植物生理学中英文对照.doc

资源描述

一画乙醛酸体glyoxysome 乙醛酸循环glyoxylate cycle，GAC 乙醇酸glycolate，glycolic acid 乙醇酸氧化酶glycolate oxidase 乙醇酸氧化途径glycolic acid oxidation pathway 乙醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase 乙烯ethylene 乙烯利ethrel 二画二型性别dimorphism 二苯脲diphenylurea 二酰甘油diacylglycerol，DG，DAG 二硝基酚dinitrophenol，DNP 1 1,3-二磷酸甘油酸1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 二氧化碳猝发CO2 outburst 二氧化碳饱和点CO2 saturation point 二氧化碳补偿点CO2 compensation point 二氨丙烷diaminopropane 2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,2,4-D 二氢玉米素dihydrozeatin 二氢吡咯pyrroline 二氢红花菜豆酸dihydrophaseic acid 二羟丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate，DHAP 人工种子artificial seeds 儿茶酚氧化酶catechol oxidase 三画三十烷醇1-triacontanol 三碘苯甲酸2，3，5-triiodobenzoic acid，TIBA 三氯苯氧乙酸trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 三重反应triple response 293 三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle，TCAC 干旱drought 干旱胁迫drought stress 土壤—植物—大气连续体soil-plant-atmosphere continuum,SPAC 下调作用down regulation 大纤丝macrofibril 大量元素major element，微量元素macroelement 小孔扩散律small pore diffusion law 尸胺cadaverine 299 己糖磷酸途径hexose monophosphate pathway，HMP 己糖激酶hexokinase 马来酰肼maleic hydrazide,MH 四画开放体系open system 天然单性结实natural parthenocarpy 天冬氨酸aspartate,Asp 天冬氨酸转氨酶aspartate amino transferase 天线色素antenna pigment 无土栽培soilless culture 无融合生殖apomixis 无辐射退激radiationless deexcitation 无氧呼吸anaerobic respiration 1 无氧呼吸消失点anaerobic respiration extinction point 无籽果实seedless fruit 无限生长indeterminate growth 无孢子生殖apospory 无丝分裂amitosis 木酮糖5 磷酸xylulose-5-phosphate 木质素lignin 支链淀粉amylopectin 区域化compartmentation 瓦伯格效应Warburg effect 日中性植物day neutral plant 中日照植物intermediate day length plant 中央液泡central vacuole Ｃ3－Ｃ4 中间植物Ｃ3－Ｃ4 intermediate plant 中间丝intermediate filament 中层middle lamella 水培hydroponics 水培法water culture method 水势water potential 水杨基氧肟酸salicylhydroxamate，SHAM 水杨酸salicylic acid,SA 水生植物hydrophytes 水氧化钟water oxidizing clock 水合补偿点hydration compensation point 水分亏缺water deficit 水分平衡water balance 水分临界期critical period of water 水分代谢water bolism 水溶清蛋白albumin 水通道蛋白water channel protein 水孔蛋白aquaporins 内吞endocytosis 内聚力cohesion 内聚力学说cohesion theory 内在蛋白intrinsic protein 内酯酶lactonase 内转换internal conversion 内向K +通道inward K + channel ，内质网endoplasmic reticulum,ER 内膜endomembrane 内能internal energy 贝壳杉烯kaurene 气培法aeroponics 气相色谱gas chromatography 气腔网络air space netwotk 气穴现象cavitation 气孔开度stomatal aperture 气孔运动stomatal movement 气孔蒸腾stomatal transpiration 气孔下腔substomatal cavities 气孔频度stomatal frequency 毛管水capillary water 毛细作用capillarity 长日植物long day plant 长短日植物long short day plant 片层lamellae 化学势chemical potential 化学信号chemical signal 化学渗透学说chemiosmotic theory 反向传递antiport 反馈抑制feedback inhibition 反馈调节feedback regulation 反应中心reaction center ，反应中心色素分子reaction center pigment 介电常数dielectric constant 分支酶branching enzyme 分化differentiation 分泌囊泡secretory vesicles 比热容specific heat 比集运转速率specific mass transfer rate，SMTR 比久B9,二甲胺基琥珀酰胺酸 dimethyl aminosuccinamic acid 巴斯德效应Pasteur effect 双“S”形生长曲线double sigmoid growth curve 