新编英语教程第三版第二册Unit4.ppt

Unit42021/5/271PreparatoryQuestionsLanguagestructuresAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothefollowingdirections.1.toelicitrelativeclausesintroducedbywhen,e.g.,1)Whatissignificantabouttheyear1949?ItwastheyearwhenthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.2021/5/272Preparatory QuestionsItwastheyearwhentheMayFourthMovementtookplace.2)Whatissignificantabouttheyear1919?GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplewereoppressedandexploited.3)WhatsortofdaysaregoneforeverfortheChinesepeople?2021/5/273Preparatory QuestionsItisthedaywhen_.4)Whatisthemostmemorabledayinyourlife?Itisarailwaycoachwheremealsareserved.2.toelicitrelativeclausesintroducedbywhere,e.g.,1)Whatisadiningcar?2021/5/274(1)The relative clause introduced by when 12 October 1492 was the day when Columbus landed in America.(2)The relative clause introduced by where A kitchenette is a small room where people cook their meals.(3)The relative clause preceded by the way I like the way she spoke(4)The relative clause introduced by why Is that the reason why we have tests and quizzes all the time?Sentencesontextbook2021/5/275when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用，E.g.Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?2021/5/276该用关系副词还是关系代词先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，并不都是用关系副词引导，而是要看关系词在从句中所作的成份。作状语时，用关系副词；作宾语时，仍然要用关系代词Thisisthedaywhen/onwhichIwasborn.ThisisthedaywhichIwillneverforget.2021/5/277Thisistheplaceatwhich/whereheusedtowork.ThisistheplacethatIlovemost.Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonhegaveme.2021/5/278SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinQingdao,shehassomerelatives.ThisistheplaceIvisitedlastyear.October1stisthedayweChinesepeoplewillneverforget.Didyoustillrememberthedaysweplayedbadmintontogetheratuniversity?2021/5/279that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代后取代when,where,why和和“介词介词+which”引导的定引导的定语从句，在语从句，在口语口语中中that常被省略常被省略.His father died the year(that/when/in which)he was born.He is unlikely to find the place(that/where/in which)he lived forty years ago.that代替关系副词2021/5/2710theway+attributiveclausethewayinwhichthewaythatThewayinwhichyouansweredthequestionswasadmirable.Ilikethewayinwhichshespoke.Hefeltindignantaboutthewaytheyhadtreatedhim.Thatwasthewayshelookedafterus.2021/5/2711LetstalkaboutLetstalkaboutDREAMSDREAMS2021/5/2712TenthingsyoushouldknowaboutdreamsGuesswhethertheinformationistrueorfalse:1.Everyonedreamseverynight.2.Babieshavefewerdreamsthanadults.3.Peoplewhoareblindfrombirthdonotdreaminpicture.4.Peopledreamaboutthingsbecausetheywantthemtohappeninreallife.5.Whenyoudrinkalcohol,youdreammore.2021/5/27136.Youcanfindoutalotaboutyourselffromyourdreams.7.Dreamsnevercometrue.8.Dreamscansometimesmakeyouwalkortalkinyoursleep.9.Ifyoudreamaboutdeathitmeanssomethingterribleisgoingtohappen.2021/5/2714Whatdopeopledreamabout?HowmuchdoyouknowaboutFreud?2021/5/2715Readthefollowingdreamsandtrytoillustratethem弗洛伊德的一位女性患者告诉他，自己的姐姐有两个儿子，奥图（Otto）和查理斯（Charles）。