英语写作中尽力使用高级词汇.ppt

给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象整整体体三三部部分分1.Heading点题；一两个句子；概括性；暗示性2.Body 中心记述部分；层次分明3.Ending 小结；呼应主题五档（很好）21-25分1）覆盖所有内容要点 2）应用了较多的语法结构和词汇应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，有些语，有些语言言错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较高高级词汇级词汇所致，有较强的语言应用能力。所致，有较强的语言应用能力。3 3）有效地使用了语句间的连接成分）有效地使用了语句间的连接成分 ，全文，全文结构紧凑。结构紧凑。4 4）完全达到了试题规定的任务，完全达到了）完全达到了试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的预期的写作目的 n第四档：第四档：(16-20分分)n完成了试题规定的任务。完成了试题规定的任务。n虽漏掉了一两个次重点，但虽漏掉了一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。覆盖所有主要内容。n应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。n语法结构和词汇方面应用语法结构和词汇方面应用基本准确基本准确，些许错误，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。n应用简单的语句间的应用简单的语句间的连接成连接成分，使全文分，使全文结构紧结构紧凑凑。达到了预期的写作目的。达到了预期的写作目的。n第三档（第三档（11-15分）分）n基本完成了试题规定的任务。基本完成了试题规定的任务。n虽漏掉一些内容，但虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。覆盖所有主要内容。n应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。n有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。理解。n应用简单的词语间应用简单的词语间连接成分连接成分，使全文，使全文内容连贯。内容连贯。n整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作母的。整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作母的。n第二档（第二档（6-10分）分）n未恰当完成试题规定任务。未恰当完成试题规定任务。n漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。无关内容。n语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。n有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。对写作内容的理解。n较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。性。n信息未能清楚地传达给读者。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。n第一档：（第一档：（1-5分）分）n未完成试题规定的任务。未完成试题规定的任务。n明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。能是未理解试题要求。n语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。n较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。容的理解。n缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。n信息未能传达给读者。信息未能传达给读者。n0分分n未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判;写的写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。拼写和标点拼写和标点是语言准确性的一个方是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑度予以考虑.词数词数少于少于80和和多于多于120的，从总分的，从总分中减去中减去2分。分。如如书写较差书写较差，以至影响交际，将分，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。数降低一个档次。英语句子的种类英语句子的种类简单句简单句(Thesimplesentence)并列句并列句(The compound sentence)复合句复合句(The complex sentence)请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.I turned on the TV.I watched it.2.I bought my sister a present.She didnt like it.并列句并列句I turned on the TV and watched it.I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.3.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.4.Thechildhidbehindhismothersskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.He was tired,so he went to bed.The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog.5.Hemadeapromise.Hedidntkeepit.He made a promise,but he didnt keep it.6.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Mary is opening the door,and John is greeting her guests.请用请用括号中所给的词把此组句子括号中所给的词把此组句子连接为一个复合句。连接为一个复合句。I stillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.技技 巧巧1.使用较高级的词汇使用较高级的词汇3.使用恰当的连接词使用恰当的连接词词汇反映你知识贮存量的词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。的一个重要标志。运用得当的句子结构可以运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉整篇文章因此而生辉 。使用恰当连接词，对写一使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有篇有“英语味英语味”的文章很的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。自然、紧凑。增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧2.使用较丰富的句式使用较丰富的句式一、使用高级词汇一、使用高级词汇1.尽量使用词组、习语来代替一些单词增加文采。尽量使用词组、习语来代替一些单词增加文采。