英美文学常识课程考核重点.doc

<p>1.The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in ___?
A 200 B.C
B 55 A.D
C 55 B.C
D 410 A.D
2.The capital of Northern Ireland is ___?
A Blefast
B Birminghan
C Edinburgh
D Cardiff
3.The statement “You can not step twice into the same river”was said by___?
A Aristotle
B Heracletus
C Socrates
D Pythagoras
4.The greatest names in European philosophy are Socrates, ___, and Aristotle, who are active in Athens in the 5th and 4th century B.C.
A Pythagoras
B Heracleitus
C Herodotus
D Plato
5.Between 1337 and 1453 the ___ took place in Britain.
A Wars of Roses
B Black Death
C Hundred Years’War
D Peasants Uprising
6.William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in___.
A 1066
B 1086
C 1381
D 1035
7. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from ___ to ___.
A 1600 --- 1604
B 1640 --- 1644
C 1642 --- 1646
D 1646 --- 1650
8. ___ believed that the highest good in life was pleasure, freedom from pain and emotional upheaval.
A Cynics
B Stoics
C Sceptics
D Epieureans
9.James Watt created a ___ in 1769?
A Spinning Mule
B Steam Engine
C Power Loom
D Spinning Jenny
10.Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William and given to ___.
A The Danes
B the Irish
C The Norman barons
D The Scots
答案:
1. 选C。公元前55年,由Julius Caesar(恺撒领导的罗马人首次入侵Britain,而罗马人撤出大不列颠是在公元410年。
2. 选A。Belfast(贝尔法斯特北爱尔兰首府,是北爱尔兰的商业、教育、服务和娱乐中心,也是重要海湾。Birmingham(伯明翰,英格兰城市,英国第二
大城市,位于英格兰中部高地、西米德兰郡首府区,是英国重要的工业中心和交通枢纽。Edinburgh(爱丁堡为Scotland(苏格兰首府,为英国第二大的仅次于伦敦的旅游城市。Cardiff(卡的夫是Wales(威尔士的首府。考试~大
3. 选B。Heraclaitus(赫拉克利特,古希腊唯物主义哲学家,辩证法的奠基人之一。他认为“火”是万物的本原,一切都在流动变化之中,“人不能两次踏进同一条河”是他的名言。
4. 选D。Socrates(苏格拉底、Plato(柏拉图and Aristotle(亚里士多德是公元前5世纪到公元前4实际活跃在雅典的欧洲三大哲学家。
5. 选C。从1337---1453英法之间的战争断断续续地持续了一百年,称之为“英法百年战争”。(Hundred Years’War
6. 选A。1066年10月14日William, Duke of Normandy(诺蔓底公爵威廉在Hastings(黑斯廷斯战败英国国王Harold(哈罗德,这是英国历史上著名的诺曼征服时间(The Norman Conquest。次战役确定了诺曼人对英格兰人的统治地位。同年12月25日威廉在伦敦加冕,称William the Conqueror(征服者威廉。
7. 选C。1642英国第一次内战在查里斯国王和国会之间展开,因国王的反对者主要是清教徒,因此英国内战又称之为“清教徒革命”。
8. 选D。公元前4世纪,西方哲学四大流派:the Cynics(犬儒主义学派、the Sceptics(怀疑论学派、the Epicureans(享乐主义学派、the Stoics(斯多葛学派互相争鸣。the Epicureans(享乐主义学派认为“快乐”是人生的最大追求。
9. 选B。James Watt(詹姆斯.瓦特于1769发明了蒸汽机,蒸汽机的发明在英国的工业革命中起着重要的作用。
10.选C。多数本属于萨克逊人的土地被征服者威廉没收后送给了诺曼贵族们。(The Norman barons
1. “To know something like the palm of one’s hand” means ___?
A to understand the nature of something and be competent in the performance of them
B to understand everything without any question
C to understand only something easy
D to be thoroughly familiar with the nature and details of something
2.British English is spoken in ___?
