被动语态课件.ppt

Lots of people speak English in the world.主（主（执行者）执行者）谓谓宾宾(承受者承受者)English is spoken by lots of people in the world.一、被动语态的意义一、被动语态的意义:(the meaning of the Passive Voice.)当句子的主语是动作的当句子的主语是动作的_时，谓语要用主动时，谓语要用主动语态语态(the Active voice)。当句子的主语是动作的。当句子的主语是动作的_时，谓语要用被动语态时，谓语要用被动语态(the Passive Voice)。执行者执行者承受者承受者 二、被动语态的构成二、被动语态的构成:(the Structure of the Passive Voice.)be+done(_的过去分词的过去分词)+by,be有有人称和数的变化。当没有必要指出动作的执行人称和数的变化。当没有必要指出动作的执行者时，介词者时，介词by 短语可以短语可以_.1.English is spoken by lots of people in the world.2.A hospital was built in our hometown last year.省略省略及物动词及物动词1一般现在时一般现在时(the present tense)Class meeting _every Thursday.2一般过去时一般过去时(the past tense)These cups _by the boy.amisare done done（一）各种时态的被动语态（一）各种时态的被动语态:(The passive voice of all kinds of tenses)每周四召开班会。每周四召开班会。is heldwas were这些茶杯杯这个男孩打碎了。这些茶杯杯这个男孩打碎了。were broken3一般将来时一般将来时(the future tense)A speech _(give)next week.willshallbe done 以及以及 am is are going to be done4.过去将来时过去将来时(the past future tense)would shouldbe done 以及以及waswere going to be doneHe said that a speech _(give)the next week.will be givenwould be given5.现在进行时现在进行时(the present continuous tense)am is arebeing done6.过去进行时过去进行时(the past continuous tense)waswerebeing doneThe machine _(repair)at this time yesterday.The problem _(discuss)now.is being discussedwas being repaired7.现在完成时现在完成时(the Present Perfect Tense)hashavebeen done8.过去完成时过去完成时(the past perfect tense)had been doneTwo hundred trees _(plant)so far.到现在为止，到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。已经种了二百棵树了。They said they _ (invite)to the party.他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会了。他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会了。have been plantedhad been invited9.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态:（the passive voice with modal verb)1.Good books _again and again.好书应该被反复读。好书应该被反复读。2.Your homework _after class.你的作业必须在课后交上。你的作业必须在课后交上。can/couldmay/mightmust/should/need be doneshould be readmust be handed in3.My shirt _now.我的衬我的衬 衫不必现在洗。衫不必现在洗。neednt be washed一般现在时一般现在时一般过去式一般过去式一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时带有情态动带有情态动词的被动语态词的被动语态am/is/are donewas/were donewill/shall be doneam/is/are going to be donewould/should be donewas/were going to be doneam/is/are/being donewas/were being donehas/have been donehad been donecan/could/may/mightshould/must/needbe done（二）被动语态的否定句和疑问句（二）被动语态的否定句和疑问句：1.变否定句变否定句The room is cleaned every day.The room isnt cleaned every day.The flowers should be watered once a week.The flowers shouldnt be watered once a week.2.变一般疑问句变一般疑问句 Is the room cleaned every day?Should the flowers be watered once a week?3.变特殊疑问句变特殊疑问句(划线部分提问划线部分提问)What is cleaned every day?How often should the flowers be watered?三、三、被动语态的用法：被动语态的用法：(the usage of the Passive Voice.)1).He gave me a book.I _a book.A book _me.1.含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，但通常把间每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，但通常把间接宾语作主语，如果将直接宾语作为主语，要在接宾语作主语，如果将直接宾语作为主语，要在间接宾语的前面加上间接宾语的前面加上to或或for.2).He bought me a new bike yesterday.I _a new bike yesterday.A new bike _me yesterday.was givenwas given towas boughtwas bought for2.把 make/letsee/noticehear/feelsbsb do sth变为被动语态时，必须带变为被动语态时，必须带to 即即:to do sthmade/letseen/noticedheard/feltsb isHe made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy _work for two hours yesterday.was made to3.短语动词变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语短语动词变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语 动词的介词或副词。动词的介词或副词。1).We should take good care of the children.The children should _.2).We should speak to old men politely.Old men should _ politely.be taken good care ofbe spoken to4.不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.）不用被动语态如不用被动语态如:happen,appear,disappear.1)A traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened 2)She _(disappear)from the garden.disappeared5.连系动词（连系动词（Link.v.)如：如：look,sound,smell,taste,feel+adj(形容词）时形容词）时，本，本身已含有被动含义，不用被动语态。身已含有被动含义，不用被动语态。1).The flowers _sweet.这些花闻起来很香。这些花闻起来很香。2).The story _ interesting 这个故事听起来很有趣。这个故事听起来很有趣。3).The piece of cloth _ soft 这块布摸起来很柔软。这块布摸起来很柔软。smellsoundsfeels6.当某些动词表示事物的自然属性时当某些动词表示事物的自然属性时,不用不用被动语态被动语态:1).The pen _(write)very fast.这支笔书写流利。这支笔书写流利。2).This kind of sweater _(sell)well.这种毛衣很畅销。这种毛衣很畅销。3).This kind of sweater _ (sell out)yesterday.这种毛衣昨天就被买光了。这种毛衣昨天就被买光了。writessellswashes4)This coat _(wash)well.这件大衣很耐洗。这件大衣很耐洗。was sold out7.不及物短语动词不用被动语态：不及物短语动词不用被动语态：come true,belong to,run out,take place,come out,break down.1).My dream _.我的梦想已经实现了。我的梦想已经实现了。2).My money _.我的钱已经用光了。我的钱已经用光了。3).Great changes _ in our hometown.我的家乡已经发生了很大的变化。我的家乡已经发生了很大的变化。has come truehas run outhave taken place4).His new book _next month.他的新书将在下个月出版。他的新书将在下个月出版。will come out四、四、巧记被动语态用法：巧记被动语态用法：我的变化很生动，主语执行用主动，主语承受我的变化很生动，主语执行用主动，主语承受用被动。间宾前加用被动。间宾前加 for 或或to,感官使役还原感官使役还原to。短语动词是一家，千万不要拆散它。不及物动短语动词是一家，千万不要拆散它。不及物动词无被动，不要把我误来用。系形组合含被动，词无被动，不要把我误来用。系形组合含被动，无需再来变被动。无需再来变被动。sell,write与与wash,表动作有表动作有被动，表属性无被动。被动，表属性无被动。run out,come out与与come true,汉语思维像被动，英语思维无被动。汉语思维像被动，英语思维无被动。以上规则记得住，走进考场准管用。以上规则记得住，走进考场准管用。五、冲击中考五、冲击中考1.When _ the accident _?A.was,happen B.did,happen 2.C.is,happen D.was,happened3.2.The bridges_ two years ago.4.A.is built B.built 5.C.were built D.was built6.3.This work _at once7.A.neednt be done B.need to do 8.C.need do D.need done9.4.Computers _ all over the world.A.is used B.are using C.are used D.used toBACC5.Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A.took place B.have taken place C.have been taken place D.had taken place6.Salt in all supermarkets _ yesterday.A.sells out B.selling out C.was sold out D.were sold out7.Her voice _sweet.A.is sounded B.is heard C.sounds D.sounding8.The book _well.A.is sold B.sells C.sell D.selling.BCCB9.A birthday present _ me by my mother.A.bought B.was bought C.was bought for D.was bought to10.An apple _ me.A.was given B.was given to C.was gave to D.were given to11.The book _ by his mother.A.cant be written B.can be not written C.cant be wrote D.be written 12.Must the old people _ politely?A.are spoken to B.be spoken C.speak to D.be spoken to C BAD