NS网络模拟和协议仿真源代码.doc

第4章
例1

#建立一个模拟
set ns [new Simulator]

#定义不同数据流的颜色（NAM显示时用到）
$ns color 1 Blue
$ns color 2 Red

#开启Trace跟踪和NAM跟踪
set tracefd [open wired.tr w]
$ns trace-all $tracefd
set nf [open wired.nam w]
$ns namtrace-all $nf

#定义结束进程
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefd nf
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefd
close $nf
exit 0
}

#定义节点
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
set n2 [$ns node]
set n3 [$ns node]
set n4 [$ns node]
set n5 [$ns node]
#$n5 color black
$n5 color red

#定义节点间的链路
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 2Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 2Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n4 2Mb 20ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n3 $n4 2Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n4 $n5 2Mb 10ms DropTail

#定义链路的队列长度
$ns queue-limit $n1 $n4 10

#指定节点间的相互位置（NAM显示用到）
$ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n1 orient right-down
$ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n1 orient right-up
$ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n4 orient right
$ns duplex-link-op $n3 $n4 orient left-down
$ns duplex-link-op $n5 $n4 orient left-up

#监视链路的队列
$ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n4 queuePos 0.5

#建立一个TCP连接
set tcp [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $n0 $tcp
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $n5 $sink
$ns connect $tcp $sink
$tcp set fid_ 1

#在TCP连接上建立FTP流
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp
$ftp set type_ FTP

#建立一个UDP代理
set udp [new Agent/UDP] ;#建立一个数据发送代理
$ns attach-agent $n2 $udp ;#将数据发送代理绑定到发送节点
set null [new Agent/Null] ;#建立一个数据接收代理
$ns attach-agent $n3 $null ;#将数据接收代理绑定到接收节点
$ns connect $udp $null ;#连接两个代理（也就决定了数据包的发送和接收节点）
$udp set fid_ 2

#在UDP代理上建立CBR流
set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr attach-agent $udp
$cbr set type_ CBR
$cbr set packet_size_ 1000
$cbr set rate_ 1mb
$cbr set random_ false

#启动和结束流代理
$ns at 0.5 "$cbr start"
$ns at 1.0 "$ftp start"
$ns at 9.0 "$ftp stop"
$ns at 9.5 "$cbr stop"

$ns at 9.5 "$ns detach-agent $n0 $tcp; $ns detach-agent $n5 $sink"

#仿真结束时调用结束进程
$ns at 10.0 "finish"

#打印CBR数据包的大小和间隔
puts "CBR packet_size_ = [$cbr set packet_size_]"
puts "CBR interval = [$cbr set interval_]"

#执行模拟
$ns run

例2
#简单无线网络模型模拟

#无线节点参数
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type 信道类型：无线信道
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model 信道模型：TwoRayGround
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type 无线物理层
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type MAC层协议
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(rp) AODV ;# 路由协议
set val(x) 600 ;# 拓扑－长度
set val(y) 200 ;# 拓扑－宽度
set val(stop) 10.0 ;# time of simulation end

# 建立一个simulator实例
set ns [new Simulator]
#$ns use-newtrace

#开启Trace跟踪和NAM跟踪
set tracefd [open wireless.tr w]
set namtrace [open wireless.nam w]
$ns trace-all $tracefd
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

#建立topology对象
set topo [new Topography]
$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)

#创建god
create-god 3

set chan_1_ [new $val(chan)]

#配置无线节点（包括使用何种路由协议，何种mac协议，无线信道的模型等等）
$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channel $chan_1_ \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace ON \
-movementTrace OFF

#建立无线节点并设置节点的位置（节点位置决定了拓扑结构）
set n(0) [$ns node]
#$n(0) shape hexagon
#$n(0) label n0
#$n(0) label-color Red
$n(0) random-motion 0
$n(0) set X_ 100.0
$n(0) set Y_ 100.0
$n(0) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $n(0) 20

set n(1) [$ns node]
$n(1) random-motion 0
$n(1) set X_ 300.0
$n(1) set Y_ 100.0
$n(1) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $n(1) 20

set n(2) [$ns node]
$n(2) random-motion 0
$n(2) set X_ 500.0
$n(2) set Y_ 100.0
$n(2) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $n(2) 20

#建立一个UDP代理
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] ;#建立一个数据发送代理
$ns attach-agent $n(0) $udp0 ;#将数据发送代理绑定到发送节点
set null0 [new Agent/Null] ;#建立一个数据接收代理
$ns attach-agent $n(2) $null0 ;#将数据接收代理绑定到接收节点
$ns connect $udp0 $null0 ;#连接两个代理（也就决定了数据包的发送和接收节点）

#在UDP代理上建立CBR流
set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr attach-agent $udp0

# 仿真结束时重置节点
for {set i 0} {$i < 3 } {incr i} {
$ns at 10.0 "$n($i) reset";
}

#启动和结束流代理
$ns at 0.5 "$cbr start"
$ns at 9.5 "$cbr stop"

#定义结束进程
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefd namtrace
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefd
close $namtrace
exit 0
}

#仿真结束时调用结束进程
$ns at $val(stop) "finish"
$ns at $val(stop) "puts \"NS EXISTING...\"; $ns halt"

puts "Start Simulation..."

