植物生理学中英文对照.doc

一画乙醛酸体glyoxysome乙醛酸循环glyoxylate cycle，GAC乙醇酸glycolate，glycolic acid乙醇酸氧化酶glycolate oxidase乙醇酸氧化途径glycolic acid oxidation pathway乙醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase乙烯ethylene乙烯利ethrel二画二型性别dimorphism二苯脲diphenylurea二酰甘油diacylglycerol，DG，DAG二硝基酚dinitrophenol，DNP 11,3-二磷酸甘油酸1,3-bisphosphoglycerate二氧化碳猝发CO2 outburst二氧化碳饱和点CO2 saturation point二氧化碳补偿点CO2 compensation point二氨丙烷diaminopropane2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,2,4-D二氢玉米素dihydrozeatin二氢吡咯pyrroline二氢红花菜豆酸dihydrophaseic acid二羟丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate，DHAP人工种子artificial seeds儿茶酚氧化酶catechol oxidase三画三十烷醇1-triacontanol三碘苯甲酸2，3，5-triiodobenzoic acid，TIBA三氯苯氧乙酸trichlorophenoxyacetic acid三重反应triple response 293三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle，TCAC干旱drought干旱胁迫drought stress土壤植物大气连续体soil-plant-atmosphere continuum,SPAC下调作用down regulation大纤丝macrofibril大量元素major element，微量元素macroelement小孔扩散律small pore diffusion law尸胺cadaverine 299己糖磷酸途径hexose monophosphate pathway，HMP己糖激酶hexokinase马来酰肼maleic hydrazide,MH四画开放体系open system天然单性结实natural parthenocarpy天冬氨酸aspartate,Asp天冬氨酸转氨酶aspartate amino transferase天线色素antenna pigment无土栽培soilless culture无融合生殖apomixis无辐射退激radiationless deexcitation无氧呼吸anaerobic respiration 1无氧呼吸消失点anaerobic respiration extinction point无籽果实seedless fruit无限生长indeterminate growth无孢子生殖apospory无丝分裂amitosis木酮糖5 磷酸xylulose-5-phosphate木质素lignin支链淀粉amylopectin区域化compartmentation瓦伯格效应Warburg effect日中性植物day neutral plant中日照植物intermediate day length plant中央液泡central vacuole34 中间植物34 intermediate plant中间丝intermediate filament中层middle lamella水培hydroponics水培法water culture method水势water potential水杨基氧肟酸salicylhydroxamate，SHAM水杨酸salicylic acid,SA水生植物hydrophytes水氧化钟water oxidizing clock水合补偿点hydration compensation point水分亏缺water deficit水分平衡water balance水分临界期critical period of water水分代谢water bolism水溶清蛋白albumin水通道蛋白water channel protein水孔蛋白aquaporins内吞endocytosis内聚力cohesion内聚力学说cohesion theory内在蛋白intrinsic protein内酯酶lactonase内转换internal conversion内向K +通道inward K + channel ，内质网endoplasmic reticulum,ER内膜endomembrane内能internal energy贝壳杉烯kaurene气培法aeroponics气相色谱gas chromatography气腔网络air space netwotk气穴现象cavitation气孔开度stomatal aperture气孔运动stomatal movement气孔蒸腾stomatal transpiration气孔下腔substomatal cavities气孔频度stomatal frequency毛管水capillary water毛细作用capillarity长日植物long day plant长短日植物long short day plant片层lamellae化学势chemical potential化学信号chemical signal化学渗透学说chemiosmotic theory反向传递antiport反馈抑制feedback inhibition反馈调节feedback regulation反应中心reaction center ，反应中心色素分子reaction center pigment介电常数dielectric constant分支酶branching enzyme分化differentiation分泌囊泡secretory vesicles比热容specific heat比集运转速率specific mass transfer rate，SMTR比久B9,二甲胺基琥珀酰胺酸 dimethyl aminosuccinamic acid巴斯德效应Pasteur effect双“S”形生长曲线double sigmoid growth curve双光系统two photosystem双向运输bidirectional