had构成过去完成时,所以谓语结构为had buried。“骨头”译为“bone”,又根据句意可知,此处指“它的骨头”,故在bone前加上形容词性物主代词its。故填buried its bone。
36、我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常弄出很多噪声。
I live next door to a couple ________.
答案:whose children often make a lot of noise
考查定语从句和时态。此处为whose引导的定语从句修饰先行词couple,先行词 a couple 在从句中作定语;从句主语为复数名词children,表示“经常弄出很多噪音”应用often make a lot of noise。为一般现在时。故填whose children often make a lot of noise。
37、我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。
I also have a friend________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: whom/who I trust a lot
考查定语从句、动词时态和副词。空处为定语从句,先行词为friend,先行词在句中作宾语,关系代词应用who/whom;表示“信任”应用动词trust,在从句中作谓语,friend为单数,且此处为客观陈述,所以应用动词原形trust;表示“非常”应用短语a lot,作状语,修饰动词trust,所以空处应填whom/who I trust a lot。故答案为whom/who I trust a lot。
38、他同他们说话,就当他们是孩子一样。
He talks to them ________________ children.
答案:as if they were
考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知用as if引导方式状语从句,表示“好像”,从句陈述的内容不是真实的情况,要用虚拟语气,根据“talks”判断此处是与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were),故填as if they were。
39、每天早晨他在户外散步一个小时。
Every morning he walks _______ _______ ________ _______ for an hour.
答案: in the open air
考查介词短语。根据汉语意思提示可知,此处为介词短语in the open air“在户外”作地点状语,满足句意要求。故分别填in;the;open;air。
40、为了隐藏他的悲伤,他说着笑着,似乎没有发生过任何事。(虚拟语气)
In order to __________, he talked and laughed ____________.
答案: hide his sadness as if nothing had happened
考查动词原形和虚拟语气。in order to do sth. (为了做某事),hide (隐藏)用动词原形形式,his sadness作宾语,as if (似乎、好像)引导方式状语从句,由talked and laughed 可知,与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词happen用过去完成时。故填①hide his sadness;②as if nothing had happened。
语法填空
41、On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates _________ make them appear happy and friendly. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which##that
考查定语从句。句意:在社交媒体网站上,人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐友好的积极消息。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是positive updates,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用which或that引导。故填which/that。
42、The soldiers were sent to the earthquake stricken area immediately to save the people ________ (trap) in the ruins. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:trapped
考查非谓语动词。句意:士兵们立即被派往地震灾区,营救被困在废墟中的人们。句中谓语动词为were sent,所以此处的动词trap要以非谓语的形式出现。动词trap和其逻辑主语the people之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词trapped作后置定语,修饰the people。故填trapped。
43、The boy and the dog ________ are in the picture are very lovely. (按要求补全句子)
答案:that
考查定语从句。句意:照片里的男孩和狗都很可爱。此处为定语从句修饰先行词The boy and the dog,先行词在从句中作主语,且既有人又有物,只能用that引导。故填that。
44、Without oxygen, the brain ________(damage) quickly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is damaged
考查动词语态。句意:没有氧气,大脑很快就会受损。句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语与damage是逻辑动宾关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数。故填is damaged。
45、I stood by the door, not ________ (dare) to say a word. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:daring
考查非谓语动词。句意:我站在门口一句话也不敢说。句中有谓语动词stood by且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词形式,dare意为“敢于”,动词词性,“dare to do sth.”意为“敢于做某事”,句子主语I与dare为逻辑上的主动关系,故应用dare的现在分词daring,在句中作状语,句中daring前加not表示否定。故填daring。
46、Though__________(suffer) such a heavy loss,the boss didn’t lose the courage to go on with his business.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:suffering
考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管遭受了巨大的损失,老板也没有失去继续他的事业的勇气。分析句子可知,此处应用非谓语动词和though一起构成让步状语,suffer一般只有主动形式,故应用现在分词,故填suffering。
47、________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:Affected
考查过去分词。句意:受一场重病的影响,他不能再清楚地说话,他知道没有康复的希望了。分析句子成分可知,设空处应填非谓语动词做原因状语。affect是及物动词,意为:影响,与主语he是逻辑被动关系,且该动作已经完成,故应用过去分词形式。故填Affected。
48、His village __________(flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents’ house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:had been flooded
考查时态和语态。句意:他的村庄被大雨淹没了,所以他搬到了父母家。分析句子,moved使用过去式形式,为一般过去时,结合语意,“他的村庄被淹没”这一动作发生在“他搬到父母家”之前,为“过去的过去”,所以空处应用过去完成时,且flood与主语his village之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been flooded。
49、Those _______ have gained fame become well-known. (用适当的词填空)
答案:who
考查限制性定语从句。句意:那些获得了名声的人变得家喻户晓。分析句子可知,空处引导一个限制性定语从句,修饰先行词those,指人,在从句中充当主语,用关系代词who来引导。故填who。
50、The suggestion ________ he came up with is practical. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that##which##不填
考查定语从句。句意:他提出的建议很实际。“_________ he came up with”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the suggestion,指物,且从句缺少宾语,应用that或which来引导,此处也可以省略关系代词,故填that/which/不填。
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