被动语态专项练习.ppt

被被动语态一、什么是一、什么是语态？语态是英是英语动词的一种表的一种表现形式，用来形式，用来说明主明主语和和谓语动词之之间的关系。的关系。二、二、语态的种的种类：（1）主）主动语态（2）被）被动语态三、什么是主三、什么是主动语态？什么是被？什么是被动语态？四、被四、被动语态的构成：的构成：(八种八种时态下的被下的被动语态）be+及物及物动词的的过去分去分词can/may/must+be+过去分去分词1.1)am/is/are+done(过去分去分词)一般一般现在在时2)2)has/havebeendone现在完成在完成时3)3)am/is/arebeingdone现在在进行行时4)4)was/weredone一般一般过去去时5)hadbeendone过去完成去完成时AllthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompletedAnewcinemaisbeingbuilthereIwasgiventenminutestodecide.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing.2.1 We clean our classroom every day.2,People prodoce tea in the south.3,She waters the flowers twice a week.4,They sell good bikes in this shop.5,Ordinary people cause a lot of air pollution.6,Teachers teach English in our school时态 单复数 用不用 by 短语 理解3.1,She ceaned all the desks today.2,We bought our new TV in this shop.3,People planted 5000 trees there.4,The teacher told him to do it again.5,We will build a new school here.6,We are going to raise money for protecting our environment.7,She is going to take all the books there.8,We can clean our room this afternoon.9,They must do their homework today.10,We have to finish the work taday.4.1,We have finished all that work taday.2,He has returned all the books to him.3,They are cleaning the room now.4,She is selling the green apples.5,We saw him go there by himself.6,She makes her son read English every morning.7,She _(tell)to go there yesterday.8,The boy _(take)to the hospital at once.9,The work must _(do)this week.5.6)was/werebeingdone过去去进行行时7)shall/willbedone一般将来一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来去将来时被被动语态的特殊的特殊结构形式构形式1）带情情态动词的被的被动结构构其形式其形式为：情：情态动词be过去分去分词。AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldiersmotherassoonasitarrived.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.6.2）一些表示）一些表示“据据说”或或“相信相信”的的动词如如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于等可以用于句型句型“Itbe过去分去分词that从句从句”或或“主主语be过去去分分词todosth.”。有：有：Itissaidthat据据说,Itisreportedthat据据报道，道，Itisbelievedthat大家相信大家相信，Itishopedthat大家希望，大家希望，Itiswellknownthat众所周知，众所周知，Itisthoughtthat大家大家认为，Itissuggestedthat据建据建议。ItissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexamTheboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam7.5、主、主动语态变被被动语态应注意的注意的问题1.把主把主动语态变为被被动语态时，应保留主保留主动语态原来原来的的时态。如：。如：Sheoftencleansthehouse.Thehouseisoftencleanedbyher.2.有些有些动词可以有双可以有双宾语，在用于被，在用于被动结构构时，通常通常变为主主语的是的是间接接宾语（sb.）HismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthdayHewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.8.3)当当“动词+宾语+宾语补足足语”结构构变为被被动语态时，将将宾语变为被被动结构中的主构中的主语，其余不，其余不动.Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette(香烟）香烟）=Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役）在使役动词have,make,get以及以及感官感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等等变为被被动结构构时，要加，要加toSomeonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding=Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.9.5)有些相当于及物有些相当于及物动词的的动词词组，如如“动词介介词”，“动词副副词”等，等，也可以用于被也可以用于被动结构，构，但要把它但要把它们看作一个整体，看作一个整体，不能分开不能分开。其中的介。其中的介词或副或副词也不能省略。也不能省略。ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday10.一、系一、系动词taste,smell,feel,sound,prove等可用主等可用主动形式表达被形式表达被动意意义。如。如:1这些花些花闻起来很香。起来很香。2那听起来很有道理。那听起来很有道理。3那食物那食物尝起来很可口。起来很可口。Theseflowerssmellsweet.Thatsoundsveryreasonable.Thefoodtastesdelicious.11.二、某些与二、某些与cantwont等等连用的不及物用的不及物动词，如，如move,lock,shut,open等可用主等可用主动形式表达被形式表达被动意意义。如：。如：1盒子不能移盒子不能移动。2门不会关。不会关。Theboxcantmove.Thedoorwontshut.12.三、某些可用来表示主三、某些可用来表示主语内在品内在品质或性能或性能的不及物的不及物动词，如，如sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐久耐久),wear(耐穿耐穿),等可用主等可用主动形式表形式表达被达被动意意义.如如:Thiskindoffoodsellswell.这种食物种食物畅销。Thisclothwasheswellandlastslong.这布料布料经洗、耐穿。洗、耐穿。Thefloordoesntcleaneasily.这地板不容易弄干地板不容易弄干净。13.五、形容五、形容词worth后面要用后面要用动名名词的主的主动形式表示被形式表示被动意意义。如：。如：1小小说值得一得一读。2事情事情值得做。得做。Thenovelisworthreading.Thethingisworthdoing.14.四、在四、在动词require,need,want等等动词之之后，可用后，可用动名名词的主的主动形式表示被形式表示被动意意义。1树需要需要浇水。水。2孩子需要照孩子需要照顾。3电视机需要修理。机需要修理。Thetreesneedwatering.Childrenwantlookingafter.TheTVneedsmending.15.六、六、动词不定式的主不定式的主动形式表示被形式表示被动意意义：1.不定式作定不定式作定语与被修与被修饰的名的名词或代或代词构成构成2.动宾关系关系时，如：，如：我有我有许多事情要做。多事情要做。他有几他有几项任任务要完成。要完成。Ihavealotofthingstodo.Hehasseveraltaskstocomplete.16.2.在在“系系动词+形容形容词+不定式不定式”结构中，构中，常常见句型有：句型有：1)n.+be+too+adj.+todo2)Theplaneistoohightosee.3)2)n.+be+adj.+enough+todo4)Thebookischeapenoughformetobuy.5)3)n.+be+adj.+todo6)Thequestionisnoteasytoanswer.17.课堂堂练习（一）改写句子（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday._byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.4.Heisdrawingapicture._byhim.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow._byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter._byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenApictureisbeingdrawnYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten18.7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook._toyou.8.Herbagcannotbefoundbyher._herbag.9.DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs?_Russiansongsbyyou?10.Shedoesntlethersonswimintheriver._intheriverbyher.11.Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear._thebridgeatthistimelastyear.12.Doessheoftensingthesong?_byher?ThenewbookhasbeengivenShecannotfindIssheoftenheardtosingHersonisntlettoswimTheywerebuildingIsthesongoftensung19.1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavetoBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItoldACA20.4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbrokenDCBC21.8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltBDAC22.12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten13.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped14.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.gooutBCAD23.16.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodoit.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.TeachingDCCDB24.KeystoP37Part5:1.aremade2.were,organisedPart6:1.hasbeenarranged(arrange安排）安排）2.isbeingcollected3.wasbeingpaintedPart7:1.iscelebrated2.issplashed(泼，溅）3.arecarried4.aretold5.isrelated6.arewashed7.areraced8.arelaunched25.Part8:1.Myhealthisbeingaffected(影响）影响）bystress.2.Peoplearebeingmovedoutofthehouses.3.Themini-helicopterhasalreadybeeninventedbyhim.4.Theforestfirehasbeenputout(扑扑灭）bythem.5.ThecarwasbeingrepairedwhenIgotthere.6.Thehousewasbeingdecoratedwhentheaccidenthappened.26.LetsgotoP93together.27.