transport双受精double fertilization五画末端氧化酶terminal oxidase玉米素zeatin，ZT玉米素核苷zeatin riboside玉米素顺反异构酶zeatin cistrans isomerase玉米赤霉烯酮zearaienone正常性种子orthodox seed正化学信号positive chemical signal正向重性positive gravitropism正效应物positive effector去春化作用devernalization去极化depolarization去镁叶绿素pheophytin，Pheo甘氨酸甜菜碱glycine betaine甘油三酯triacylglycerols,TAG甘油3 磷酸glycerol-3-phosphate甘油3 磷酸脱氢酶glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase甘油醛3 磷酸glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate，GAP甘油醛3 磷酸脱氢酶ghyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase甘油酸激酶glycerate kinase可溶性氧化酶soluble oxidase可溶性淀粉合成酶soluble starch synthase丙酮酸pyruvate丙酮酸磷酸二激酶pyruvate phosphate dikinase PPPk丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体pyruvic acid dehydrogenase complex丙酮酸脱羧酶pyruvic acid decarboxylase丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase丙氨酸甜菜碱alaninebetaine丙糖磷酸异构酶triose phosphate isomerase戊糖磷酸途径pentose phosphate pathway，PPP平衡压力balance pressure平衡石statolith平衡溶液balance solution平衡细胞statocyles灭光信号light off signal卡尔文循环Calvin cycle叶黄素xanthophyll叶面营养foliar nutrition叶面积系数leaf area index，LAI叶肉细胞mesophyll cell叶绿素chlorophyll,Chl叶绿体chloroplast叶绿体被膜chloroplast envelope5-甲硫基核苷5-methylthioribose甲硫氨酸methionine甲瓦龙酸甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid电中性electroneutrality电化学势electrochemical potential电负性electronegative田间持水量field capacity四氢吡喃苄基腺嘌呤 tetrahydropyranyl benzyladenine生理碱性盐physiologically alkaline salt生理酸性盐physiologically acid salt生理中性盐physiologically neutral salt生理钟physiological clock生理休眠physiological dormancy生殖生长reproductive growth生殖细胞无孢子生殖generatine apospory生物大分子biomacromolecule生物固氮biological nitrogen fixation生物钟biological clock生物氧化biological oxidation生物分子biomolecule生物膜biomembrane生长growth生长素auxin生长素梯度学说auxin gradient theory生长素 赖氨酸合成酶IAA lysinesynthetase生长素结合蛋白auxin binding protein生长抑制剂growth inhibitor生长大周期grand period of growth生长呼吸growth respiration生长延缓剂growth retardant生长的周期性growth periodicity生长效率growth efficiency生长发育growth and development生命周期life cycle生色团chromophore代谢bolism代谢库bolic sink代谢源bolic source外排exocytosis外植体explant外在蛋白extrinsic protein外连丝ectodesmata外向K通道outward K + channel外膜outer membrane饥饿基因famine gene主动转运active transport主动吸水active absorption of water主动吸收active absorption主宰酶master enzyme主导库dominant sink半醌semiquinone半支莲醛potulai半透膜semipermeable membrane半自主性细胞器semiautonomous organelle半月苔酸lunlaric acid半纤维素hemicellulose它感化合物allelochemical必需元素essential element永久萎蔫permanent wilting永久萎蔫系数permanent wilting coefficient皮孔蒸腾lenticular transpiration发酵fermentation发育development对氯汞苯磺酸parachloro-mercuribenzene sulfonate幼年期juvenile phase丝状亚基fibrous subunits丝氨酸serine丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶 serine glyoxylate aminotransferase六画动作电位action potential，AP动力蛋白dynamin老化aging共振传递resonance transfer共价键covalent bond共向传递体symport共质体symplast共质体运输symplastic