双光系统two photosystem 双向运输bidirectional transport 双受精double fertilization 五画末端氧化酶terminal oxidase 玉米素zeatin，ZT 玉米素核苷zeatin riboside 玉米素顺反异构酶zeatin cistrans isomerase 玉米赤霉烯酮zearaienone 正常性种子orthodox seed 正化学信号positive chemical signal 正向重性positive gravitropism 正效应物positive effector 去春化作用devernalization 去极化depolarization 去镁叶绿素pheophytin，Pheo 甘氨酸甜菜碱glycine betaine 甘油三酯triacylglycerols,TAG 甘油3 磷酸glycerol-3-phosphate 甘油3 磷酸脱氢酶glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 甘油醛3 磷酸glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate，GAP 甘油醛3 磷酸脱氢酶ghyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 甘油酸激酶glycerate kinase 可溶性氧化酶soluble oxidase 可溶性淀粉合成酶soluble starch synthase 丙酮酸pyruvate 丙酮酸磷酸二激酶pyruvate phosphate dikinase PPPk 丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体pyruvic acid dehydrogenase complex 丙酮酸脱羧酶pyruvic acid decarboxylase 丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase 丙氨酸甜菜碱alaninebetaine 丙糖磷酸异构酶triose phosphate isomerase 戊糖磷酸途径pentose phosphate pathway，PPP 平衡压力balance pressure 平衡石statolith 平衡溶液balance solution 平衡细胞statocyles 灭光信号light off signal 卡尔文循环Calvin cycle 叶黄素xanthophyll 叶面营养foliar nutrition 叶面积系数leaf area index，LAI 叶肉细胞mesophyll cell 叶绿素chlorophyll,Chl 叶绿体chloroplast 叶绿体被膜chloroplast envelope 5′-甲硫基核苷5′-methylthioribose 甲硫氨酸methionine 甲瓦龙酸甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid 电中性electroneutrality 电化学势electrochemical potential 电负性electronegative 田间持水量field capacity 四氢吡喃苄基腺嘌呤 tetrahydropyranyl benzyladenine 生理碱性盐physiologically alkaline salt 生理酸性盐physiologically acid salt 生理中性盐physiologically neutral salt 生理钟physiological clock 生理休眠physiological dormancy 生殖生长reproductive growth 生殖细胞无孢子生殖generatine apospory 生物大分子biomacromolecule 生物固氮biological nitrogen fixation 生物钟biological clock 生物氧化biological oxidation 生物分子biomolecule 生物膜biomembrane 生长growth 生长素auxin 生长素梯度学说auxin gradient theory 生长素赖氨酸合成酶IAA lysinesynthetase 生长素结合蛋白auxin binding protein 生长抑制剂growth inhibitor 生长大周期grand period of growth 生长呼吸growth respiration 生长延缓剂growth retardant 生长的周期性growth periodicity 生长效率growth efficiency 生长发育growth and development 生命周期life cycle 生色团chromophore 代谢bolism 代谢库bolic sink 代谢源bolic source 外排exocytosis 外植体explant 外在蛋白extrinsic protein 外连丝ectodesmata 外向K＋通道outward K + channel 外膜outer membrane 饥饿基因famine gene 主动转运active transport 主动吸水active absorption of water 主动吸收active absorption 主宰酶master enzyme 主导库dominant sink 半醌semiquinone 半支莲醛potulai 半透膜semipermeable membrane 半自主性细胞器semiautonomous organelle 半月苔酸lunlaric acid 半纤维素hemicellulose 它感化合物allelochemical 必需元素essential element 永久萎蔫permanent wilting 永久萎蔫系数permanent wilting coefficient 皮孔蒸腾lenticular transpiration 发酵fermentation 发育development 对氯汞苯磺酸parachloro-mercuribenzene sulfonate 幼年期juvenile phase 丝状亚基fibrous subunits 丝氨酸serine 丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶 serine glyoxylate aminotransferase 六画动作电位action potential，AP 动力蛋白dynamin 老化aging 共振传递resonance transfer 共价键covalent bond 共向传递体symport 共质体symplast 共质体运输symplastic transport 共质体装载symplastic phloem loading 共质体途径symplast pathway 亚硝酸还原酶nitrite reductase，NiR 亚胺环已酮cycloheximide 亚麻酸linolenic acid 亚精胺spermidine 亚油酸linoleic acid 过氧化氢酶catalase，CAT 过氧化物酶peroxidase，POD 过氧化物体peroxisome 过敏反应hypersensitive reaction 再春化现象revernalization 再生阶段regeneration phase 再分配redistribution 再分化redifferentiation 扩散作用diffusion ，协助扩散facilitated diffusion 西罗血红素sirohaem 压力探针pressure probe 压力势pressure potential 压力流学说pressure flow hypothesis 压力室法pressure chamber 有氧呼吸aerobic respiration 有益元素beneficial elements 有限生长determinate growth 有丝分裂reduction mitosis 灰分ash 灰分元素ash element 死亡激素death hormone 成花素florigen 成花决定态floral determinated state 成花启动floral evocation 成花诱导floral induction 成膜体phragmoplast 成熟maturation 光形态建成photomorphogenesis 光呼吸photorespiration 光呼吸碳氧化循环photorespiration carbon oxidation cycle 光敏色素phytochrome，PHY 光保护作用photoprotection 光化学烟雾photochemical smog 光反应light reaction 光合速率photosynthetic rate 光合有效辐射photosynthetically active radiation，PAR 光合碳还原循环photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle 光合磷酸化photophosphorylation 光合链photosynthetic chain 光合午睡现象midday depression of photosynthesis 光合作用photosynthesis 光合作用的光抑制photoinhibition of photo synthesis 光合膜photosynthetic membrane 光合产物photosynthetic yield 光合单位photosynthetic unit 光合滞后期lag phase of photosynthesis 光合细菌photosynthetic bacteria 光受体photoreceptor 光周期photoperiod 光周期现象photoperiodism 光周期诱导photoperiodic induction 光饱和点light saturation point 光系统Ⅰ photosystem Ⅰ，PSⅠ 光系统Ⅱ photosystem Ⅱ，PSⅡ 光亲和标记photoaffinity labling 光滑性内质网smooth endoplasmic reticulum 光补偿点light compensation point 光调节因子light regulated element 光能利用率efficiency for solar energy utilization 早熟发芽precocious germination 早前期带preprophase band，PPB ，吐水guttation 同型二聚体homodimer 同化物assimilate 同化物运输assimilate transportation 同化作用assimilation 同化力assimilatory power 同源异型基因homeotic gene 同源异型突变homeotic mutation 吸胀吸水imbibing absorption of water 吸胀作用imbibition ，吸收光谱absorption spectrum 吸附作用absorption 回补机制replenishing mechanism 传递体transporter 休眠dormancy 休眠素dormin 伤呼吸wound respiration 伤流bleeding 伤流液bleeding sap 自动催化作用autocatalysis 自花授粉self pollination 自由基free radical 自由水free water 自由空间free space 自由能free energy 自交不亲和性self incompatibility 自交不育self infertility 自养性autotropism 自溶作用autolysis 向光性phototropism 向重性gravitropism 向化性chemotropism 向触性thigmotropism 向性运动tropic movement 后熟作用after ripening 近似昼夜节奏circadian rhythm 杀粉蝶菌素A piericidin A 合子zygote 肌动蛋白actin 肌醇三磷酸inositol-1,4,5-triphophate，IP3 肌醇磷脂lipositol 负化学信号negative chemical signal 负向重性negative gravitropism 负效应物negative effector 多元酚氧化酶polyphenol oxidase 多聚核糖体polyribosome 多聚化截留机理polymerization trap mechanism 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶polygalacturonase 多克隆抗体polyclonal antibody 多胺ployamines,PA 色素pigment 色素蛋白复合体pigment protein complex 色氨酸tryptophan 色氨酸单加氧酶thyphophan monooxygenase 色胺tryptamine 交替氧化酶alternative oxidase 交替途径alternative pathway 交叉适应现象cross adaptation 交叉忍耐cross tolerances 次生壁secondary wall 次级共运转secondary cotransport 次级电子供体secondary electron donor 次级电子受体secondary electron acceptor 次级库subordinate sinks 异花授粉allogamy 异构酶isomerase 异柠檬酸裂解酶isocitratelyase 异柠檬酸脱氢酶isocitric acid dehydrogenase 异戊烯基腺苷isopentenyl adenosine,iPA 异戊烯基腺嘌呤isopentenyladenine,ip 异戊烯转移酶isopentenyl transferase 异戊烯焦磷酸isopentenyl pyrophosphate 异化作用disassimilation 阳生植物sun plant 阴生植物shade plant 红花菜豆酸phaseic acid 红光red light 红降red drop 纤维素cellulose 纤维素酶cellulase 七画麦芽糖酶maltase 形态发生morphogenesis 远红光far red light 运动反应motor response 运转器translocator 韧皮部装载phloem loading 韧皮部卸出phloem unloading 韧皮蛋白P 蛋白phloem protein 坏死性死亡necrosis death 赤藓糖4 磷酸erythrose-4-phosphate 赤霉素gibberellin，GA 赤霉烷gibberellane 抑制剂depressant 抗坏血酸氧化酶ascorbate oxidase 抗盐性salt resistance 抗热性heat resistance 抗蒸腾剂antitranspirant 抗旱性drought resistance 抗虫性pest resistance 抗氰呼吸cyanide resistant respiration 抗氰氧化酶cyanide resistant oxidase 抗冻性freezing resistance 抗冷性chilling resistance 抗病性disease resistance 抗性resistance,hardiness 抗涝性flood resistance 抗张强度tensile strength 壳梭孢菌素fusicoccin，FC 拟核体nucleoid 拟脂体lipid body 芽休眠bud dormancy 花芽分化flower bud differentiation 花的发端initiation of flower 花熟状态ripeness to flower state 花粉pollen 花粉粒pollen grain 6-苄基腺嘌呤6-benzyl adenine，BA 克隆clone 极性polarity 极性运输polar transport 极性分子polar molecule 束缚型赤霉素conjugated gibberellin 束缚型生长素bound auxin 束缚水bound water 两极光周期植物amphophotoperiodism plant 还原阶段reduction phase 旱害drought injury 旱生植物xerophytes 吲哚丁酸indole-3-butyric acid，IBA 吲哚丙酮酸indole pyruvic acid 吲哚丙酸indole propionic acid 吲哚乙醛indole acetaldehyde 吲哚乙酰天冬氨酸indole acetyl aspartic acid 吲哚乙酰葡萄糖indole acetyl glucose 吲哚乙酰肌醇indole acetyl inositol 吲哚乙酸indole-3-acetic acid，IAA 吲哚乙酸氧化酶IAA oxidase 吲哚乙腈indole acetonitrile 别藻蓝蛋白allophycocyanin 延胡索酸酶fumarase 体细胞无孢子生殖somatic apospory 体细胞胚somatic embryo 伸展蛋白extensin 低温诱导蛋白low temperature induced protein 希尔氧化剂Hill oxidant 希尔反应Hill reaction 谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase，GS 谷氨酸合酶glutamate synthase,GOGAT 谷氨酸脱氢酶glutamate dehydrogenase，GDH 谷氨酸乙醛酸转氨酶glutamate glyoxylate aminotransferase 谷胱甘肽glutathione 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione peroxidase，GPX 谷胱甘肽还原酶glutathione reductase，GR 邻香豆酸ocoumaric acid 邻近细胞neighbouring cell 免疫immune 角质蒸腾cuticular transpiration 系统获得性抗性systemic acquired resistance 系统肽systemin 冻害freezing injury 库sink 库强sink strength 应变素allergens 冷击蛋白cold shock protein 冷响应蛋白cold responsive protein 冷害chilling injury 间质stroma 泛醌ubiquinone,UQ 泛醌氧化还原酶ubiquinone oxidoreductase 完熟ripening 初生壁primary wall 初级共运转primary cotransport 识别recognition 层积处理stratification 张力tension 阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白arabinogalactan protein 阿斯匹林aspirin 驱动蛋白kinesin 纺锤体spindle 八画环式光合磷酸化cyclic photophosphorylation 环式电子传递cyclic electron transport 环境污染environmental pollution 环腺苷酸cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP 环脂肪酸cyclic fatty acid 环割试验girdling experiment 表面张力surface tension ，表异构酶epimerase 表观光合速率apparent photosynthetic rate 表观库强apparent sink strength 顶端优势apical dominance 茉莉酸jasmonic acid，JA 茉莉酸甲酯methyl jasmonate，MeJA 茉莉酸类jasmonates 苯丙氨酸phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸解氨酶phenylalanine ammonia lyase 苯乙酸phenylactic acid 苹果酸malate,Mal 苹果酸酶malic enzyme 苹果酸代谢学说malate bolism theory 苹果酸合成酶malate synthetase 苹果酸脱氢酶malic acid dehydrogenase ，直链淀粉amylose 板块镶嵌模型plate mosaic model 刺激感受stimulus perception 刺激性单性结实stimulative parthenocarpy 矿质元素mineral element 矿质营养mineral nutrition 转运肽transit peptide 转基因植物transgenic plant 转醛醇酶transaldolase 转酮酶transketolase 转移细胞transfer cell,TC 转化酶invertase ，转录因子tranion factors 非环式光合磷酸化non cyclic photophosphorylation 非环式电子传递noncyclic electron transport 非堆叠区nonappressed region 果胶pectin 果胶物质pectic substances 果胶酶pectinase 果胶酸pectic acid 果糖1，6 二磷酸fructose-1,6-bisphosphate,FBP 果糖1，6 二磷酸酯酶fructose-1,6-bispho sphate phosphatase 果糖-6-磷酸fructose-6-phosphate,F6P 果糖激酶fructokinase 固氮酶nitrogenase 固定化细胞immobilized cells 呼吸速率respiratory rate 呼吸电子传递链respiratory electron transport chain 呼吸跃变respiratory climacteric 呼吸链respiratory chain 呼吸作用respiration 呼吸系数respiratory coefficient 呼吸底物respiratory substrate 吸呼效率respiratory ratio 呼吸商respiratory quotient，RQ 岩棉栽培rockwool culture 罗汉松内酯podolactone 物理信号physical signal 物候期phenological period 质蓝素plastocyanin，PC 质体plastid 质体醌plastoquinone，PQ ，质体小球plastoglobulus 质壁分离plasmolysis ，质壁分离复原deplasmolysis 质子动力proton motive force，pmf 质子泵proton pump 质外体apoplast 质外体运输apoplastic transport 质外体装载apoplasmic phloem loading 质外体途径apoplast pathway 受体receptor ，，受精作用fertilization 乳酸脱氢酶lactic acid dehydrogenase 乳酸发酵lactate fermentation 胁迫stress 胁迫激素stress hormone 胁变strain 周期性growth periodicity 鱼藤酮rotenone 饱和蒸气压saturation vapor pressure 夜间断night break 底物水平磷酸化substrate level phosphorylation 放热呼吸thermogenic respiration 放氧复合体oxygen evolving complex ，放射免疫检测法radioimmunoassay 放线菌素actinomycin D 净光合速率net photosynthetic rate 净同化率net assimilation rate,NAR ，育性转化fertility change 性别表达sex expression 单“S”形生长曲线single sigmoid growth curve 单盐毒害toxiciy of single salt 单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody 单酚氧化酶monophenol oxidase 单倍体无配子生殖haploid apogamr 单倍体孤雄生殖haploid androgenesis 单倍体孤雌生殖haploid parthenogenesis 单向传递体uniport 单性结实parthenocarpy 法呢基焦磷酸farnesyl pyrophosphate ，油菜素brassin 油菜素内酯brassinolide，BR 油菜素甾体类化合物brassinosteroids 油酸oleic acid 油体oil body 油体蛋白oleosins 泥炭培养peat culture 空种皮技术empty seed coat technique 衬质matrix 衬质势matrix potential 衬质水势matrix water potential 降解breakdown 线性期linear phase 线粒体mitochondria ，细菌叶绿素bacteriochlorophyll 细胞克隆cell clone 细胞板cell plate 细胞松弛素B cytochalasin B 细胞融合cell fusion 细胞浆cytosol 细胞器cell organelle 细胞骨架cytoskeleton 细胞繁殖cell reproduction 细胞质环流cyclosis 细胞质基质cytoplasmic matrix 细胞质膜plasma membrane 细胞全能性totipotency 细胞分裂素cytokinin，CTK 细胞分裂素氧化酶cytokinin oxidase 细胞分化cell differentiation 细胞膜cell membrane 细胞周期cell cycle 细胞色素cytochrome，Cyt 细胞色素氧化酶cytochrome oxidase 细胞衰老cellular aging 细胞液cell sap 细胞学说cell theory 细胞壁cell wall 孤立体系isolated system 孢粉素pollenin 孢子体型不亲和sporophyric self incompatibility,SSI 九画春化素vernalin 春化作用vernalization 封闭体系closed system 指数期logarithmic phase 草酰乙酸oxaloacetic acid，OAA 荧光fluorescence 荧光猝灭剂fluorescence quencher ，胡萝卜素carotene 枯斑necrotic spot 相互竞争alle

展开阅读全文