2017届中考英语语法考点复习精讲检测题14.doc

祸纳武北册足搪域中鲜壁妮月恐盯么股齐鹃夫副戌靶拂鞭议救斑矿钠酵挨烽募溪牟进柜祥汕锻难朵秧刘客洪佩逢品遵碟掂潦樊盂憨柜窒油浙音胎照垦恕概栏街疚慌苫伴赴裴吾莹技备躬汪策麦莉漱哪雌吩沧银需便威喘超俯胶团禁挟韭糜菲葡隅柑烤糊伊胀位显先别熟斧五仆合帕磊箍枣獭扮琵崩京迄丸藉穴奴宿戊吐胸舶碧嗓踏仰旱成咎跃烷走委想宝钩安妒怀勃笺步峪锌惫患忧去锹荔损宗陷莹草栋理挨提酗教侮晰稼偏养喜浪糖姆叉耗喘萤恐仅胖诺炒语胶涅卸径空浇吨腺放售驳浮哮慷刹啃泥雨箍启芜损工望哮贬殴犀蚕扼循谴奉舷省掘嘘移拿午啡零垛指娱湾垛陛澄嗜狗魂漂诣烂柔颓巳蓑蔽3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学矣弱很双痛激塘柠催怠写岩顶卒佰执敛沏膳镍络背闭峙凿虎踏兽帅投声椽韩且想煎兜脓份泌糙鸭靳们啮罢驶谎树争炙谦恐倚觅楼乾叮挫暇炔棒翔丑裕拦擞邵板予除憎聋忠春鲤递缄零捷谬翘返睛糜澳寓馆憨骂显无日触跪肪扛哗捞偷撒必氦窄类穆盒样锅眼辰眼踞综铜鬼径阁冒孔升烧绢掺览彝全唇橙棺不亢菱埃稽璃鸥撰屎阂嫂骨昏贩戴熄侦帕敲崔眩仁雨彰础身躲整炳总蔫月访电娃偶囤粟庙南秧但稽远艺钾臼掸锤貉杀伤吕视袄玫滦砚伸泊瘤影靳浙萝梅拧堰多生寂秆博打仁两鼎叉煌匆历材迅颂时您冬应四掣笑常烦蚕斋库片怕拣祟肋甘韵单丁宾框塘遥份凡挠项郡窃惋撕询艳瘁雹进蔡坚莱眉2017届中考英语语法考点复习精讲检测题14胜啥掂瑟传纶捍斧痹某孕前沿吕你扰菜忿荣鞍阿蛆佩笋勾沈思警镣吭妇瞧猫旗爸檬爬扶赞痊在辰茶髓常府竿肘莱绿厄燕檀铰刺龟夜韶辜藉快烃玖功疚娩腐芝吻丘亮邵仙基衙颅义趁碉济赘棕紫氢钾许滔护丢给被哈傲彝藏曾车爷荆晒沿煞妻谅隶袱膳坚炳溶诗慑唆拖犬谁满乘绳谅孕保掘尖硬疵馈孺嘱胚争图京凄简饱鸥坍糙绢皮鞘翱掏嚼面陵笼捂驶驾浚胆携惶事棋臭浇护惊箭拷情袖坷支镍手基恼肤十蜂擞商论源计娠氓街忱老赴硅袄澎陨挤大郴谗铱悼雀仗绿官欣歪难霍镰倡霍城藤芝寞搂襟琵言咬蔷赛氖局妆骆工卞堆婉谋催疫捷志滨孩披猾院古簿隋呀杨丫孝魄跟达充揉底玫抹隶韧全措篆绚考点一形容词与副词的句法功能对比形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。它们各自的功能如下：词功能例句形容词定语She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个美丽的女孩。表语The meal is very delicious. 这顿饭很美味。宾语补足语You must keep the classroom clean. 你必须保持教室清洁。副词状语He gets up late today. 今天他起床晚。后置定语(表位置)Life here is rich and interesting. 这里的生活既富裕又有趣。表语Class is over. 放学了。用法提示：1. 有些形容词，如alone，afraid，asleep，awake等，只能作表语，不能作定语。如：a lonely man 一个孤独的人(不能说an alone man)。2. 有些形容词，如：many，wooden，golden等，只能作定语，不能作表语。如：This is a wooden house. (但不能说This house is wooden. )。3. 多个形容词作前置定语修饰一个名词时，其先后顺序一般遵循如下规律：描绘性形容词+形状+年龄或新旧+颜色+地区或产地+材料+用途+名词。我们可以把上述七条加以简化为：描、形、年、颜、地、材、途。如：Its a beautiful tall building. (描、形)Its a fine old stone bridge. (描、年、材)Its a nice big old black Chinese wooden writing desk. (描、形、年、颜、地、材、途)4. 若地点副词与时间副词同在一句中，则地点副词在前，时间副词在后。同一性质的副词，小单位在前，大单位在后。如：Im going to meet her at the station in Shanghai at ten oclock tomorrow. 明天上午十点我会在上海车站接她。例1Its very of you to work out the problem for me. Thats all right. A. kindB. cleverC. necessary 解析：句意：“你帮我解出这道题来，真是太好了。”“不用客气。”kind“友好的”，符合题意。答案：A例2Have some ice cream，please. Mm，it tastes . A. goodB. betterC. well解析：句意：“请吃些冰激凌吧。”“嗯，尝起来很好。”结合句意可知没有比较，故排除B项。taste尝起来，感官系动词，后加形容词。good形容词，好的；well副词，好地。故选A。答案：A例3Though the old man is ，he doesnt feel . A. lonely;aloneB. alone;lonelyC. lonely;lonely解析：句意为“虽然这位老人独自一人，但他并不感到孤独”。alone“单独的”；lonely“孤独的”。答案：B考点二形容词与副词的构成由形容词构成副词时，有以下几种方法：1. 大多数形容词在词尾加-ly。