# run the simulation
$ns run

例3

#有线无线网络混合模拟

#无线节点参数
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type 信道类型：无线信道
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model 信道模型：TwoRayGround
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type 无线物理层
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type MAC层协议
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(rp) DSDV ;#路由协议
set val(nn) 4 ;#节点数目
set val(x) 600 ;
set val(y) 600 ;
set val(stop) 10.0 ;# time of simulation end

# 建立一个simulator实例
set ns [new Simulator]

#设定分层路由地址
$ns node-config -addressType hierarchical
AddrParams set domain_num_ 2 ;# 2个网络
lappend cluster_num 1 1 ;# 每个网络一个子网
AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num
lappend eilastlevel 1 3 ;# 2个子网的节点数目为1和3
AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel
puts "Configuration of hierarchical addressing done"

#$ns use-newtrace

#设置trace
set tracefd [open wired_wireless2.tr w]
set namtrace [open wired_wireless2.nam w]
$ns trace-all $tracefd
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

#建立topology对象
set topo [new Topography]
$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)

#创建god
create-god $val(nn)

set sinkNode [$ns node 0.0.0]
$sinkNode set X_ 500
$sinkNode set Y_ 300
$sinkNode set Z_ 0
$ns initial_node_pos $sinkNode 60

set chan_1_ [new $val(chan)]

#无线节点配置
$ns node-config -wiredRouting ON \
-adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channel $chan_1_ \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace ON \
-movementTrace OFF

#新建BS节点
set bs(0) [$ns node 1.0.0]
$bs(0) random-motion 0
#节点标签与初始位置设定
$bs(0) set X_ 200.0
$bs(0) set Y_ 300.0
$bs(0) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $bs(0) 60

#定义节点间的链路
$ns duplex-link $sinkNode $bs(0) 10Mb 1ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link-op $sinkNode $bs(0) orient left

#定义链路的队列长度
#$ns queue-limit $bs(0) $sinkNode 10

#监视链路的队列
#$ns duplex-link-op $bs(0) $sinkNode queuePos 0.5

$ns node-config -wiredRouting OFF \
-macType Mac/802_11

#新建SS节点
set ss(0) [$ns node 1.0.1]
$ss(0) base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$bs(0) node-addr]]
$ss(0) set X_ 50.0
$ss(0) set Y_ 450.0
$ss(0) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $ss(0) 60

set ss(1) [$ns node 1.0.2]
$ss(1) base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$bs(0) node-addr]]
$ss(1) set X_ 50.0
$ss(1) set Y_ 150.0
$ss(1) set Z_ 0.0
$ns initial_node_pos $ss(1) 60

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $ss(0) $udp0
set null0 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $sinkNode $null0
$ns connect $udp0 $null0
set ugs0 [new Application/Traffic/UGS]
$ugs0 attach-agent $udp0

set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $sinkNode $udp1
set null1 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $ss(1) $null1
$ns connect $udp1 $null1
set ugs1 [new Application/Traffic/UGS]
$ugs1 attach-agent $udp1

$ns at 0.5 "$ugs0 start"
$ns at 1.0 "$ugs1 start"
$ns at 9.0 "$ugs1 stop"
$ns at 9.5 "$ugs0 stop"

proc finish {} {
global ns tracefd namtrace
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefd
close $namtrace
exit 0
}

#事件安排
$ns at $val(stop) "finish"
$ns at $val(stop) "puts \"NS EXISTING...\"; $ns halt"

puts "Start Simulation..."

# run the simulation
$ns run

第10章

delay.awk

BEGIN {
highest_uid=0;
}
{
event = $1;
time = $2;
node = $3;
len = length(node);
if(len == 3) {
node_ = substr(node,2,1);
trace_type = $4;
flag = $5;
uid = $6;
pkt_type = $7;
pkt_size = $8;
} else {
from_node = $3;
to_node =$4;
pkt_type = $5;
pkt_size = $6;
flag = $7;
uid = $12;
}
if(len==3) {
if(event=="s" && node_==2 && trace_type=="AGT" && pkt_type=="cbr")
start_time[uid] = time;
} else {
if(event=="r" && to_node==0 && pkt_type=="cbr")
end_time[uid] = time;
}

if(highest_uid < uid)
highest_uid = uid;
}
END {
id=1;

k=0;
total_delay=0;
avg_delay=0;

for(i=0; i<=highest_uid; i++ )
{
start = start_time[i];
end = end_time[i];
delay = end - start;
if(delay > 0) {
total_delay=total_delay+delay;
k++;
}
}
avg_delay=total_delay/k;
printf("%f %.9f\n",rate,avg_delay);
}

get_perform

#!/bin/sh
i=1
while [ "$i" -le 300 ]; do
ns w_w.tcl $i
gawk –f delay.awk rate=$i wired_wireless.tr >>delay
gawk –f loss.awk rate=$i wired_wireless.tr >>loss_rate
gawk -f throughtput.awk rate=$i wired_wireless.tr >>throughtput
if ["$i" -le 225 ]; then
i=$(($i+20))
elif ["$i" -le 250 ]; then
i=$(($i+5))
else
i=$(($i+2))
fi
done
exit 0

