黄花蒿的化学成分与药理作用研究进展及质量标志物的预测分析.pdf

Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究黄花蒿的化学成分与药理作用研究进展及质量标志物的预测分析郭源辉1，2，3，4，刘婕1，2，3，4，刘传鑫1，2，3，4，姜宏卫1，2，3，4（1.河南科技大学临床医学院 洛阳 471003；2.河南科技大学第一附属医院内分泌代谢中心 洛阳 471003；3.河南省遗传罕见病医学重点实验室 洛阳 471003；4.国家代谢性疾病临床医学研究中心洛阳分中心 洛阳 471003）摘要：黄花蒿为一味传统中药，历史悠久，始载于 五十二病方。近年来备受国内外研究者关注，已成为热点研究中药之一。黄花蒿化学成分多样，药理活性广泛。本文以中药质量标志物理论体系为指导，结合现今研究成果，对黄花蒿质量标志物进行预测分析，为黄花蒿质量控制、药效评价与机制研究提供参考。关键词：黄花蒿 质量标志物 倍半萜类 黄酮类 挥发油类doi:10.11842/wst.20220429002 中图分类号:R285 文献标识码:A黄花蒿（Artemisia annua Linn.）又名青蒿，在亚洲地区被广泛用作香料和药用植物1-2。黄花蒿为菊科蒿属一年生草本植物，地上干燥部分入药。其性苦、辛、寒，归肝、胆经；具有清虚热、解暑热、除骨蒸、截疟等功效，有效治疗温邪伤阴、阴虚发热、夜热早凉、湿热黄疸、暑邪发热等证 3。黄花蒿主要活性成分有倍半萜类、黄酮类和挥发油类，具有免疫调节、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化等药理活性。长久以来社会对于黄花蒿需求巨大，但市面上黄花蒿产品种类繁多、质量参差不齐，严重影响中药临床疗效。中药材质量控制为中药临床使用有效性、安全性的保障与基础。但是，2020年版 中国药典 仅对黄花蒿水分、总灰分和无水乙醇浸出物进行含量限定，其标准制定有所欠缺，缺乏指标性成分控制中药质量，于当下并不适用。黄花蒿质量控制体系的建立刻不容缓。黄花蒿的化学成分、药理作用、生长培育、基因分析等领域已得到广泛而充分的研究，但基于质量标志物的研究尚有空缺。本文基于现有文献，系统整合黄花蒿化学成分、药理活性研究，根据质量标志物的概念原则，从亲缘性及特有性、传统功效、传统药性、可测性等预测分析黄花蒿质量标志物评价指标，以期为黄花蒿资源合理利用和质量控制体系建立提供思路。1化学成分黄花蒿化学成分主要有倍半萜类、挥发油类、黄酮类、脂肪酸类、多酚类、香豆素类和酯类等。经液相色谱-质谱联用仪（Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer，LC-MS）和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer，GC-MS）分析成分发现，倍半萜类35%、芳香族类29%、三萜类6%、甾体类6%、脂肪酸类6%、酚类5%、脂肪族类4%、生物碱类3%、杂环类2%、其他4%（GC-MS）；黄酮类和萜类（LC-MS）4。1.1倍半萜类倍半萜类化合物是一类由三个异戊二烯单元组成，含有15个碳原子的化合物，具有分子上独特组合。青蒿素是一种特殊的倍半萜成分，为我国首创的抗疟新药5。黄花蒿还有含量较少的倍半萜类化合物如脱氢青蒿素6和脱氧青蒿素7。黄花蒿中倍半萜类化合物见表1和图1。收稿日期：2022-04-29 修回日期：2022-07-04 河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目（LHGJ20200570）：双氢青蒿素通过抑制TGF-/Smads 信号通路改善db/db小鼠糖尿病肾病纤维化，主持人：刘婕。通讯作者：刘传鑫，博士，主要研究方向：分析毒理学与代谢组学研究；姜宏卫，博士，主任医师，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向：内分泌系统疾病研究。1309 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 表1黄花蒿中的倍半萜类化合物12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849Farnesol2,6,10-Farnesatrien-1-ol acetateFarnesyl pyrophosphateFarnesaltrans-nerolidol(E)-nerolidyl acetatetrans-farnesene(Z)-1,3(15),6,10-farnesatetraene-farnesene-bisabololcis-lanceol2,7,10-bisabolatriene2,3-epoxy-7,10-bisaboladiene7-oxabicyclo4.1.0heptane,4-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-ylidene)-1-methyl-(1R,4Z,6S)(+)-Germacrene AGermacrene BGermacrene D1-hydroxy-4(15),5(E),10(14)-germacratrienePregeijerene-elemene-elemene-elemeneElemolElemyl acetate-humulene14-hydroxy-humuleneHumulene epoxide IHumulene epoxide II-caryophyllene-caryophyllene(1R,3Z,9S)-bicyclo7.2.0undec-3-ene,4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-Caryophylladienol ICaryophylladienol IICaryophyllene oxidecis-caryophyllene oxide-selinene5-hydroxy-eudesma-4(15),11-diene5-hydroperoxy-eudesma-4(15),11-diene1,6-Dihydroxy-4(15)-eudesmane1-Hydroxy-4(15),5-eudesmadiene1-Hydroxy-4(15),7-eudesmadiene-selinene-eudesmol-selineneKongolSelina-4,11-diene-eudesmol10-epi-eudesmolOccidentalol法尼醇N/A法尼基焦磷酸金合欢醛右旋反式橙花叔醇（E）-醋酸奈利酯反式-金合欢烯N/A-金合欢烯-红没药醇cis-澳白檀醇N/AN/AN/A（+）-大香叶烯A大香叶烯B大香叶烯DN/A二甲基环癸三烯-榄香烯-榄香烯-榄香烯榄香醇乙酸榄香酯-蛇麻烯14-羟基-律草烯草烯环氧化物草烯环氧化物-丁子香烯-丁子香烯N/A丁香二烯醇I丁香二烯醇II氧化石竹烯顺式石竹烯氧化物-芹子烯N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A-芹子烯-桉叶醇-芹子烯N/