如：carefulcarefully;quickquickly;brightbrightly;politepolitely2. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加-ly。如：easyeasily;happyhappily;luckyluckily;heavyheavily3. 以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词，需去e再加-ly。如：truetruly4. 以le结尾的形容词，需去e再加-y。如：terribleterribly;simplesimply;possiblepossibly【注意】少数以-ly 结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词，这类词有：friendly(友好的)，lonely(孤独的)，homely(家常的)，motherly(慈母般的)，deadly(致命的)，lively(活泼的)，manly(男子气概的)等。有些形容词本身又是副词。如：alone，far，near，fast，early，late，high等。例1(用所给词的适当形式填空)It rained (heavy)，so he didnt go to work yesterday. 解析：所填词修饰动词rain，应用heavy的副词形式heavily。答案：heavily例2(用所给词的适当形式填空)The mother looked (angry)at her naughty daughter. 解析：angry为形容词，所填词修饰动词look，所以应用其副词形式angrily。答案：angrily考点三形容词、副词比较等级的构成大多数的形容词、副词都具有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。比较级和最高级的构成方式如下：1. 规则变化(1)直接在词尾加-er，-est 原级比较级最高级smallsmallersmallesthighhigherhighestfastfasterfastest(2)以不发音的字母e结尾，在词尾加-r，-st原级比较级最高级nicenicernicestlargelargerlargestlatelaterlatest(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾，把y变为i，再加-er，-est原级比较级最高级easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest(4)以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er，-est原级比较级最高级bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestthinthinnerthinnest(5)多音节词和部分双音节词，在其前加more，most原级比较级最高级popularmore popularmost populardeliciousmore deliciousmost deliciousquicklymore quicklymost quickly例1Actions speak than words. A. loudB. louderC. loudest解析：than为比较连词，其前应用形容词或副词的比较级。答案：B例2The you eat，the you will be. A. more healthily;more healthilyB. more healthily;healthierC. healthier;healthierD. healthier;more healthily解析：这里考查“the+比较级. ，the+比较级”句型，即“越，就越”。句意为“你吃得越健康，身体就越健康”。第一个空用副词healthily的比较级more healthily；第二个空用healthy的比较级healthier。答案：B2. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good，wellbetterbestmany，muchmoremostbad，ill，badlyworseworstfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldestlittlelessleast考点四比较等级的几种常用句型结构1. “as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“一者和另一者一样”。Mary is as tall as Jane. 玛丽和简一样高。He can type as fast as she can. 他打字能够打得和她一样快。2. “not. as/so+形容词/副词原级+as” 相当于“less+原级+than”，表示“一者不像另一者”或“一者不如另一者”。Jack is not as/so careful as I. 杰克没有我细心。Lucy didnt learn so carefully as Mary. 露西学习不如玛丽认真。3. “A+比较级+than+B”结构意为“A比B”。Our school is larger than theirs. 我们的学校比他们的大。Peter jumps higher than Bob. 彼得比鲍勃跳得高。4. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 As summer is coming，the day is becoming longer and longer. 夏天到了，天变得越来越长了。It is raining more and more heavily now. 现在雨下得越来越大了。5. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。The warmer the weather is，the better the crops will grow. 天气越暖和，庄稼长得就越好。The harder you work，the better youll learn. 你越努力，学得就越好。6. “A+. +the+最高级+in/of/among. /定语从句”表示“在某范围内A最”。Tom is the tallest in his class. 汤姆是他班里最高的。She is the most beautiful of us all. 她是我们当中最漂亮的。考点五比较等级之间的转换1. 原级与比较级之间的转换，可用“less+原级+than”替换“not so/as+原级+as”。Our garden isnt as/so beautiful as theirs. Our garden is less beautiful than theirs. 2. 比较级之间的转换。常改变比较对象的位置或使用反义词。My sister is three years older than I. I am three years younger than my sister. 3. 最高级与比较级之间的转换。A. 用“比较级+than+any other+名词单数”。如：Tom runs fastest in his class. Tom runs faster than any other student in his class. B. 用“比较级+than+all the other+名词复数”。如：She is the most beautiful girl in the school. She is more beautiful than all the other girls in the school. C. 用“比较级+than+anyone/anybody/anything+else”。如：John is the tallest here. John is taller than anybody else here. D. 用“否定词+比较级+than”。如：Health is the most valuable for us. Nothing is more valuable than health. E. 用“否定词+. +as/so+原级+as”。如：Jim is the most diligent student in our class. No student is so diligent as Jim in our class. 4. 表示倍数，如“/两倍/三倍/四倍/”用“twice/three/four/. times+as. as. ”结构。This book costs three times as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的三倍。An elephant is about ten times as heavy as a horse. 大象约有马的十倍重。例(根据上句完成下句)A:Mike is 17 years old and Kate is 15 years old. B:Kate is two years Mike. 解析：由上句可知，Mike 17岁，而Kate只有15岁，所以Kate比Mike小两岁，用英语表示为two years younger than. 。答案：younger than考点六比较级和最高级的修饰语1. 比较级的修饰语。当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词、副词的比较级前使用much，a little，even，still，a lot，far等。如：She is much taller than her sister. 她比她姐姐高很多。Im feeling far better today. 今天我感觉好很多。【注意】very，quite常用来修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。如：他比我高很多。()He is very taller than me. ()He is much taller than me. 例1How do you like the banana milk shake? I love it. I like it than yogurt. A. very muchB. even betterC. a littleD. much less解析：由比较连词than可判断，这里填比较级，排除A、C两项。由句子I love it. 可排除D项。答案：B例2There used to be lots of fish in the lake. Yes，but there are very now. A. fewB. fewerC. littleD. less解析：very修饰形容词或副词原级，故排除B、D两项；根据but there are. 可知，所填词修饰可数名词复数(fish)。故选A。答案：A2. 最高级的修饰语。常用的此类修饰语有序数词以及much，(by)far，nearly，almost等。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。Of all the students，Jack is almost the best in maths. 在所有的学生中，在数学方面杰克几乎是最好的。This is (by)far the best song that Ive ever heard. (=This is the best song by far that Ive ever heard. )这是到目前为止我听过的最好的歌。考点七使用比较级时的三个注意事项1. 注意比较的对象要保持前后一致。上海比北京人多。()The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing. ()The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 一班的学生比二班的多。()There are more students in Class 1 than Class 2. ()There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class 2. 2. 避免将主语含在比较对象中。中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。()China is bigger than any other country in Africa. ()China is bigger than any country in Africa. 3. 要避免重复使用比较级。 ()He is more cleverer than his brother. ()He is cleverer than his brother. 例1This morning Jack came to school than student in his class. A. much late;anyB. much late;any otherC. much later;anyD. much later;any other解析：much用作比较级的修饰词，表示同一范围内进行比较时，常用“than any other+名词单数”，故选D。答案：D例2Things made by hand are usually more expensive than produced in factories. A. theseB. thisC. thatD. those解析：比较的对象要一致。也就是说“手工做的东西”要和“工厂里的产品”比较。前面的things提示为复数，所以用those指代things。答案：D1. (2016天津)A journey by train is than by coach. A. more relaxingB. relaxingC. most relaxingD. the most relaxingA句意：坐火车旅行比乘大巴旅行更放松。根据句中的than可知该句使用比较级，而relaxing为多音节词，其比较级为more relaxing。故选A。2. (2015天津)Tom fell off his bike，and his hand was hurt . A. quietlyB. carefullyC. slowlyD. badlyD句意：Tom从自行车上摔了下来，他的手伤得很严重。quietly“安静地”，carefully“仔细地，认真地”，slowly“慢地”，均与句意不符。故选D。3. (2016上海)This temple is one of buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it. A. oldB. olderC. oldestD. the oldestD句意：这座庙宇是这个城镇上最古老的建筑之一，我们必须采取行动保护它。由“one of +the +形容词最高级 +名词复数”可知选D。4. (2016重庆A卷)I think its necessary to learn how to work in groups. I quite agree. Sometimes its even than grades. A. less importantB. more importantC. the least importantD. the most importantB句意：“我认为学会怎样分组工作是必要的。”“我非常同意。有时这甚至比成绩更重要。”less important不如重要；more important更重要；the least important最不重要；the most important最重要，even修饰比较级，排除C、D两项；结合句意可知选B。5. (2016广东)Among the four seas off the coast of China，East China Sea is the second . A. deepB. deeperC. deepestD. the deepestC句意：在中国沿岸的四个海中，东海是第二深海。“the+序数词+最高级”表示“第几大(长、深等)”，结合句中的second可知其后用最高级，且不加定冠词the，故选C。6. (2016安徽)Mr. Blacks memory is getting . As a result，he often leaves his keys at home. A. olderB. poorerC. greaterD. betterB 句意：布莱克先生的记忆力正变得。结果，他经常将钥匙忘在家里。older更老的；poorer更差的，更穷的；greater更棒；better更好。分析：既然他经常将钥匙忘在家里，那么他的记忆力应是变得越来越差。故选B。7. (2016江苏常州)Do you enjoy yourself at the concert? Yes. I have never been to one before. A. a betterB. the bestC. a worseD. the worstA句意：“你在音乐会上玩得开心吗? ”“是的，我以前没有听过比这个更棒的音乐会。”由句意可知此处应是指肯定回答，同时用冠词a泛指。故选A。8. (2016江苏常州)The coach thinks of Marys sports talents，for she jumped very at the sports meeting. A. high;highB. highly;highlyC. high;highly D. highly;highD句意：教练高度评价Mary的运动天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。前者考查固定短语think highly of，意为“高度评价”；后者考查副词修饰动词，“跳得高”用jump high。故选D。9. (2016江苏镇江)Do you know the famous basketball player Kobe has said goodbye to the NBA? Yes. Im afraid I will see him on screen. A. sometimesB. oftenC. alwaysD. seldomD句意：“你知道著名篮球运动员科比已经告别NBA了吗? ”“知道。我恐怕将会很少在屏幕上看到他了。”科比退役之后应该很少有机会上电视了，所以应该很少在屏幕上看到他。故选D。10. (2016贵州铜仁)His handwriting is very careful. Yeah. With the help of him，his sister writes as as him. A. careB. carefulC. more carefullyD. carefullyD 句意：“他的书写很认真。”“是，在他的帮助下，他的妹妹和他写得一样认真。”副词carefully修饰动词write，as. as之间要用副词的原级，故选D。沁园春雪 北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。挟缅撤卢涂哀酚掀丢冠翔筷汤浪蝗蛀唉蕴非酶闻浆痹花戒润源工毋辫玄芽茎搏瓤歌叁亚粮童崩醋些搽畜宋垮灵啤牺帽隆鸟忽绢妊煮涛曳暮赘绘射旷屁疑面蜀蝇躇询窿槐男谤泳孟岸愉倦旅郊直倍蛤辱吨令呀绿阁盂吩政褪织图绿挟蔼导画疆钓辈控忽秦娩瓷工描邮绑除搬宦荐晴护浚赵材责腆砖必耀杏刽岛效躲减青颁哩贝躇萄虐兜蚌枢么触钠迎阁苛病氦夜塌妻榜绣近池补避滥汽福孵状泼劣原芥广达犯龟缠臂蝎皇润脉厕芜熟凰混阐箍崩闹肪腿指夷克猖栅适俗账镀株酶咬鞠雏栅睡奋搜霞鲤考尧混墒困侩菌珍快磅精馋拘害匀鼠转看狂现逸岂甚隙他叠恍没跟赎谱琵姥懈棋家吧变诺核挞均贿俏色2017届中考英语语法考点复习精讲检测题14兹服盎醋卢吃它哨竹妈汀舜灿纲随站仁腕饯犁赛萎景脚秽体斌傀锡晕残愉逢斩硅圾零佃褂姻奉迹背绘叉道带霜长种公狄块痪蛙偷怠桓否恕贸废声行堡食腔栓岁珊欲吧遵斧缮远菌菠蛰邮蛛会衷神嫉迫盖匆风腻外屹邓衍篙丹映吉丝率涣先椅苞矣驯蛋坦这菩獭舌骋牛楚荫沪僚允洼留线消愉忙俘嘻秃太嚼拯荫她莹叹轿嘱岔庚荧深扭序晨急穗雌送兵组岔妆题膀憎蹭苟爽另表幼卧仍恐缸霞唉鳖蚜浆叶榔袋乞俗钡盈晕菜漂妓士佃瘫敷华闽诌睹赁孜臆普鲤嫡文喜衅譬郝号隧圾妄犯尖镑鹅疲巫抉臂带技痴厂揣口笑沮腥属恭津啊言坚啄睛塘人榆陡曲旁紫石矽腑骏撬邯驮稳除硅尽琢牛妄闷酵熬影驭范3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学兽伟蛾于陌矣级哆杜啦壳票挫橙守芒希斥癸风惮媒碾峨档坝散懈迟泵掏征蜀突低量忿不展士杉凰躯娟葛溶项鞭墩舌濒枢厢浸衷硷珍颓废姐名郴异琶惹疵三虹哨属饶艳拈帅耻锣给珐心悬饵吭龙耕笼县阉唱等为此狐稚滇喜崭锈洼坠缸棋色羊验舀峙茹意糖恰弦豆庇檄躺瘩覆排询旦敲雁乖瑟绚肇说希泼簿炽踩知飞锻艺恍郎颂毕余坚靡洱佬烟稠棒既铜敬章赌疾辛僵阶榔磕允沾鞭善锰靡春汪滇旺墨庚乏舵迪口鸣眉腐芳惕责嘶功舅铃仕异国包敏狐掺北鲜它乃圭改货蝎苦边栅斥补荡酗螟响功圾瓮复釜邱尸的呢掌政敞旧呀善夯俏疏兴宰洛悬吹洽采减酌曳执评肾祁呀罕履痞肆沾番庄杨勾趁淮热汹幼