不幸的是，奥图前不久死了，奥图是其父母的最爱，但她说她也喜欢查理斯。她告诉弗洛伊德，就在她来见弗洛伊德的前一天晚上，她做了一个梦，在梦中她“看见查理斯死了在他的小棺材里，他的手交叉着，周围都是蜡烛，简而言之，就像小奥图死时一样，这让我很震惊”。她问弗洛伊德这个奇怪的梦意味着什么。她问道，难道自己如此邪恶以至于希望自己的姐姐失去其唯一的儿子吗？或者，它意味着她实际上更爱奥图，希望查理斯代替奥图去死？弗洛伊德向她保证她的任何一种解释都是不正确的。理论前提：梦是愿望的实现2021/5/2716在分析的过程中，弗洛伊德发现这位年轻的女士很小的时候就成了孤儿，和自己的姐姐住在一起。几年后，姐姐介绍她认识了一位非常有魅力的男士。她和该男子计划结婚，但是，不知道为什么，姐姐加以阻止，现在该男士不再拜访他们家。尽管有许多其他的求婚者，但这位年轻的女士始终无法将情感转移到他人身上。她所爱恋的对象是一位天文学教授，经常公开演讲。这位年轻的女士总是买票去听他的演讲，而且坐在不易被发现的听众席里。如果她得知她的朋友去听音乐会，她也会前往，希望能够见到他。她最后一次见到他是在小奥图的葬礼上，他向她和姐姐表示慰问。即使在这种情况下，她也没能表达对教授的爱慕之情。至此，她的有关小查理斯的梦的动机就变得很清楚了：它意味着她想再一次见到那位男士。因此，虽然这个梦最初看上去很奇怪，难以解释，但弗洛伊德通过分析，发现了她隐藏的真实愿望，并把她真实的动机解释给她听，从而有效地帮助了她。2021/5/2717BackgroundKnowledgeandHintsS.Freud(18561939)isanAustrianphysician,notedforhispsychoanalysis,includingdreaminterpretation.Inthelate19thcenturyVienneseneurologistSigmundFreuddevelopedatheoryofpersonalityandasystemofpsychotherapy(心理疗法）knownaspsychoanalysis（精神分析）.Accordingtothistheory,peoplearestronglyinfluencedbyunconsciousforces.我们是无法觉察潜意识的，但它影响意识体验的方式却是最基本的我们如何看待自己和他人，如何看待我们生活中日常活动的意义，我们所做出的关乎生死的快速判断和决定能力，以及我们本能体验中所采取的行动。潜意识所完成的工作是人类生存和进化过程中不可或缺的一部分。2021/5/2718阅读下列的梦境，选择你曾经做过或者经常做的梦：A、梦到空空的洞穴，或者找不到了某样东西B、梦到自己一直在下落C、梦到别人绑架，追逃D、梦到自己在养花，种草2021/5/2719A、对于未来感到迷茫、对于未来感到迷茫如果你经常梦到深不见底的洞穴，或者自己丢失了某样东西，这通常反映了你当时的心境，充满了对未来的迷茫，内心充满了迷惑，你大脑意识里的认知与现实生活出现了偏差，你不知所措。这是在发展心理学中常见的一种状态，一个中肯的建议就是，当你感觉迷茫的时候，一定要走最难走的那条路，同时，不要怕失败，往前游不会死去，停在水里才会死去。B、渴望生活充满稳定、渴望生活充满稳定如果你经常会梦到从高空坠落，或者是一脚踩空，这通常反映了你当时的生活状态不够稳定，内心缺乏安全感所导致的。所谓的稳定包括三方面，稳定的工作，稳定的人际关系，还有就是可预见的未来。你可以结合实际，来看看自己缺少哪方面的稳定。其实，年轻人漂泊在外，颠沛流离，内心都像是一颗浮萍，缺乏稳定性也是可想而知的。但是要记得，心中如果还有梦，那就去追。2021/5/2720C、对于自己的轻视、对于自己的轻视如果你经常会梦到被人追逃，被坏人绑架，这通常是反映了你对自己的轻视，表现为习惯躲在角落里，因为你不知道你对别人意味着什么，总是习惯做个旁观者。你有时候不清楚自己为什么而哭泣，为什么而喜悦，又为什么而愤怒。你通常会很容易的取悦别人，可以对于自己，你怎么也找不到理由让自己开心或者快乐。同时，你对于他人的情绪反应又是十分的敏感。D、内心孤芳自赏、内心孤芳自赏如果你常常会梦到自己在栽种植物，这通常象征着你性格中有一种自恋人格，你不善于表达自己的情绪，却又怪别人不懂你的情绪，你总是喜欢让别人猜测你自己。你会有一些自恋的性格，你希望得到别人的赞赏，你觉得你的言行举止都非常的优秀和出众，所以，你应该被特殊的对待。在他人面前，你会有一种莫名的优越感。尽管那是虚无缥缈的。2021/5/2721MovieintroductionInception2021/5/2722interpretationTheparticularwayinwhichsthisunderstoodorexplainDifferentpeoplehavedifferentinterpretationforShakespearsfamousquotation,“Tobeornottobe;thatisthequestion”.Howdoyouinterpretit.Hisinterpretationiscoherentandintelligible.2021/5/2723Interpret他以全新的方式诠释了这一角色。Heinterpretthisroleinabrandnewway.你怎么解释你对我所做的。Howcanyouinterpretwhatyouhavedonetome.2021/5/2724Beofnbeadj该名词是抽象名词，相当于该名词所对应的形容词。Use,important,help,value,interest,quality,sevice,benefit,necessityItsofnointeresttome.Coalisofgreatimportance.2021/5/2725Tobegintomove;tobeginhappening;tobegindoingsth文章首先定义了什么是文件系统，它有何用途。Thearticlesetoffbydefiningwhatafilesystemisandwhatitdoes.2021/5/2726stimulateMakesb/sthmoreactiveThegovernmenthasfocusedonstimulatingthegrowthofsmallbusiness.Arousetheinterestorexcitementofsb教学必须能够激发孩子们的好奇心和创造力。Teachingmuststimulatethecuriosityandcreativityofchildren.2021/5/2727StimulatesbtodosthAdj,nStimulating,stimulation,stimulus2021/5/2728recurRe:againocur:torun,hapenHappenagainorrepeatedlyThisisaproblemwhichwillconstantlyrecurandentailthesameconsequences.Recurtosb/sth我们初次见面的场景时常浮现在我脑海。