transport共质体装载symplastic phloem loading共质体途径symplast pathway亚硝酸还原酶nitrite reductase，NiR亚胺环已酮cycloheximide亚麻酸linolenic acid亚精胺spermidine亚油酸linoleic acid过氧化氢酶catalase，CAT过氧化物酶peroxidase，POD过氧化物体peroxisome过敏反应hypersensitive reaction再春化现象revernalization再生阶段regeneration phase再分配redistribution再分化redifferentiation扩散作用diffusion ，协助扩散facilitated diffusion西罗血红素sirohaem压力探针pressure probe压力势pressure potential压力流学说pressure flow hypothesis压力室法pressure chamber有氧呼吸aerobic respiration有益元素beneficial elements有限生长determinate growth有丝分裂reduction mitosis灰分ash灰分元素ash element死亡激素death hormone成花素florigen成花决定态floral determinated state成花启动floral evocation成花诱导floral induction成膜体phragmoplast成熟maturation光形态建成photomorphogenesis光呼吸photorespiration光呼吸碳氧化循环photorespiration carbon oxidation cycle光敏色素phytochrome，PHY光保护作用photoprotection光化学烟雾photochemical smog光反应light reaction光合速率photosynthetic rate光合有效辐射photosynthetically active radiation，PAR光合碳还原循环photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle光合磷酸化photophosphorylation光合链photosynthetic chain光合午睡现象midday depression of photosynthesis光合作用photosynthesis光合作用的光抑制photoinhibition of photo synthesis光合膜photosynthetic membrane光合产物photosynthetic yield光合单位photosynthetic unit光合滞后期lag phase of photosynthesis光合细菌photosynthetic bacteria光受体photoreceptor光周期photoperiod光周期现象photoperiodism光周期诱导photoperiodic induction光饱和点light saturation point光系统 photosystem ，PS光系统 photosystem ，PS光亲和标记photoaffinity labling光滑性内质网smooth endoplasmic reticulum光补偿点light compensation point光调节因子light regulated element光能利用率efficiency for solar energy utilization早熟发芽precocious germination早前期带preprophase band，PPB ，吐水guttation同型二聚体homodimer同化物assimilate同化物运输assimilate transportation同化作用assimilation同化力assimilatory power同源异型基因homeotic gene同源异型突变homeotic mutation吸胀吸水imbibing absorption of water吸胀作用imbibition ，吸收光谱absorption spectrum吸附作用absorption回补机制replenishing mechanism传递体transporter休眠dormancy休眠素dormin伤呼吸wound respiration伤流bleeding伤流液bleeding sap自动催化作用autocatalysis自花授粉self pollination自由基free radical自由水free water自由空间free space自由能free energy自交不亲和性self incompatibility自交不育self infertility自养性autotropism自溶作用autolysis向光性phototropism向重性gravitropism向化性chemotropism向触性thigmotropism向性运动tropic movement后熟作用after ripening近似昼夜节奏circadian rhythm杀粉蝶菌素A piericidin A合子zygote肌动蛋白actin肌醇三磷酸inositol-1,4,5-triphophate，IP3肌醇磷脂lipositol负化学信号negative chemical signal负向重性negative gravitropism负效应物negative effector多元酚氧化酶polyphenol oxidase多聚核糖体polyribosome多聚化截留机理polymerization trap mechanism多聚半乳糖醛酸酶polygalacturonase多克隆抗体polyclonal antibody多胺ployamines,PA色素pigment色素蛋白复合体pigment protein complex色氨酸tryptophan色氨酸单加氧酶thyphophan monooxygenase色胺tryptamine交替氧化酶alternative oxidase交替途径alternative pathway交叉适应现象cross adaptation交叉忍耐cross tolerances次生壁secondary wall次级共运转secondary cotransport次级电子供体secondary electron donor次级电子受体secondary electron acceptor次级库subordinate