试比较：I have decided to study English better this term.I have made up my mindto study English better this term.I have been determined to study English better this term.A burning cigarette endcausedthe big fire.A burning cigarette endresulted in/led tothe big fire.be of great importancebe ready to/be willing to 1.I like helping others.2.I like sports.3.This is important for the work.be fond of/be interested in/have great interest inSimple phrase Advanced phrase 1.Im good at English.2.I want to do something for the Olympics.3.Ill try my best to offer the best service.be fluent in/have a good knowledge of/have a gift formake a contribution to/contribute to/devote tospare no effort /make every effort 例如：用make use of替代use，用catch sight of替代see，用pay a visit to替代visit，用go on替代happen，用of importance替代important，用be supposed to替代should，用I come up with a good idea替代I have a good idea等。I like music.I am fond ofmusic.I aminto music.Idontknow how to enlarge my vocabulary.I have no ideahow to enlarge myvocabulary.练习：2.使用一些很有使用一些很有“洋味洋味”的单词。如：的单词。如：Thankyouforsharingthetimewithus.Thenoisenearlydrovememad.练习：练习：Tom brokehisleglastweek.Tom_lastweek.Ourschoolliesinthesuburbofthecity.Ourschool_thesuburbofthecity.hadhislegbrokenislocatedin3.避免重复使用同一单词或短语。避免重复使用同一单词或短语。如果前文用了interesting，后文就可用a lot of fun；若前文用了clever，后文就可用smart；若前文说了a good idea后文就可说a lovely idea，等等。I like reading while my brother likes watching TV.I like reading while my brother _watching TV.enjoys4.适当使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法适当使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法1）The Great Wall runs across China like a huge dragon.2）To finish the work ahead of time,I have been as busy as a beerecently.3）He is a lucky dog.5、使用形容词（短语）做状语或者使用非谓语、使用形容词（短语）做状语或者使用非谓语动词结构等动词结构等1）They returned home,safe and sound.2）Full of fear,I walked in the darkness.3）While walkingalong the streets I met Jane.4)My brother is old enough to attend school.6.善用小词善用小词 2005 saw the successful launch of Shenzhou VI in China.How does Shenzhen strikeyou?This is how the story goes.Marys mother asked her to seize time to go over her lessons for the final exam,but it didnthelp.1.突然，我想出了一个主意。Suddenly I thought out a good idea.(一般)A good idea occurred to me.(高级)A good idea suddenly struck me.(高级)2.你能很容易找到我家。You can find my house easily.(一般)Youll have no trouble/difficulty finding my house.(高级）练习：练习：3.我们每天有许多作业做。We have a lot of homework to do every day.(一般)We have endless homework to do every day.(高级)4.非常感谢你的帮助。Thank you for your help very much.(一般)I feel thankful grateful for your help.(高级)I appreciate your help very much.(高级)5.你应该给我道歉。You should apologise to me.(普通)You owe me an apology.（高级）6.许多老师都来参加展览。Many teachers have come to the exhibition.(普通)Many a teacher has come to the exhibition.（高级）A great many teachers have come to the exhibition.（高级）8.我们将要考虑这个问题。We will consider this matter.We will takethe matter into account(consideration).7.结果这个计划失败了。Finally,the plan failed.(一般）As a result the plan was a failure.(高级)The plan turned out(to be)a failure.(高级)二、使用丰富的句式(改变主语改变主语)：1.Ill offer the best service to others._ is my goal.(-ing分词作主语分词作主语)It is my goal to_.(用用it形式主语形式主语)2.I like helping others._.(-ing分词作主语等分词作主语等)_.(用用it形式主语或宾语形式主语或宾语)Offering the best service to others offer the best service to others.Helping others is my favorite/what I like most/.It is my favorite to help others.3.I wont disappoint you.（句首否定词倒装）（句首否定词倒装）4.If you give me the chance,Ill offer the best service to others.If _ the chance,Ill offer the best service to others.(使用省略）使用省略）On no account(决不决不)_.will I disappoint yougiven5.Im familiar with Beijing.Its important for the work.Im familiar with Beijing,_.(定语从句定语从句)6.Im a boy and Im 18.I was born in Beijing.Im a middle school student._.(定语从句定语从句/分词作状语分词作状语)which is of great importance for the workBorn in Beijing,Im an 18-year-old boy,who is studying in a middle school(studying in a middle school).Ill offer the best service to others.It is _ that _.(使用强调句）使用强调句）5.I like sports very much.I _ like sports very much.(使用强调）使用强调）dothe best serviceIll offer to others三、使用过度衔接词三、使用过度衔接词1.Phrases:(选取高级连接词选取高级连接词表层次顺序，罗列增加：表层次顺序，罗列增加：First,second,third,fourth,last _,_,_,_,_ _,_,_,_,_To begin/start withfurthermorein additionfinallyFirst and foremostbesideswhats morelast but not leastin addition to thatmoreover三、记住这些使文章层次清晰，行文连贯三、记住这些使文章层次清晰，行文连贯的关联词，并在写作中学习使用。