AN/A-桉叶油醇N/A金钟柏醇4602-84-04128-17-013058-04-319317-11-47212-44-485611-33-277129-48-728973-97-9502-61-4515-69-5147129-37-158845-44-6111536-37-994347-02-128028-64-015423-57-123986-74-5N/A20082-17-133880-83-029873-99-220307-84-0639-99-660031-93-86753-98-6108043-85-219888-33-619888-34-787-44-5118-65-0136296-35-019431-80-219431-79-91139-30-660594-23-217066-67-0N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A515-17-3473-15-4473-13-216641-47-717627-30-41209-71-815051-81-7473-17-68910911911891213148121581116179818911119199111220141416181116161616161919211110999序号化合物名称中文名CAS编号文献下转续表1310 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究50515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798Occidentalol acetateOccidolArtemisin-hydroxysantoninArtemisinol-cadinene14-hydroxy-cadinene4(15),5,11-cadinatriene-cadinene-cadinene-cadinene-cadinol-cadinolcis-calameneneCubenolepi-cubenol-muurolene-muurolene4-muurolen-10-olt-muurolol4,7(11)-amorphadien-12-al4(15),11-amorphadien-9-one(-)-amorpha-4,11-diene4-amorphene-3,7-diol(3,7)4-amorphene-3,7-diol(3,7),acetate4-amorphen,3,11-diol4-amorphen,3,11-diol-3-(2-methylpropanoyl)Amorph-4-en-7-olAnnulidetrans-arteannuic alcoholcis-arteannuic alcoholArtemisinic aldehydeArteannuin AArteannuin BArteannuin EArteannuin FArteannuin HArteannuin IArteannuin JArteannuin KArteannuin LArteannuin MArteannuin OArteannuin NArtemisinic acidArtemisinic acid methyl esterArtemisinin B6,7-dehydroartemisinic acidDeoxyarteannuin B金钟柏醇醋酸酯金钟醇苦艾素-羟色胺青蒿醇-杜松烯N/AN/A-杜松烯-杜松烯-杜松烯-杜松醇-杜松醇cis-菖蒲萜烯库贝醇epi-荜澄茄油烯醇-依兰油烯-依兰油烯N/At-依兰醇N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A黄花蒿内酯反式阿替尼醇顺式青蒿醇青蒿醛青蒿素A青蒿素B青蒿素E青蒿素F青蒿素H青蒿素I青蒿素J青蒿素K青蒿素L青蒿素M青蒿素O青蒿素N青蒿酸N/A青蒿素BN/A脱氧青蒿素B346608-97-75986-36-7N/AN/A82890-78-6483-76-1153408-92-554274-73-624406-05-1523-47-739029-41-9481-34-550895-55-172937-55-421284-22-019912-67-530021-74-01136-29-45937-11-119912-62-067604-12-0159662-31-492692-39-2N/AN/A159662-32-5159662-30-3140385-39-3103739-95-3125184-95-4147648-62-2125276-60-082442-48-650906-56-482003-84-792691-97-9207446-83-1207446-85-3207446-87-5207446-88-6207446-89-7207446-90-0382600-19-3207446-92-280286-58-482869-24-7145941-07-7120193-24-0128301-55-39922232411925269181119181117278121128281029162828302999103132313133343433333333353629363729续表序号化合物名称中文名CAS编号文献下转续表1311 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 99100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146Epi-deoxyarteannuin BDihydroarteannuin B11R-(-)-dihydroartemisinic acidDihydroartemisinic acid hydroperoxideDihydroartemisinic alcoholDihydroartemisinic aldehydeDihydro-deoxyarteannuin BDihydro-epi-deoxyarteannuin BDihydroxycadinanolide-Epoxyartemisinic acid-Epoxy-dihydroartemisinic4,5-epoxy-6-hydroxyamorphan-12-oic acidIsoannulide2-naphthalenol,decahydro-1-methyl-6methylene-4-(1-methylethenyl)Verboccidentene1-Aldehyde-2-3-butanone-3-methyl-6-2-propanoic acid-cyclohexane1-Aldehyde-2-3-butanone-3-methyl-6-2-propenoic acid-cyclohexaneArtemisininArteannuin GArtemisiteneArteannuin DDeoxyartemisinin3-Hydroxy-4,5-epoxy-7-oxo-(876-abeo-amorphaneNorannuic acidNorannuic acid formyl