sinks异花授粉allogamy异构酶isomerase异柠檬酸裂解酶isocitratelyase异柠檬酸脱氢酶isocitric acid dehydrogenase异戊烯基腺苷isopentenyl adenosine,iPA异戊烯基腺嘌呤isopentenyladenine,ip异戊烯转移酶isopentenyl transferase异戊烯焦磷酸isopentenyl pyrophosphate异化作用disassimilation阳生植物sun plant阴生植物shade plant红花菜豆酸phaseic acid红光red light红降red drop纤维素cellulose纤维素酶cellulase七画麦芽糖酶maltase形态发生morphogenesis远红光far red light运动反应motor response运转器translocator韧皮部装载phloem loading韧皮部卸出phloem unloading韧皮蛋白P 蛋白phloem protein坏死性死亡necrosis death赤藓糖4 磷酸erythrose-4-phosphate赤霉素gibberellin，GA赤霉烷gibberellane抑制剂depressant抗坏血酸氧化酶ascorbate oxidase抗盐性salt resistance抗热性heat resistance抗蒸腾剂antitranspirant抗旱性drought resistance抗虫性pest resistance抗氰呼吸cyanide resistant respiration抗氰氧化酶cyanide resistant oxidase抗冻性freezing resistance抗冷性chilling resistance抗病性disease resistance抗性resistance,hardiness抗涝性flood resistance抗张强度tensile strength壳梭孢菌素fusicoccin，FC拟核体nucleoid拟脂体lipid body芽休眠bud dormancy花芽分化flower bud differentiation花的发端initiation of flower花熟状态ripeness to flower state花粉pollen花粉粒pollen grain6-苄基腺嘌呤6-benzyl adenine，BA克隆clone极性polarity极性运输polar transport极性分子polar molecule束缚型赤霉素conjugated gibberellin束缚型生长素bound auxin束缚水bound water两极光周期植物amphophotoperiodism plant还原阶段reduction phase旱害drought injury旱生植物xerophytes吲哚丁酸indole-3-butyric acid，IBA吲哚丙酮酸indole pyruvic acid吲哚丙酸indole propionic acid吲哚乙醛indole acetaldehyde吲哚乙酰天冬氨酸indole acetyl aspartic acid吲哚乙酰葡萄糖indole acetyl glucose吲哚乙酰肌醇indole acetyl inositol吲哚乙酸indole-3-acetic acid，IAA吲哚乙酸氧化酶IAA oxidase吲哚乙腈indole acetonitrile别藻蓝蛋白allophycocyanin延胡索酸酶fumarase体细胞无孢子生殖somatic apospory体细胞胚somatic embryo伸展蛋白extensin低温诱导蛋白low temperature induced protein希尔氧化剂Hill oxidant希尔反应Hill reaction谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase，GS谷氨酸合酶glutamate synthase,GOGAT谷氨酸脱氢酶glutamate dehydrogenase，GDH谷氨酸乙醛酸转氨酶glutamate glyoxylate aminotransferase谷胱甘肽glutathione谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione peroxidase，GPX谷胱甘肽还原酶glutathione reductase，GR邻香豆酸ocoumaric acid邻近细胞neighbouring cell免疫immune角质蒸腾cuticular transpiration系统获得性抗性systemic acquired resistance系统肽systemin冻害freezing injury库sink库强sink strength应变素allergens冷击蛋白cold shock protein冷响应蛋白cold responsive protein冷害chilling injury间质stroma泛醌ubiquinone,UQ泛醌氧化还原酶ubiquinone oxidoreductase完熟ripening初生壁primary wall初级共运转primary cotransport识别recognition层积处理stratification张力tension阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白arabinogalactan protein阿斯匹林aspirin驱动蛋白kinesin纺锤体spindle八画环式光合磷酸化cyclic photophosphorylation环式电子传递cyclic electron transport环境污染environmental pollution环腺苷酸cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP环脂肪酸cyclic fatty acid环割试验girdling experiment表面张力surface tension ，表异构酶epimerase表观光合速率apparent photosynthetic rate表观库强apparent sink strength顶端优势apical dominance茉莉酸jasmonic acid，JA茉莉酸甲酯methyl jasmonate，MeJA茉莉酸类jasmonates苯丙氨酸phenylalanine苯丙氨酸解氨酶phenylalanine