A Great Britain
B Australia
C New Zealand
D A.B and C
3.Which of the following joined England and Scotland in 1707?
A the Act of Supremacy
B the Act of Union
C the Reform Act
D the Magana
Carta
4.Who said “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.”?
A Aristotle
B Plato
C Archimedes
D Euclid
5.The expression that can be used as the euphemism for “garbage collector” is
“___”
A collecting
B garbage engineer
C sanitary engineer
D sanitation engineer
6. Who founded the Plantagenet Dynasty?
A Henry I
B King Joseph
C Henry II
D Count of Anjor
7.Who said “Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”:?
A Horace
B Virgil
C Plato
D Sappho
8. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of ___.
A Elizabeth I
B Henry VIII
C Cromwell
D Charles I
9. Eton College is a famous ___ of UK.
A college
B comprehensive school
C public school
D university
10.Westminster Palace is the ___?
A seat of British House of Parliament
B seat of English church
C residence of king of queen
D residence of Prime Minister
1. 选D。“To know something like the palm of one’s hand”的意思是对“什么了如指掌”。
2. 选D。在英国、澳大利亚和新西兰都说英国英语。
3. 选B。是《联合法》(the Act of Union在Anne 统治的1707年把England and Scotland 统一起来,而Great Britain (大不列颠也是在其统治期间诞生的。而1801年的《联合法》爱尔兰并入大不列颠王国,因此英国的名称改为“大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国”(the Un ited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland。1921年爱尔兰北部6郡(北爱尔兰化归联合王国,英国的名称也随之改为“大不列颠及北爱
尔兰联合王国”(the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland。
4. 选C。“给我一个支点,我能撬动整个地球”是古希腊科学家Archimedes(阿基米德的名言。古希腊科学家阿基米德在算术、力学和流体静力学等方面都作了重要的贡献。
5. 选D。sanitation engineer (环境工程师是“garbage collector” 垃圾清洁工的委婉用语。
6. 选C。The Plantagenet Dynasty (金雀花王朝是由Henry II(亨利二世 于1154年创立的,并统治了35年,于1189年Henry II 去世而结束。
7. 选A。Horace(贺拉斯,古罗马诗人,以其颂歌著称。“Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive” (被征服的希腊征服了它的征服者为其所说。Virgil(维吉尔,70—19BC伟大的拉丁诗人,著有伟大的史诗《埃涅阿斯记》(Aeneid。Plato(柏拉图428---348BC,古希腊哲学家,他对《对话录》(Dialogues影响深远。Sappho(萨福公元前7世纪希腊最重要的女抒情诗人,其爱情诗影响深远。
8. 选D。Charles I(查里一世,1600---1649,英国斯图亚特王朝国王。其统治期间,对抗国会,压迫清教徒,引起内战,战败后作为“暴君、叛徒、杀人犯和国家公敌”于1649年被国会判处死刑。
9. 选C。Eton College(伊顿学院,也称伊顿公学是英格兰最大的也是最有名的公学之一,设在伯克郡伊顿,是英国的一种中学教育。该校建于1400年与1441年间,由Henry VI为国王赠款所建立的基金中得到奖学金的70名高才生创办的。英国知名的公学还有Harrow School; Rugby School。
10.选A。Westminster(威斯敏斯特区指英国伦敦西部的贵族居住区,在泰晤士河北岸,区内有白金汉宫,议会大厦等。而the Westminster Palace(威斯敏斯特宫通常指英国议会所在地,因此Westminster 喻指英国国会或英国政府。
1. Who led The Peasants Uprising in Britain?
A Watt Tyler
B Henry Turner
C Richard
D Stephen
2.In English individualistic culture, one should bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb ___?
A as welcome as a storm
B an Englishman’s house is his castle
C do not wear out your welcome
D outstay one’s welcome
3.___ is the first weekday after Christmas, a legal holiday in English, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand,Australia and South Africa.