ester15-nor-10-Hydroxy-oplopan-4-oicacid1-Oxo-2-3-butanone-3-methyl-6-2-propanoic acid-cyclohexane1-Oxo-2-3-butanone-3-methyl-6-2-propanol formylester-cyclohexane-guaiene-guaiene-gurjuneneGuaiazulene-aromadendrene-gurjuneneGlobulolepi-globulolLedol(-)-spathulenolCycloprop7-8azuleno3a,4-boxirene,decahydro-1,4a,7,7-tetramethyl-(1R,6aR,7aR,7bS)Aromadendrene epoxideCyclocolorenoneCedrolCedryl acetateCedra-8(15)-en-9-olCedra-8(15)-en-9-ol acetate3-Cedren-12-olCedra-8-en-13-ol,acetate3,15-dihydroxy cedraneepi-脱氧青蒿素B双氢青蒿素B11R-(-)-二氢青蒿酸N/AN/A双氢青蒿素醛二氢脱氧青蒿素B二氢去氧青蒿素B二羟基二十烷醇内酯-环氧青蒿酸-环氧-双氢青蒿素N/A异壬内酯N/AN/AN/AN/A青蒿素青蒿素G青蒿烯青蒿素D脱氧青蒿素N/A去甲黄花蒿酸去甲黄花蒿酸甲酰酯N/AN/AN/A-愈创烯-愈创木烯-古芸烯愈创薁-香素烯-古芸烯蓝桉醇epi-蓝桉醇喇叭茶醇(-)-匙叶桉油烯醇N/A香素烯环氧化物环色酮雪松醇乙酸柏木酯N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A84237-06-964390-16-585031-59-085031-60-3855425-50-2N/AN/A104196-16-9N/AN/AN/AN/A103739-94-2159662-33-679982-58-4N/AN/A63968-64-9N/A101020-89-782003-85-872826-63-2N/A152135-59-6N/AN/AN/AN/A3691-12-188-84-622567-17-5N/A25246-27-9489-40-7489-41-888728-58-9577-27-577171-55-2N/A85710-39-0489-45-277-53-277-54-313567-41-4N/A18319-35-2N/AN/A383339401010344142341616292830161643161244311645161616161418121182511211411212119119999916续表序号化合物名称中文名CAS编号文献注：N/A：表示此项不可获取1312 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究1313 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 1314 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究1315 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 图1黄花蒿中的倍半萜类成分结构1316 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究1.2黄酮类黄酮类化合物含量较高，占比接近9%46，分为黄酮类、黄酮醇类和二氢黄酮类。黄花蒿黄酮类化合物可抑制体外过氧化自由基活性，具有抗肿瘤、保护心脑血管等作用46-48。某些黄酮类化合物可增强青蒿素抗疟性，其机制为提高血晶素和青蒿素的反应活 性49。黄 花 蒿 黄 酮 类 化 合 物 及 其 母 核 见 表 2和图2。表2黄花蒿中的黄酮类化合物123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627Salvigenin5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4-tetramethoxy-flavoneApigeninLuteolinIsovitexinLuteolin-7-O-glucuronideLuteolin-7-methyl etherGlucoluteolinChrysoeriolCirsimaritinCirsiliolEupatorin5-Hydroxy-3,4 6,7-Tetramethoxyflavone2,4,5-Trihydroxy-5 6,7-TrimethoxyflavoneKaempferol-3-O-glucosideRhamnocitrin4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,3-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)Quercetin 3-methyl etherIsoquercitrinQuercetin 3-rutinosideIsorhamnetin3-glucosideRhamnetinQuercimeritrinIsorhamnetinQuercetin 3-glucosideTamarixetinEupalitinAAAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBBBBBBOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHO-GlcOHOHOCH3O-GlcO-SugarO-GlcOHOHOHOHOHOHOCH3OCH3HHC-GlcHN/AN/AN/AOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OHOHN/AOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOCH3OCH3OHOHOHO-GlcAOCH3O-GlcOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3N/AN/AOCH3N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOCH3HOCH3HHHHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOHOCH3OCH3OHOHOHOHOCH3O-GlcOHOHOHOCH3HHHHHHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AHHHOHHOHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOHOHOCH3OHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOCH3OHOCH3OCH3OHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOCH3OCH3OHN/AN/AN/AOHOHOHOCH3OHOHOCH3O-GlcOHN/AHHHHHHOHOHOCH3N/AOHOHOCH3OCH3N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A505051515253565758585858596057586158615761585656575859序号化合物名称母核取代基R1R2R3R4R5R6R7R8文献R6R6R5R5R5R4R4R4R1R1R1R2R2R2R3R3R3R7R7R8OOOOOOACB图2黄花蒿中黄酮类成分母核结构注：A：黄酮类；B：黄酮醇类；C：二氢黄酮类。