的关联词，并在写作中学习使用。1.1.表示平行、对等或选择关系表示平行、对等或选择关系and,bothand,as well as.Neithernor,eitheror,also,not onlybut also2.2.表示转折关系表示转折关系But,yet,however,nevertheless(然而然而),in spite of(尽管尽管仍仍),although,otherwise,while,instead3.3.表示对比关系表示对比关系On the contrary,instead of,while,on the one handon the other hand,just like,unlike(不象不象)4.4.表示因果关系表示因果关系So,for,therefore,as a result(of),because(of),owing to,due to,thanks to,on account of(=because of)5.5.表示时间关系表示时间关系In the past,now,nowadays,at present,in the future,in the end,shortly after(不久之后不久之后）,recently,lately6.6.表示顺序关系表示顺序关系Firstsecond,then,next,finally,for one thing;for another thing7.7.表示递进、强调关系表示递进、强调关系Besides,furthermore（而且，此外）而且，此外）,in addition,moreover,whats more，worse still,whats worse,above all,certainly important of all,to make matters worse8.8.表示解释、说明关系表示解释、说明关系 namely,actually,such as,for exampleinstance,that is to say,in other words,and so on,to tell you the truth,according to this9.9.表示结论，对话题进行总结表示结论，对话题进行总结 in short,in brief,in a word,in general,as you know,as far as I know,on the whole策略：策略：1、平时多写。、平时多写。2、及时更正错误，避免再犯。、及时更正错误，避免再犯。3、注重积累、注重积累单词、词组、固定短语、单词、词组、固定短语、精精彩句式彩句式,常用句型常用句型,避免避免ChineseEnglish的现象的现象。4、多背诵模仿。、多背诵模仿。Maybe the following advice will do good to you.你你你你的的的的英英英英国国国国朋朋朋朋友友友友正正正正在在在在做做做做一一一一个个个个课课课课题题题题；世世世世界界界界各各各各地地地地的的的的生生生生日日日日庆庆庆庆祝祝祝祝方方方方式式式式。他他他他请请请请你你你你介介介介绍绍绍绍中中中中国国国国学学学学生生生生过过过过生生生生日日日日的的的的方方方方式式式式。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文：请你根据以下要点写一篇短文：请你根据以下要点写一篇短文：请你根据以下要点写一篇短文：一、通常方式一、通常方式一、通常方式一、通常方式1 1 1 1生日聚会生日聚会生日聚会生日聚会2 2 2 2生日礼物生日礼物生日礼物生日礼物3 3 3 3生日祝福生日祝福生日祝福生日祝福二、我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由二、我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由二、我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由二、我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由 *词数词数词数词数100-120100-120100-120100-120 Now students in China celebrate their birthdays in many ways.Usually,a party is held.Best friends and relatives will come to the party.They usually buy a gift.They show their best wishes.Sometimes,people send short messages too and it is becoming very popular.But I think that its better to help other people.We know that its important to learn to help other people.Helping other people can do us a lot of good.People will help you because youve helped them and youll be happy NowadaysstudentsinChinacelebratetheirNowadaysstudentsinChinacelebratetheirbirthdaysinvariousways.birthdaysinvariousways.Usually,apartyisheldUsually,apartyisheldso that people can get so that people can get together.together.Bestfriends,aswellasrelatives,aregoingBestfriends,aswellasrelatives,aregoingtobeinvited.Itspolitetobuyasmallgiftwhichtobeinvited.Itspolitetobuyasmallgiftwhichstandsforonesbestwishes.Whatsmore,sendingstandsforonesbestwishes.Whatsmore,sendingshortmessagesononesbirthdayisbecomingmoreshortmessagesononesbirthdayisbecomingmoreandmorepopular,asaresultofitsconvenience.andmorepopular,asaresultofitsconvenience.However,asfarasImconcerned,itsmoreHowever,asfarasImconcerned,itsmoremeaningfultocareaboutothersthanaboutoneself.meaningfultocareaboutothersthanaboutoneself.Asisknowntoall,togiveisbetterthantoreceive.Asisknowntoall,togiveisbetterthantoreceive.BirthdaysmeannotonlybeingolderbutmoreBirthdaysmeannotonlybeingolderbutmorehelpfulandusefultotheworld.Therefore,itsofhelpfulandusefultotheworld.Therefore,itsofimportancetolearntohelpothers.Helpingothersonimportancetolearntohelpothers.Helpingothersononesbirthdaycandoyoualotofgood.Foroneonesbirthdaycandoyoualotofgood.Foronething,peoplewillhelpyouinreturninthefuture;forthing,peoplewillhelpyouinreturninthefuture;foranother,youllbehappy.another,youllbehappy.Asaresult,IthinkitbettertohelpotherstoAsaresult,Ithinkitbettertohelpotherstospendonesbirthday.spendonesbirthday.如何算是一篇好文章？覆盖了所有的要点应用了较多的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑要点全词汇,句型（高级）和语法多样化（较复杂）连接词巧用逗号，提升作文品质