Orfirstencounteroftenrecurstomymind.2021/5/2729N,adjRecurrence,recurrent,recurringRecurringproblem/erro/illnessCur-,curs-,cours-Occur:toward+torun,toruntowardN,adjOccurrence,occurent2021/5/2730occur1.Happen,comeintobeing2.Exist,tobefoundOccurtosbItoccurstosbthatItoccurstosbtodosth他从未想到过他会爱上她。Ithasnerveroccuredtohimthathemightbefallinlovewithher.2021/5/2731concurTogetherwith+torun,toruntogetherwitheachotherN,adjConcurrence,concerrentCurrentTorun+ing,runningThecurrentofriver,electriccurrent,currentaffairscrrency2021/5/2732SpeakofShoworindicatesthHertannedskinspokeofwarmsummerdayspentinthesun.她脸上显示出痛苦的表情。Hercontrotedfacespeakingofsuffering.Speakhighlyof,speakwell/illof,speakof/about,nobody/nothingtospeakof,nottospeakof2021/5/2733scenarioWrittenoutlineofafilm,playthescenariohasbeenremade20times.aseriesofrelatedeventsthatformapatternOurmotherlandwasoncedeeplyinvolvedinthescenarioofsufferingandloss.2021/5/2734Possible/likely/plausiblescenarioWorst-case/nightmarescenarioscenarist2021/5/2735approachVWithexamapproaching,studentsarehavingtheirnoseinbooks.Comenearsth春天来了Springisapproaching.他小心地走进那只狗。Heapproachedthedogcarefully.2021/5/2736approachShehasalreadybeenapproachedbyseveralbigcompany.SpeaktosbaboutsthforthefirsttimeforthesupportoropinionTostartdealingwithaproblem,task,esp.inaparticularway解决这个问题的最好办法是什么？Whatisthebestwayofapproachingthisproblem2021/5/2737approachN狗觉察到了陌生人的靠近，开始吠叫起来。Awareoftheapproachingofstrangers,dogsbegantobark.我能感觉到危险在逼近。Icanfeeltheapproachofdanger.这条小径是通往宫殿的唯一通道。Thetrackistheonlyapproachtothepalace.2021/5/2738approach尝试用各种方法来解决这个问题。Trytoadoptdifferentapproachestodealwiththisproblem.Easy/difficultofapproachTheapproachtoApproachsbforsthApproachaboutsthApproachaproblem/task/amtteradjApproachable2021/5/2739irresistibleAdjtoostrong,attractiveordesirabletoberesistedTheveryhighsalarymadethejobirresistible.她的美貌与魅力使得男人不由得一见倾心。Herbeautyandcharmmadeherirresistibletomen.IrresistibletosbAnirresistibletemptation/urge/impulse2021/5/2740Listening comprehension 2021/5/2741Harry PotterisaseriesofsevenfantasynovelswrittenbytheBritishauthorJ.K.Rowling.ThebooksdescribetheadventuresoftheadolescentwizardHarryPotterandhisbestfriends,allofwhomarestudentsatHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.ThemainstoryconcernsHarrysfightagainsttheevilwizardLordVoldemort,whokilledHarrysparentsinhisquesttoconquerthewizardingworld.2021/5/2742ThenovelsrevolvearoundHarryPotter,anorphanwhodiscoversattheageofeleventhatheisawizard.Wizardabilityisinborn,butchildrenaresenttowizardingschooltolearnthemagicalskillsnecessarytosucceedinthewizardingworld.HarryisinvitedtoattendtheboardingschoolcalledHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.EachbookchroniclesoneyearinHarryslife,andmostoftheeventstakeplaceatHogwarts.Ashestrugglesthroughadolescence,Harrylearnstoovercomemanymagical,socialandemotionalhurdles.2021/5/2743AccordingtoRowling,themainthemeis“death,”whichhasledtomuchcriticism,asitisprimarilyconsideredtobeaworkofchildrensliterature.Therearealsomanyotherthemesintheseries,suchasloveandprejudice.SincetheJune30,1997releaseofthefirstnovelHarry Potter and the Philosophers StoneintheUnitedStates,thebookshavegainedimmensepopularity,criticalacclaimandcommercialsuccessworldwide.ByJune2008,thebookserieshassoldmorethan400million2021/5/2744Listening and Answering QuestionsListeningandAnsweringQuestionsListentotherecordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhowrotetheHarryPotterseries?J.K.Rowling.ScriptScript2021/5/2745Listening and Answering Questions2.WhatdotheHarry Potterseriesdescribe?TheydescribetheadventuresoftheadolescentwizardHarryPotterandhisbestfriends,allofwhomarestudentsatHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.3.WhatsthemainthemeofHarry Potter?Death.2021/5/2746Listening and Answering Questions4.WhendidHarry Pottermakeitsfirstappearance?Howwellwasitreceived?June30,1997.Itgainedimmensepopularity.5.Whichbookwasthefastestsellingbookinhistory?Thefinalbookintheseries,Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.2021/5/2747Listening and Answering Questions6.WhoenjoyedsubstantialfinancialsuccessfromtheHarry Potterseries?Rowling,herpublishers,andotherHarry Potterrelatedlicenseholders.2021/5/2748Reading I Daydreaming 2021/5/27491.whatisdaydream?2.Whydopeopletakeahostileattitudetowardsdaydreaming?3.Whathappensifapersonisnotallowedtodreaminhissleep?4.Whatarethebenefitsofdaydreamingaccordingtoresearchers?5.Whatistheprocedureofcreativedaydreaming?2021/5/2750LanguagepointsbudVtoproduceyoungtightlyrolledupflowerorleafbeforeitopensa plant that buds in early springN a youngtightlyrolledupflowerorleafbeforeitopensComeintobud,beinbudtheflowersarewhiteinbudandbrightyellowwhenopen.树叶刚发芽的时候是嫩绿色的，成熟的时候是深绿的。Leavesarelightgreeninbudanddarkgreenwhenmature.2021/5/2751bud树上发满了绿芽。Thetreeshavealreadyputouttheirbudseverywhere.NipsthinthebudTastebudadjbudding:beginningtodevelopabuddingsportsman/scientist初露头角的abuddingbeauty妙龄女郎2021/5/2752urgen.Astrongdesiretodosth;animpulsethatpromptsactionoreffortHehasanurgetobecomeacinemastar.这个孩子极想与陌生人交流。Thechildhasastrongurgetocommunicatewithstrangers.vt.Atronglysuggestsbdoingsth;toforceordriveforwardoronward2021/5/2753urgevstronglysuggestsbdoingsth;toforceordriveforwardoronwardThereporturgedamorepositiveroleforlocalgovernment.Urgesbtodosth我鼓励他休假一年环游欧洲。IurgedhimtotakeayearoffforatriparoundEroup.Urgethat他催促我们走。Heurgedthatweshouldgo.2021/5/2754urge:v.urgeagainst极力反对urge.intodoingtodo催促怂恿.做urgeononward,forward推进;驱策urgesth.onuponsb.向某人极力陈述某事SatisfyonesurgeOvercome/stiffleoneeurge2021/5/2755irresistibleimpossibletoresistirresistiblyTheywereirresistiblydrawntoeachother2021/5/2756theHolyRomanEmpireatraditionalEuropeanrealmdatingfromthe8thcenturyuntil1806.TheRomanimperialtitlewasconferredonCharlemagne(查理大帝),kingoftheFranks,anancientGermanicpeople,in800A.D.byPopeLeoIII.ThetitlewasbornebysuccessivedynastiesofGermankingsalmostcontinuouslyfromthemid-10thcenturyuntilitsabolition.In1806,FrancisIIofAustriawasforcedtolaydowntheimperialcrown,andtheHolyRomanEmpire,havinglastedfor1,000years,ceasedtoexist.2021/5/2