下转续表1317 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 2829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859Penduletin3,4,5,6,7-Pentahydroxyflavone3,4,6,7-tetramethyletherMikaninQuercetagetin-3-methyletherQuercetagetin-3,4-dimethyletherBonanzinChrysosplenol DChrysosplenetinCasticinPatuletin-3-O-glucosideCirsilineolEupatinQuercetagetin-6,7,3,4-tetramethyletherQuercetagetin-4-methylether 4-methyl4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-3,4-di-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethoxy4H-1-benzopyran-4-one,2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxyMearnsetinChrysosplenol E5,3-Dihydroxy-3,6,7,5-tetramethoxyflavone5-hydroxy-3,7,3,4-tetramethoxy-flavoneArtemetin5,4-dihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-flavonePachypodolCasticinChrysosplenetinQuercetagetin-3,6,3,4-tetramethyl-etherJaceidinAxillarinPatuletinRutinHomoeriodictyolEriodictyolBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBCCOCH3OCH3OHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3O-GlcOHOHOHOHOCH3O-GlcOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OHO-RutOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHHHOCH3OCH3OCH3OHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OHN/AN/AN/AN/AOCH3HOCH3OCH3HOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3HOHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OHOHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OHOCH3OCH3OCH3OHOCH3OHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OHOHOHOHOHOCH3OHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3HOCH3OHOCH3OCH3OCH3OHOHOHOHOHOHOCH3OCH3OHOCH3OCH3OHOHOCH3OHOHOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3N/AOCH3OCH3OHOHOCH3OHOCH3OHOHOHOHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AOHOHOCH3OHOCH3OHOHOCH3OHOCH3OHOCH3OHOHN/AOHHHHHHHHHHHHN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A5852615658595858585758525256626161636450505450555550545451505454续表序号化合物名称母核取代基R1R2R3R4R5R6R7R8文献1.3挥发油类黄花蒿中挥发油成分丰富，主要有蒿酮、樟脑、龙脑、石竹烯、-蒎烯等，详见表3。研究发现不同产地的黄花蒿挥发油存在明显差别65-67。表3黄花蒿中的挥发油类化合物12345甲酸乙酯 Formic acid ethyl ester乙基呋喃 2-ethylfuran正丁醛 Normal butanal丙酸乙酯 Ethyl propanoate4-戊烯醛 4-pentenalC3H6O2C6H8OC4H8OC5H10O2C5H8O0.040.080.080.400.086666666666序号化合物名称分子式相对含量（%）文献下转续表1318 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 世界科学技术-中医药现代化中药化学成分研究678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152531,1-亚乙烯基二环丙烷 1,1-ethylenedicyclopropane圣亚麻三烯 Santolina triene1R-蒎烯 1R-pinene丙酸2-甲基丙基酯 Propanoic acid2-methylpropyl ester4-亚甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)环己烯 4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-cyclohexene反式-1,3,5-庚三烯 Trans-1,3,5-heptatriene-月桂烯-myrcene1-甲基-4-(1-甲基亚己基)环己烯 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexene1-甲基-4-(1-甲基亚己基)环己烯(1-methyl-1,2-propadienyl)-cyclopropane桉油醇 Eucalyptol2,7-二甲基-3-辛烯-5-炔 2,7-dimethyl-3-octen-5-yne2,5-二氢-3-甲基呋喃 2,5-dihydro-3-methyl-furan2,6-二甲基-1,3,5,7-辛四烯 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraen1-庚烯-6-炔 1-hepten-6-yne1-甲氧基-2-丁炔 1-methoxy-2-butyne(Z)-2-壬烯醛(Z)-2-nonenal3-甲基-3-乙烯基-环丙烯 3-methyl-3-vinyl-cyclopropene1,7-辛二烯 1,7-octadiene(E,E)-2,4-己二烯(E,E)(E,E)-2,4-hexadiene戊酸-1,1-二甲基乙基酯 Pentanoic acid-1,1-dimethylethyl ester2-甲基-3-苯基丙醛 2-methyl-3-phenyl-propanalE-1,5,9-葵三烯 E-1,5,9-decatriene-宁烯醛-thujenal1-甲氧基-4-(1-丙烯基)苯 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-benzene乙基(S)-()扁桃酸酯 Ethyl(S)-()-mandelate乙基(S)-()扁桃酸酯 2,2,3-trimethyl-butane3,6-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯-4,5-二醇 3,6-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-4,5-diol2-甲基丁酸酐 2-methylbutanoic anhydride古巴烯 Copaene苯乙酸苯基甲基酯 Benzeneacetic acid phenylmethyl ester石竹烯氧化物 Caryophyllene oxide7,11-二甲基-3-亚甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene1,6,10-dodecatriene3-十一碳烯-1-炔 3-undecen-1-yne（）-新子丁香烯（）-alpha-neoclovene1R,3Z,9S-4,11,11-三甲基-8-亚甲基二环7,3,0-3-十一碳烯,1R,3Z,9S-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo 7,3,0-3-undecene丙酸-2-甲基-3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯基酯 Propanoicacid,2-methyl-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester3,7,11-三甲基-1,3,6,10-十二碳四烯 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene2,6-二甲基-1,3,5,7-辛四烯 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene2-甲基-2,3-己二烯 2-methyl-2,3-hexadiene长蒎烯环氧化物 Longipinene epoxide2-壬炔酸甲酯 2-nonynoic acid methyl ester1,3-戊二烯 1,3-pentadiene3-氰苯基-苯丙酸酯3-cyanophenyl-phenylpropionate3-蒈烯 3-carene莰烯 Camphene-水芹烯-phellandrene罗勒烯 Ocimene-蒎烯-pineneC8H12C10H16C10H16C7H14O2C10H16C7H10C10H16C10H16C7H10C10H18OC10H16C5H8OC10H14C7H10C5H8OC9H16OC6H8C8H14C6H10C9H18O2C10H12OC10H16C10H14OC10H12OC10H12O3C7H16C10H18O2C10H18O3C15H24C15H14O2C15H24O2C15H24C11H18C15H24C15H24C14H24O2C15H24C10H14C7H12C15H21OC10H16O2C5H8C15H13O2NC10H16C10H16C10H16C10H16C10H160.141.520.080.250.100.0610.130.080.841.680.1068.480.080.130.090.180.090.780.100.120.190.110.150.220.110.070.220.300.320.160.692.420.240.327.740.260.130.140.090.150.070.100.080.431.750.760.631.05666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666868686868续表序号化合物名称分子式相对含量（%）文献下转续表1319 Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology 2023 第二十五卷 第四期 Vol.25 No.4 545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969899100101102103桉树脑 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole4-蒈烯 4-carene邻伞花烃 o-cymene桉油精 Eucalyptol-萜品烯-terpinene-松油醇-trepineol顺式-乙酸菊花烯酯 cis-chrysanthemum acetate2-甲基-丁香烯 2-methyl-butene异松香芹醇 Isopinocarvel樟脑油 Camphorated oil脱氢芳香醇 Dehydroaromatic alcohols顺式-菊烯醇 cis-asterenol松油醇异构体 Terpineol isomers松油烯-4-醇 Terpinen-4-ol松油烯 Terpinene桃金娘烯醇 Gelomyrtol capsules桃金娘烯醛 Myrtenal马鞭草烯醇 Verbenol2-庚基呋喃 2-N-heptylfuran对伞花-7-醇 Parachlosanthes-7-ol乙酸桃金娘烯酯 Myrtolyl acetate丁香油粉 Eugenol荜澄茄油烯 Cubebene-蒎烯 Pinene金合花烯 Metallocene-衣兰油烯-ilanylene大根香叶烯 Gennacrene D-愈创木烯-guaiaignene香橙烯 Aromad