jitter.awk

BEGIN {
highest_uid=0;
}
{
event = $1;
time = $2;
node = $3;
len = length(node);
if(len == 3) {
node_ = substr(node,2,1);
trace_type = $4;
flag = $5;
uid = $7;
pkt_type = $8;
pkt_size = $9;
} else {
from_node = $3;
to_node =$4;
pkt_type = $5;
pkt_size = $6;
flag = $7;
uid = $12;
}

if(len==3) {
if(event=="s" && node_==2 && trace_type=="AGT" && pkt_type=="cbr")
start_time[uid] = time;
} else {
if(event=="r" && to_node==0 && pkt_type=="cbr")
end_time[uid] = time;
}

if(highest_uid < uid)
highest_uid = uid;
}
END {
id=1;
for(i=0; i<=highest_uid; i++ )
{
start = start_time[i];
end = end_time[i];
if(start < end) {
delay[i]=end-start;
}
}

last_delay=0;
last_seqno=0;
for(i=0; i<=highest_uid; i++)
{
if(delay[i]!=0) {
if(last_delay==0) {
jitter=0;
} else {
jitter=(delay[i]-last_delay)/(i-last_seqno);
}
printf("%d %.8f\n",i,jitter);
last_delay=delay[i];
last_seqno=i;
}
}
}

loss.awk

BEGIN {
fsDrops=0;
numfs2=0;
numfs0=0;
}
{
event = $1;
time = $2;
node = $3;
len = length(node);
if(len == 3) {
node_ = substr(node,2,1);
trace_type = $4;
flag = $5;
uid = $6;
pkt_type = $7;
pkt_size = $8;
} else {
from_node = $3;
to_node =$4;
pkt_type = $5;
pkt_size = $6;
flag = $7;
uid = $12;
}
if(len==3) {
if(event=="s" && node_==2 && trace_type=="AGT" && pkt_type=="cbr")
numfs2++;
} else {
if(event=="r" && to_node==0 && pkt_type=="cbr")
numfs0++;
}
}
END {
loss_rate=0;
fsDrops=numfs2-numfs0;
loss_rate=fsDrops/numfs2;
printf("%f %.3f\n",rate,loss_rate);
}

plot_data

set multiplot
set size 0.5,0.5
set origin 0.0,0.0
set xrange [225:250]
set xlabel "data_rate(Kbps)"
set ylabel "pkt_delay(s)"
plot "delay" with linespoints lw 2 pt 19
set origin 0.5,0.0
set ylabel "loss_rate(100%)"
plot "loss" with linespoints lw 2 pt 19
set origin 0.0,0.5
set ylabel "throughtput(Kbps)"
plot "throughtput" with linespoints lw 2 pt 19

throughtput.awk

BEGIN {
init=0;
i=0;
}
{
event = $1;
time = $2;
node = $3;
len = length(node);
if(len == 3) {
node_ = substr(node,2,1);
trace_type = $4;
flag = $5;
uid = $6;
pkt_type = $7;
pkt_size = $8;
} else {
from_node = $3;
to_node =$4;
pkt_type = $5;
pkt_size = $6;
flag = $7;
uid = $12;
}
if(len==1) {
if(event=="r" && to_node==0 && pkt_type=="cbr") {
pkt_byte_sum[i+1]=pkt_byte_sum[i]+(pkt_size-20);
if(init==0)
{
start_time=time;
init=1;
}
end_time[i]=time;
i++;
}
}
}
END {
th = 8*pkt_byte_sum[i-1]/(end_time[i-1]-start_time)/1000;
printf("%f %.3f\n", rate, th);
}

wire_wireless.tcl

###############################################################################
##############################有线+无线网络混合模拟#############################
###############################################################################
#增加全局变量opt(rate)和过程getopt
set opt(rate) 0 ;#变量opt(rate)保存数据速率值
proc getopt {argc argv} { ;#过程getopt获取从命令行传递过来的数据速率值
global opt
set opt(rate) [lindex $argv 0]
}

#无线节点参数
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy
set val(mac) Mac/802_11
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue
set val(ll) LL
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna
set val(ifqlen) 50
set val(rp) DSDV
set val(nn) 4
set val(x) 600
set val(y) 600
set val(stop) 10.0

# 建立一个simulator实例
set ns [new Simulator]

#设定分层路由地址
$ns node-config -addressType hierarchical
AddrParams set domain_num_ 2 ;# 2个网络
lappend cluster_num 1 1 ;# 每个网络一个子网
AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num
lappend eilastlevel 1 3 ;# 2个子网的节点数目为1和3
AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel
puts "Configuration of hierarchical addressing done"

#$ns use-newtrace

#设置trace
set tracefd [open wired_wireless.tr w]
set namtrace [open wired_wireless.nam w]
$ns trace-all $tracefd
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)