整理好的冀教小学英语语法总结及练习.pdf

1冀冀教教小小学学英英语语语语法法总结总结及及练习练习一、名一、名词复数规则词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es，如：knife-knives Leafleaves5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,2child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_man_ woman_3二、一般二、一般现现在在时时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be 动词：主语 be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语 行为动词(其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。4当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No.2】一般现在时的变化1.be 动词的变化。否定句：主语 be not 其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be 主语 其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.非凡疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 dont(doesnt)动词原形(其它)。如：I dont like bread.5当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)主语 动词原形 其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.动词 s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:6一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?76.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.Im staying in bed.16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.817.Liu Tao _(do)not like PE.18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be)it today?Its Saturday 三、三、现现在在进进行行时时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be 动词 ing.3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 be 主语 动词 ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：9疑问词不达意 be 动词 ing?动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come 10_ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.119.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to do；will do.三、否定句：在 be 动词（am,is,are）l后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同四、同义义句：句：bebe goinggoing toto =willwillI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明12天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般五、一般过过去去时时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）13are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（were not=werent）3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work_-worked,cook-cooked2结尾是 e 加 d，如：live_lived3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变 y 为 i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,14draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be 动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No._ Date _一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _ at school just now.2.He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ students two years ago.154.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _ an English teacher now.2.She _ happy yesterday.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No._ Date _一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _(watch)a cartoon on 16Saturday.2.Her father _(read)a newspaper last night.3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _ to the park.(go)4._ you _(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival?5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he _.6.Gao Shan _(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.7.I _(sweep)the floor yesterday,but my mother _.8.What _ she _(find)in the garden last morning?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.六、人六、人称称代代词词和物主代和物主代词词主格宾格 形容词性 名词性I me my mine17you you youryourshe him his hisshe her her hersitit its itswe us our oursthey them theirtheirs习题一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.That is not _ kite.That kite is very small,but _ is very big.(I)2.The dress is _.Give it to _.(she)3.Is this _ watch?(you)No,its not _.(I)4._ is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are _.(he)二、用 am,is,are 填空1.I _ a boy._ you a boy?18No,I _ not.2.The girl_ Jacks sister.3.The dog _ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5._ your brother in the classroom?6.Where _ your mother?She _ at home.7.How _ your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9.Whose dress _ this?10.Whose socks _ they?小小学学英英语语六年六年级语级语法法训练训练 语语法及法及练习练习 1 1 bebe 动词动词BeBe 动词动词的用法：的用法：(1)Am-was Is-was Are-were 口诀：我用 am,你用 are,is 用在他她它，复数全用 are。19(2)肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.He is(not)a teacher.She is(not)in the dining room.My hair is(not)long.Her eyes are(not)small.(3)一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese?Yes,you are.No,you arent.Are they American?Yes,they are.No,they arent.Is the cat fat?Yes,it is.No,it isnt.用恰用恰当当的的 bebe 动词填动词填空。空。1.I _ a boy._ you a boy?No,I _ not.2.The girl_ Jacks sister.3.The dog _ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.205._ your brother in the classroom?6.Where _ your mother?She _ at home.7.How _ your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9.Whose dress _ this?10.Whose socks _ they?11.That _ my red skirt.12.Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15.Here _ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves _ for Su Yang.2117.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _ for me.19.Some tea _ in the glass.20.Gao shans shirt _ over there.21.My sisters name _Nancy.22.This _ not Wang Fangs pencil.23._ David and Helen from England?24.There _ a girl in the room.25.There _ some apples on the tree.26._ there any kites in the classroom?2227._ there any apple juice in the bottle?28.There _ some bread on the plate.29.There _ a boy,two girls,three men and ten women in the park.30.You,he and I _ from China.语语法及法及练习练习 2 2 人人称称代代词词和物主代和物主代词词人人称称代代词词和物主代和物主代词词1人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。一一.填写填写代代词词表主格。表主格。23I itwe you them his your hers 二二.用所用所给词给词的适的适当当形式形式填填空。空。1.That is not _ kite.That kite is very small,but _ is very big.(I)2.The dress is _.Give it to _.(she)3.Is this _ watch?(you)No,its not _.(I)4._ is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are _.(he)5._ dresses are red.(we)What colour are _?(you)246.Here are many dolls,which one is _?(she)7.I can find my toy,but wheres _?(you)8.Show _ your kite,OK?(they)9.I have a beautiful cat._name is Mimi.These cakes are _.(it)10.Are these _ tickets?No,_ are not _._ arent here.(they)11.Shall _ have a look at that classroom?That is _ classroom.(we)12._ is my aunt.Do you know _ job?_ a nurse.(she)2513.That is not _ camera._is at home.(he)14.Where are _?I cant find _.Lets call _ parents.(they)15.Dont touch _._ not a cat,_ a tiger!16._ sister is ill.Please go and get _.(she)17._ dont know her name.Would you please tell _.(we)18.So many dogs.Lets count _.(they)19.I have a lovely brother._ is only 3.I like _ very much.(he)20.May I sit beside _?(you)2621.Look at that desk.Those book are on _.(it）22.The girl behind _ is our friend.(she)语语法及法及练习练习 3 3 名名词复数词复数和和动词动词三三单单一、名一、名词复数规则词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es，如：knife-knives275不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese练习练习：写写出下列各出下列各词词的的复数复数。I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ book_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ people_二二动词动词三三单单的的变变化化规则规则281一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：study-studies练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ teach_语语法及法及练习练习 4 4 一般一般现现在在时时29一般一般现现在在时时一般一般现现在在时时基本用法介基本用法介绍绍 一般一般现现在在时时的功能的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般一般现现在在时时的的构构成成1.be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。30一般一般现现在在时时的的变变化化1.be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.31当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?一般一般现现在在时时用法用法专练专练:一、用括一、用括号内动词号内动词的适的适当当形式形式填填空。空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.325._ they _(like)the World Cup?6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.3314.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.Im staying in bed.16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do)not like PE.18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be)it today?Its Saturday.二、按照要求改二、按照要求改写写句子。句子。1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)34_2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)35_7.I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_36三、改三、改错错(划划出出错误错误的地方，的地方，将将正确的正确的写写在在横线横线上上)1.Is your brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._语语法及法及练习练习 5 5 现现在在进进行行时时现现在在进进行行时时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。372现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing.3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词 ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词 ing?动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping38现现在在进进行行时专项练习时专项练习：一、一、写写出下列出下列动词动词的的现现在分在分词词：play_ run_ swim _ make_ go_like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所二、用所给给的的动词动词的正确形式的正确形式填填空：空：391.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.409.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.三、句型三、句型转换转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ _2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _413Im playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_语语法及法及练习练习 6 6 将来时将来时将来时将来时一、一、概概念：念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本二、基本结构结构：be going to+do；will+do.42三、否定句三、否定句：在 be 动词（am,is,are）l后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首，some 改为 any,and改为 or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、五、对划线对划线部分提部分提问问：一般情：一般情况况，一般，一般将来将来时时的的对划线对划线部分有三部分有三种种情情况况。1.问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.2.问干什么。What do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with 43me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to=willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.练习练习：填填空。空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。44What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday?I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）45Nancy _ going to go camping.6.Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?4610.My father and mother are going to see a play the d