757Suddenlyyouarestartledbacktoreality.v.toalarm,frighten,orsurprisesb,esp.byasuddenmovement;surprise,amaze,astonish,astound,stun,alarm,frighten,terrify,scare,intimidateHestartledfromsleep.Youstartledme!Ididnthearyoucomein.startlesb.outofoneswits使人惊呆AdjStartling,startledastartlingpieceofnewsUnespectedlyyouaresurprisedandslightlyshocked,whichmakesyourealizethatyouaresittingintheclassroom,attendingthehistorylecture.2021/5/2758themoodofthespringdaysetyouoffintodaydreamingthewarmandbalmyairofthespringdaymadeyoudaydream1.Nstateofonesfeelingsormind2.Icantkeepupwithherconstantlychangingmoods.2Wasagroupfeelsaboutsth,atmosphere3Thesuddenadventofthedark,rainyweathersetthemoodfortheperformingofthetragicstory.4Themoodofspring5会议的氛围明显有点悲观。6Themoodofthemeetingwasdistinctlypessimistic.2021/5/2759Inagood/bad/blue/foulmoodInaholiday/party/festivemoodInacheerful/melancholy/thoughtfulmoodMoodofconfidence/optimism/despair/gloomBe/feelinthe/notmoodinthemoodforsth/todosth/beinnomoodLightenonesmoodMoodswingsReflect/captureonesmoodBeinoneofhermoodIndicative/imperative/subjunctivemoodAdjmoody2021/5/2760SetoffCausesbtostartdoingsth要是让她谈起她的儿子来，她一谈就得一个晚上。Ifyousetherofftalkingabuthersson,shellgoonallevening.可别提起发生的事情，要不然她又要笑个不停了。Dontmentionwhathappened,oryoullsetheroffagain.2021/5/2761idlehours闲时idlegossip说短道长者,散布流言蜚语者haveoneshandsidle手空着,没事干beidletoargue争论也无用idlefear(s)无端的恐惧v.idleE.g.idlethewholeafternoonn.idleness/idling/idleradv.idly2021/5/2762involve1.Include2.bringsb/sthintoanactivity,asituation3.MakesthnecessaryBe/become/getincolvedinsth/withsthInvovesb/sthinsth他不小心卷入一场政治风波。Hewasaccidentallyinvlovedinapoliticaldisturbance.Thisjobinvolvesyoutravellingonbusinesstripsonaregularbasis.2021/5/2763involveIn+volve卷-卷入，参与，牵涉Volu/volv:roll,turnaround,ortwistaroundEvolve,devolution,volubleNinvolvement2021/5/2764broodV1tospendtimethinkinganxiouslyorsadlyaboutsomething;tobedeepinthought;meditate别光坐着沉思-做点什么！Dontjustsittherebroodingdosomething!Broodabout/over/onHebroodedoverhismisfortunes.最近他发觉他自己在思索人生的意义。Recenltyhehascaughthimselfbroodingoverthemeaningoflife.2021/5/2765brood他正在思索他人气下降。Hewasbroodingabouthisdeclineinpopularity.vt.Sitoneggstohatch,ortoprotectNafamilyofyoungbirdsoranimalsallbornathesametimeabroodofchickensbroodup养育;繁殖2021/5/2766丈夫死后，她独自一人将一大帮孩子抚养成人。Shehasraisedupawholebroodofchildrenafterherhusbandsdeath.adj.Keptforbreeding:为繁殖而饲养的abroodhen/marebroodon念念不忘,计较(特指忿恨不满)Broodybroodiness2021/5/2767beriddledwithriddlev.topiercewithnumerousholes;tospreadthroughoutBeriddledwith:1Makemanyholesinsb/sth救护车上满是弹孔。Theambulancewasriddledwithbulletsholes.Affectsb/sthcompletelywithundesirablequalitiesThecountryisriddledwithsecretpolice.2021/5/2768beriddledwithTheyarerilledwithdisease.Theexistinglawsisriddledwithloopholes.这篇文章错误连篇。Thisessayisriddledwitherrors.n.aquestionorstatementrequiringthoughttoanswerorunderstandBespeaking/takinginriddles2021/5/27691.Define daydreaming.Reading I Comprehension QuestionsQuestions1_1Daydreamsareakindofwishfulthinkingthatoccurswheninnerneedscannotbeexpressedinactualbehaviour.2.What so