牛津译林版7B-Unit2-知识点总结与练习.doc

牛津译林版7B Unit2 知识点总结与练习
ic strip
1. I'm afraid they won't wele visitors like you. 恐怕他们不会欢迎像你这样的客人。
（1）I'm afraid 译为“恐怕”，是一种口语表达习惯，通常不用 he's afraid, she's afraid.
例： I'm afraid it is going to rain tomorrow. 恐怕明天要下雨了。
翻译：恐怕他下个星期不能去上学了因为他得了感冒。                     
补充：be afraid of sth 害怕某物 我害怕蛇
‚I'm afraid so. 我恐怕是这样的。 I‘m afraid not. 我恐怕不是这样的。
I think so. 我如此认为。 I don't think so. 我不这样认为。
③ be afraid of doing sth
④ be afraid to do sth 表示“怕….. ”之意
难道他不怕死吗？
---Can I have dinner with you?我能与你共进晚餐吗？--- Sorry, I'm afraid not.这里的意思是：对不起，不能
例：(  ) —Will you e to join us in the trip?
—        . You see, I have to get ready for the ing party.
A. Thank you           B. I'd love to    C. I am afraid not    D. All right
例：（ ）The little girl was afraid _____ on the wooden bridge.
A walks B walk C to walk D walking
（2）visitor 派生词 有visit演变
职业 baker barber butcher carpenter cashier
cleaner dancer driver engineer employer
farmer gatekeeper hairdresser hunter
keeper lawyer manager officer painter player
producer reporter singer shopkeeper soldier
teacher waiter waitress worker writer
actress beggar employee
actor conductor director doctor
editor inventor professor sailor tailor
accountant assistant astronaut servant
artist dentist host pilot priest scientist typist
businessman fishman spaceman policeman postman seaman
captain model DJ judge
cook nurse clerk secretary
(3) like
介词 像 与…一样
like 与as 的区别

动词 喜欢做某事

2. Most of them have 14 floors.大多数楼有14层。
most的用法
 表示“数量上最多，最大”，为many或much 的最高级。
例： She had the most money of all of them.在这些人中，她最有钱。
‚ most of + the/this/these/that/those/物主代词+名词，指某一范围内的多数。（名词前面一定要有修饰词）
例：Most of the students e from China. most of my books
ƒ most of +可数名词复数+ V复 most of +不可数名词+V单
④most 与 most of 的区别
1 most+名词 表泛指，无范围 如： most young people
II most of + 名词 指某一范围的多数
III most of +人称代词，of 不能少 如： most of them
两者有时可互换： Most teachers in this school are women.= Most of the teachers in this school are women.
翻译： 那里大多数的医生来自中国。
大部分水是干净的。

3 It’s good to live in a neighbourhood like that. 住在那样的居民区里真好。
It+ be+ 形容词+ to do sth 是英语中常见的一个句式，是“做某事是……的”。
表示对某人来说做某事是…..的：
如果形容词说明人的品质、性格特征，则用：
翻译： 弹钢琴很容易。
对我们来说，保护我们的地球是重要的。
帮助那位老人你真善良。

练习
1. People who live next to each other are n_________________ .
2. Do you want to bee a doctor l______________ him ?
3. Wow , how tall the new ___________________ (build) are!
4. Every year many v________________ e to London to see Big Ben.
5. Would you like ______________________( anything) to eat , please?
6. The two beautiful sweaters are for the __________________( twin ).
7. There are many different ______________________ ( 访客) in this place.
8. Palace is my _________________________ ( 最喜欢的) .
9. One of _____________________(wait) is his cousin.
10. Stephen likes sports very much, like _____________(play) football, basketball and so on.
1. Wele ____________ (visit) our city!
2. There ____________ (not be ) any interesting news in today’ s newspaper.
3. Would your mother like _________________ ( wash ) the dishes after dinner?
4. Huang Lei is good at ___________ ( check ) cars.
5. When and where _________ they _________ (meet) their friends?
6. Tom , _____________________ ( not be ) late for school again.
7. Let’s ____________ (go) to the zoo by bike!
8. Amy ___________ ( not teach ) us puter games.

Reading
1. They are kind and helpful. 他们友好而且乐于助人。
helpful (adj.) 乐于助人，有帮助的 help---helpful care---careful
如：琳达经常帮助我，她是一位乐于助人的女孩。                            
‚kind用法

2. There's something wrong with my puter. 我的电脑坏了。
◎there's something wrong with sth =sth is not working well=sth is broken 意为“某物失灵”
◎something ---复合不定代词，类似有anything，nothing，everything, somebody, nobody, everybody 等。
Something多用于肯定句中，否定句或疑问句中常用anything 做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
◎形容词，动词不定式，else 等词修饰不定代词时，要后置
如： nothing interesting 没什么有趣的 anything else 其他任何东西
There's nothing new in today's newspaper.

3. I'm going to ask a puter engineer to check it. 我打算叫一个电脑工程是来检查一下。
◎ask sb to do sth 要求/请求某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth 要求/请求某人不做某事
◎ask (sb) for help （向某人）请求帮助 例： You can ask 110 for help when you have trouble.
◎ask (sb) for sth （向某人）要求得到某物 例： Don't ask your parents too much money to buy snacks.
◎ask sb about sth 询问某人关于某事 例： She asks me some questions about animals.

4. My cousin Annie's bicycle is broken, so she's going to ask someone to fix it.
◎broken 形容词 “坏的，破的，折了，断了” 例： The glass is broken, who broke it？玻璃坏了，谁弄碎的？
◎break---broke---broken 打破，打断，，弄坏 例： Don't break the eggs, they are for you.
◎fix
5. Some college students are ready to help. 一些大学生很乐于帮忙。
college students 大学生 ‚go to college 上大学
ƒbe ready to do sth 乐意/准备干某事=be willing to do sth
例： One of my classmates is always ready to help other students. 我的一个同班同学一直很乐于帮助其他同学。
翻译：他总是乐意帮助他人。                            
④be ready for sth 为...做好准备
翻译： 孩子们，请准备好上课。                            
⑤get sth ready for sb 为某人准备好某物
翻译：我的奶奶经常为我准备好早饭。                            

6. Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them. 他们中一些人经常拜访这些老人并帮他们买些东西。
①　 visit 参观，拜访 visitor 游客 例： 参观长城 visit the Great Wall
来自日本的许多游客A lot of visitors from Japan
②　 do some shopping 意为“买些东西，购物”“do+some+ving”短语表示一些笼统而不明指的事
例： do some cleaning 做些打扫 do some reading 读些东西 do some washing 洗些东西

7. You're lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that,Simon.你住在一个像那样的社区真的很幸运，西蒙。
①　 lucky（adj.）---luck (n.) ---luckily (adv.) be lucky to do sth 意为“很幸运做某事”
翻译：1)成为你的朋友我很幸运。                            
2)你足够幸运得到这份工作。                            
3) _______________(luck), I could get the last ticket to the concert.
②　 good luck to sb with sth 祝某人某事好运

8 They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。
help sb with sth 帮助某人解决某种困难 帮助某人做某事 help sb (to) do sth
例：我喜欢帮助妈妈做家务（2种）

常用含help的短语
在…..的帮助下 帮助某人克服困难/度过难关
禁不住做某事 随便吃
1、There is a ________________ （社区）centre in my neighborhood.
2、There is ____________ （某物，某事）interesting in today’s newspapers.
3、Can you lend your bike to me? Mine is _____________ （弄坏了）.
4、There are always some _______________ （志愿者）doing some cleaning in the park.
5、These ______________ （学院）students are ready to help poor children.
6、We should use our ____________ （技能）to make our country stronger.
7、One of the _______________ （工程师）in this factory es from the USA.
8、They are very _____________ （幸运的）to win the basketball match.
9、It is _____________ （乐于助人的）of her to help others at any time.
10、Daniel often ______________ （修理）puters for his workmates.
1. She may go shopping with her friends if she _____________ (be) free tomorrow.
2. Teachers always tell us _________________ (not play) in the street after school.
3. All the parents hope their children _____________ (live) a better life than them.
4. Jim hopes ______________ (visit) the Summer Palace this summer holiday.
5. Look at the clouds in the sky. I think it ___________________ (rain).
6. My puter doesn’t work. My uncle __________________ (fix) it at the moment.
7. Some people are ready ________________ (help) the old in our neighbourhood.
8. She is very lucky __________________ (get) a job like that.
9. The boss (老板) always makes his workers ______________ (work) for 10 hours every day.
10. We ______________ (have) a spring trip (春游) next month.
1. 我的手机出故障了。（两种）My mobile phone _________ __________.
= ___________ _____________ _____________ ____________ my mobile phone.
2. 我打算叫个电脑工程师检查一下。
I’m __________ __________ __________ a puter __________ __________ _________ it.
3. 一些大学生乐意帮助我们解决各种问题。
Some ____________ students _________ ________ _________ _________ us _________ __________ ___________ ___________ ____________.
4. 这个周末，他们将帮老人们打扫打扫。
This weekend, they _________ _________ ___________ __________ for the old people.
5．住在那样的小区你真幸运。
You _________ __________ __________ live in a neighbourhood ___________ __________.
6. 很多社区福利工作者既友好又乐于助人，他们和我们分享各自的一技之长。
Many social workers ________ __________ and ____________, they ___________ ____________ ______________ ______________ _______________ us.
7. 你住哪一楼？我住在5楼。
________ _______ do you ________ ________? I live _______ _______ _______ floor.
8. 一个志愿者正在修理Simon的自行车。______ ________ _________ ______ Simon’s bike.
Grammar
一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）
1.定义：表示将来发生的动作或情况
2.三种结构：(1).will+动词原型 (2).shall+动词原形 (3).be going to +动词原形
He will play cards with his brother this evening.
I shall meet my friends in the park tomorrow.
She is going to visit her uncle next Monday.
3.否定句和疑问句
否定句：will/shall+not+do(won't/shan't+do) am/is/are+not+going to+do
疑问句：Will/Shall+主语+do; Am/Is/Are+主语+going to do
①School will be over in two hours. →School will not be over in two hours.→ Will school be over in two hours?
We shall take a bus to school next week. →Shall we take a bus to school next week?
②The policemen are going to catch the thief this afternoon. →The policemen aren't going to catch the thief this afternoon.
→Are the policemen going to catch the thief this afternoon?
4.常用的时间状语
A. 由tomorrow 组成的，如：tomorrow morning/evening明天早晨、晚上
the day after tomorrow 后天
B. 由next组成的，如：next Tuesday/Sunday 下周二/日
C. 由this 组成的，如：this afternoon/evening 今天下午/晚上
D. 由ing组成的，如：the ing Sunday 下个星期天
这些表时间的单词或短语的前面都不能加介词
E. 由in组成的，如：in two hours 在2小时内， in a few days 在几天内
in the future 在未来
5. 几个结构的区别
“be going to+动词原形”与“will+动词原形”的区别
A. be going to +动词原形用来表示某人打算做某事，一般带有计划性,预见性和主观性，或用来表示可能发生的事，含有主观意愿。 如： Look at this clouds. It's going to rain.
B. will+动词原形是对将来要发生某事的客观陈述，表示纯粹的将来或现在正在制定的计划
Shall we meet at 2 o'clock? I will be 20 next year.
(这是不受主观影响的将来会出现的情况，也有顺其自然的意思，应用一般将来时态)
C. 在单纯表示将来时，二者可以互换
They are going to have a basketball match next week.=They will have a basketball match next week.
6. 几点注意：
A. shall 和will 还可以表示征求对方意见或询问情况
Shall I open the window? Will you go shopping with me tonight?
B. Will you please …?表示客气地请求或邀请，意思是“请您……好吗？”
Will you please close the door? It's so cold outside.
C. there be 句型的将来时
There will be+名词/there be going to be+名词
There will be a sports meeting in my school.=There is going to be a sports meeting in my school.
There will be three football matches next week.=There are going to be three football matches next week.
D. 在英语中，有些动词如go, e ,leave arrive, fly, move等可用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
例：—Where are you going this afternoon?—I'm going to the library. The bus is ing.
1 They are going to bring some water.
Bring
Take
Carry
2 How about your uncle？
How about =what about doing sth 向对方询问、介绍、打听情况
3 He is going to make a fire.
Fire 火 可数名词 make a fire 生火
着火 点火 玩火

1. We are lucky ____________(live) in our neighbourhood.
2. ---_______ he _________________ (play) basketball the day after tomorrow? --- Yes, he is.
3. It’s not polite _______________ (laugh) at others.
4._______ they ___________ (have) a meeting this weekend?
5.Ask the girl _________________(not be) late for class next time.
6. It’s so cloudy .I think it __________________ (rain).
7. There ___________________(be) an interesting film tonight
8. The girl is afraid _________________(go) out alone at night.
9. ______________(see) different kinds of animals, you can go to the zoo.
10. ______________(swim) is a good kind of sport.
11.The college student _________________ (help) the boy with his homework.
12.Some college students are ready _________ (help) the children.
13. She often goes to work without ____________( eat) breakfast.
14.. My bike is broken . I __________ (ask) an engineer _________ (check) it..
15.. Mum often makes her son _____________( fix) her bike .
（ ）1. It’s ________ walk from the park to the theatre.
A. 10 minutes B. 10 minute’s C. 10 minutes’ D. 10-minutes-
( )2. Why__________ go to the Space Museum?
A. don’t B. not you C. don’t you D. don’t you to
（ ）3.My father hopes you ______e to my home.
A, will B, are can C, will can D, to
( )4._________do you want to go and __________ do you want to meet?
A, Where else, else who B, Else where, else who
C, Else where, who else D, Where else, who else
( )5.Here __________ some good news _______you.
A, is ,for B, are, in C, are, for D, is ,in
( )6.I can’t go with you. I have many things_______.
A, do B, to do C, doing D, does
( )7 There is only ______ money in her purse.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
( )8. There is a bridge over the river. It is about _______ long.
A.5 hundreds meters B.5 hundred meters C.5 hundreds meter D.5 hundred meter
( )9.Why not ask your father to draw ___ map for you ?Then you can get to ____Sunshine Town ?
A, a, the B, /,an C, the ,a D, a, /
( )10.There ______ a talk ______ the history of China tomorrow.
A. is going to be; about B. will have; on C. will have; about D. will be; of

Integrated skills
1. What are you going to be in the future? 你将来想干什么？
§ in the future, “将来”用于一般将来时，指较长的将来一段时间
例：What will life be like in the future?未来的生活会是什么样子呢？
I'd like to be teacher in the future? 将来我想当一名教师。

2. I'm sure you'll be good at it. 我确定你将会做好它的。
be sure to do sth 肯定做某事 We are sure to win. 我们肯定会赢。
‚be sure +that 从句 We are sure he will e to help us.
ƒsure (adv.) 意为“当然可以”=certainly 例： ---May I use your bike?---Sure./Certainly.

3. That sounds like a good idea.
 sound like __________________ sound 作连系动词时，意为“听起来”其后一般接形容词作表语
例：The music sounds beautiful.音乐听起来很美。
翻译： (1)你的注意听起来很棒！                             
(2) 这个故事听起来很有趣。                            
回忆还有那些系动词？__________________________________________________________

4. I want to help sick people. 我想要帮助病人。
①病的=ill be sick=be ill例：Jack didn't e