A Thanksgiving Day
B Anzac Day
C St. Valentine’s Day
D Boxing Day
4.The Bible was originally written in ___.
A Latin
B English
C Hebrew
D Arabic
5. ___ is a very wise man, the king of the Hebrews around the tenth century B.C. and was well-known for his wisdom.
A Solomon
B The old Adam
C Judas
D Jesus
6.Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?
A James I
B Charles I
C James II
D Charles II
7.From 1649 to 1658 English was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as ___.
A President
B Lord Protector
C Lieutenant General
D Commander of the New Model Army
8. A “vote of no confidence” is decided by ___.
A the House of Lords
B the Prime Minister
C the House of Commons
D the two major parties
9. Which of the following particularly happens on the Queen’s Birthday?
A Trooping the Color
B the Eisteddfod
C bonfires
D masquerades
答案:
1. 选A。由于百年战争并没有改变农民的生活条件,又加上人头税(the Poll Tax的征收。1381年(Watt Tyler瓦特.泰勒领导了农民起义。
2. 选B。在英国文化中,一般不事先预约是不会冒然打搅别人。英国人有一句谚语:“英国人的家庭如独立王国------不得擅入”。
3. 选D。Boxing Day(礼节日。英国法定假日,是圣诞节的次日,遇星期日天延顺。按英国习俗,这天向邮递员、仆人、雇员等赠送盒装“节礼”,故
称节礼日。
4. 选C。《圣经》最初是以Hebrew(希伯来语写的。《圣经》有一部分是讲述古犹太人的历史。从公元前1200年希伯来人定居巴勒斯坦至公元1世纪的古犹太人的历史。考试~大
5. 选A。Solomon(所罗门、---932BC.希伯来(以色列国王(972---932BC,以武力维持其统治,加强国防,发展贸易,使犹太达到鼎盛时期,以智慧著称。
6. 选B。Charles I (查里一世,1600---1649,英国斯图亚特王朝国王。其统治期间,对抗国会,压迫清教徒,引起内战,1647年别Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔领导的军队俘虏。1649年被国会判处死刑。
7.B 从1649到1658年的英国被称为共和国(Commonwealth。共和国的第一位统治者Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔成为英格兰共和国的Lord Protector(护国公。Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔,1618年当选为议员,为清教徒领袖。英国内战爆发后,他率领铁甲军的骑兵击败了保皇党部队,是处死查理一世的主要人物, 1653年将国会解散,自称Lord Protector(护国公,成为英格兰共和国的首脑。
8. 选C。“不信任投票”是由英国下议院(Lower House即众议院(the House of Commons决定的,亦称平民院,简称下院。是英国议会的组成部分。议员由普选产生,共有650个席位。下议院首席官员为议长,由议员选举产生。下议院任期为5年,但政府可能提前大选。
9. 选A。Queen’s Birthday(英国女王的诞辰日为6月。每年的女王生日时在白金汉宫(Buckingham Palace前都要举行盛大的检阅庆祝活动,这一天,军队将举行场面壮观的Trooping the Color(行军旗敬礼仪式。
1 “The Graveyard Poets” got the name because ___.
A they chose to live near graveyards
B they often wrote about death and melancholy
C they always wrote about dead people
D they often use “graveyard” as the title
2 It is generally understood that the recurrent theme in many of Thomas Hardy’s novel is ___.
A man against nature
B love and marriage
C social criticism
D fate and destiny
3 The Romantic Period in English literature began with the publication of ___.
A William Blake’s Songs of Innocence
B Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice
C Wordsworth’s and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads
D a piece of land
4 It is generally regarded that Keats’ most important and mature poems are in the form of ___.
A ode
B elegy
C epic
D sonnet
5 G.B. Shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a realistic exposure of the ___ in the English society.
A slum landlordism
B inequality between men and women
C political corruption
D economic exploitation of women
6 The Preface to Shakespeare and Lives of the Poets are the works of critic ___.
A G.B. