介词关系代词定从解读.ppt

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1-Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词只代人只代人who,whom,只代物只代物which,人和物人和物whose,thatwhere,when，why2-关系副关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof)whichWhy=forwhich关系副关系副词与介与介词+关系代关系代词的替代的替代3-考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语、表语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget the days(_ I stayed with you).whenJurassic Park is about a park _(a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs).where1958 was the year _(Spielberg made his first real film).Please give me the reason _(you made such a great success).whenwhyMorning is the best time _(you practise reading aloud).whenDo you remember the lake _(you first met your girlfriend.）where4-2 2、如定、如定语从句中缺从句中缺宾语，确定定，确定定语从句的从句的谓语动词是不是及物是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副，如不是，用关系副词。考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ the great writer used to live._where inwhichThe house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.whowhom that /_ _My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen5-3 3、如定、如定语从句中从句中谓语结构是被构是被动结构，有主构，有主语，则用用关系副关系副词,没有主没有主语，用，用关系代关系代词。Kunming is a beautiful place _(flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _(new China was founded).whenThe window(_ was opened this morning)has been broken.Which thatThe meeting (_ will be held next week)is very important.Which that考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词6-介介词词+关系代关系代词词引引导导的定的定语语从句从句【知识点1】直接位于介直接位于介词词之后的之后的关系代关系代词词只能是只能是which或或whom，构成，构成介介词词+which（指物）；介（指物）；介词词+whom（指人）（指人）两种两种结结构。构。【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.7-1)根据定根据定语语从句中从句中谓语动词谓语动词的的习惯习惯搭搭 配来决定。配来决定。如何如何选用介用介词？8-1.Do you know the girl_ our head teacher is talking?2.I cant find my dictionary _I paid over$100.3.This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4.She is the teacher _all his students show respect.5.The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.to/with/about whom for which on whichto whomfor whomtalking to/with/about the girlpay for the dictionaryspend money on the carshow respect to the teacherwaiting for the teacher9-2)根据根据先行先行词词的搭配的搭配习惯习惯来决定。来决定。1.IneverforgetthedaysduringwhichIstudiedhard.2.IneverforgetthedayonwhichIwenttocollege.3.IneverforgettheyearinwhichIwenttocollege.10-.Air,_whichmancantlive,isreallyimportant.根据定根据定语从句所表达的从句所表达的意意义来确定来确定withoutThepen_whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.with11-1)TheGermanboss_theactressworksisakindperson.2)Theperson_thespeakerworkslikessinging.3)Thepenfriend_thepoetwritesisgoodatliterature.for whomwith whomto whom12-4).看定看定语语从句中形容从句中形容词词与介与介词词的搭配的搭配 He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.with13-Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在在固定短固定短语语中中介介词词不能提前不能提前下面两句中的介下面两句中的介词词能提前能提前吗吗?14-【知【知识识点点2】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照照顾顾，喜，喜欢欢）hearof/about/from,takecareof等等.：【例】He is the student(who/whom/that)the teachers are looking for.【例】The number of the children(who/whom/that)she takes care of is 30.15-【知【知识识点点3】直接直接位于介位于介词词后面的关系代后面的关系代词词不能省略不能省略，但如果，但如果将介将介词词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词词之前之前时时，可省。可省。【例】The man(who/that/whom)you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service(which/that)the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant(whom/that/who)I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school(which/that)he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair(which/that)he is sitting on now is made of wood.16-【知知识识点点4】关系副关系副词词when,where,why可以相可以相应应地地转转化化为为：介介词词+which结结构。构。【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I dont know the reason why he said so.=I dont know the reason for which he said so.17-【知【知识识点点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】They finally climbed up the mountain,on top of which many strange birds were seen.【例】Look at the photo.This is Mr.Green,in front of whom sit three students.18-【知【知识识点点6】不定代不定代词词+of+which/whom引引导导的定的定语语从句可化从句可化为为of+which/whom+不定代不定代词词结结构；构；这这也是高也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代考常考点。其中用到的不定代词词有有some,any,none,both,all,many,afew,few,alittle,little,either,neither,one,等等。等等。【例】There are 40 students in our class,mostofwhom（=ofwhommost）like English.【例】She has two sons,neitherofwhom（=ofwhomneither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books,noneofwhich(=ofwhichnone)is interesting.The old woman has two sons,_ are teachers.（两个都是）bothofwhom19-We have three foreign teachers,_are from Canada.(其中的两个）【知【知识识点点7】数数词词+介介词词+关系代关系代词词(含基数含基数词词，序数，序数词词，分数，分数和百分数和百分数）twoofwhom20-The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_ are sold abroad.A.of whichB.which of C.of them D.of that 21-【知【知识识点点8】形容形容词词最高最高级级+介介词词+关系代关系代词词Chinahasthousandsofislands,_isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）（其中最大的）the largest of which22-【知知识识点点9】关系代关系代词词whose既可以指人也可以指物，既可以指人也可以指物，whose+名名词词引引导导的定的定语语从句可从句可转转化化为为the+名名词词+of+which/whom或或of+which/whom+the+名名词结词结构构；of表所属关系。表所属关系。【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.=I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.=This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.=This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.23-【知【知识识点点10】介】介词词+关系副关系副词词介介词词后不一定只能接关系代后不一定只能接关系代词词，可能会接，可能会接关关系副系副词词，主要取决于介，主要取决于介词词及句子意思及句子意思，常，常见的是的是from where 和和since when。【例】He used to live in London,from where he came.【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988,since when he has improved himself in all aspects.24-特殊用法：特殊用法：先行先行词是是the way的时候，关系词用inwhich,that或不填不填Idontlikethewayinwhichhespeakstohismother.Idontlikethewaythathespeakstohismother.Idontlikethewayhespeakstohismother.25-1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物及物动词动词及物及物动词动词及物及物动词动词26-介词+关系词专项练习1Onhis10thbirthday.Martymanagestoescapefromthezooandgetsintothesubway,_hebelievesthathecangotothewild.A.whichB.fromwhatC.througwhichD.that2Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_peoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.inwhich3.Iamgratefultohimforthatadvice,_Ioweallmysuccess.A.whichB.thatC.towhichD.bywhichCDC27-4.CanyoutellmewherePeterlives?Overthere.Thetwostoreyhouse,_thereisagarden.A.nearitB.fromwhichC.infrontofitD.infrontofwhich5.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,_uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.AinwhichBforwhomCwithwhichDofwhom6.Therearetwosmallroomsinthehouse,servedasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.smallestofwhichDDB28-7.Ihavemanyfriends,_somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom8.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,_kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.A.fromthatB.fromwhereC.fromthereD.fromhere9.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichDBC29-10.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat11.Humorwasameans_theAmericanwriterwouldwinpopularacceptance.A.inwhichB.ofwhichC.whichD.bywhich12.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhichADD30-13.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which14.Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool,_aregirls.A.ofwhomtwo-thirdsB.two-thirdofthemC.two-thirdinthemD.two-thirdsinwhich15.Hehadabadcold,_hedidntattendthemeeting.A.becauseB.becauseofwhichC.towhichD.becauseofthatBAB31-