ammonia lyase苯乙酸phenylactic acid苹果酸malate,Mal苹果酸酶malic enzyme苹果酸代谢学说malate bolism theory苹果酸合成酶malate synthetase苹果酸脱氢酶malic acid dehydrogenase ，直链淀粉amylose板块镶嵌模型plate mosaic model刺激感受stimulus perception刺激性单性结实stimulative parthenocarpy矿质元素mineral element矿质营养mineral nutrition转运肽transit peptide转基因植物transgenic plant转醛醇酶transaldolase转酮酶transketolase转移细胞transfer cell,TC转化酶invertase ，转录因子tranion factors非环式光合磷酸化non cyclic photophosphorylation非环式电子传递noncyclic electron transport非堆叠区nonappressed region果胶pectin果胶物质pectic substances果胶酶pectinase果胶酸pectic acid果糖1，6 二磷酸fructose-1,6-bisphosphate,FBP果糖1，6 二磷酸酯酶fructose-1,6-bispho sphate phosphatase果糖-6-磷酸fructose-6-phosphate,F6P果糖激酶fructokinase固氮酶nitrogenase固定化细胞immobilized cells呼吸速率respiratory rate呼吸电子传递链respiratory electron transport chain呼吸跃变respiratory climacteric呼吸链respiratory chain呼吸作用respiration呼吸系数respiratory coefficient呼吸底物respiratory substrate吸呼效率respiratory ratio呼吸商respiratory quotient，RQ岩棉栽培rockwool culture罗汉松内酯podolactone物理信号physical signal物候期phenological period质蓝素plastocyanin，PC质体plastid质体醌plastoquinone，PQ ，质体小球plastoglobulus质壁分离plasmolysis ，质壁分离复原deplasmolysis质子动力proton motive force，pmf质子泵proton pump质外体apoplast质外体运输apoplastic transport质外体装载apoplasmic phloem loading质外体途径apoplast pathway受体receptor ，受精作用fertilization乳酸脱氢酶lactic acid dehydrogenase乳酸发酵lactate fermentation胁迫stress胁迫激素stress hormone胁变strain周期性growth periodicity鱼藤酮rotenone饱和蒸气压saturation vapor pressure夜间断night break底物水平磷酸化substrate level phosphorylation放热呼吸thermogenic respiration放氧复合体oxygen evolving complex ，放射免疫检测法radioimmunoassay放线菌素actinomycin D净光合速率net photosynthetic rate净同化率net assimilation rate,NAR ，育性转化fertility change性别表达sex expression单“S”形生长曲线single sigmoid growth curve单盐毒害toxiciy of single salt单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody单酚氧化酶monophenol oxidase单倍体无配子生殖haploid apogamr单倍体孤雄生殖haploid androgenesis单倍体孤雌生殖haploid parthenogenesis单向传递体uniport单性结实parthenocarpy法呢基焦磷酸farnesyl pyrophosphate ，油菜素brassin油菜素内酯brassinolide，BR油菜素甾体类化合物brassinosteroids油酸oleic acid油体oil body油体蛋白oleosins泥炭培养peat culture空种皮技术empty seed coat technique衬质matrix衬质势matrix potential衬质水势matrix water potential降解breakdown线性期linear phase线粒体mitochondria ，细菌叶绿素bacteriochlorophyll细胞克隆cell clone细胞板cell plate细胞松弛素B cytochalasin B细胞融合cell fusion细胞浆cytosol细胞器cell organelle细胞骨架cytoskeleton细胞繁殖cell reproduction细胞质环流cyclosis细胞质基质cytoplasmic matrix细胞质膜plasma membrane细胞全能性totipotency细胞分裂素cytokinin，CTK细胞分裂素氧化酶cytokinin oxidase细胞分化cell differentiation细胞膜cell membrane细胞周期cell cycle细胞色素cytochrome，Cyt细胞色素氧化酶cytochrome oxidase细胞衰老cellular aging细胞液cell sap细胞学说cell theory细胞壁cell wall孤立体系isolated system孢粉素pollenin孢子体型不亲和sporophyric self incompatibility,SSI九画春化素vernalin春化作用vernalization封闭体系closed system指数期logarithmic phase草酰乙酸oxaloacetic acid，OAA荧光fluorescence荧光猝灭剂fluorescence quencher ，胡萝卜素carotene枯斑necrotic spot相互竞争alle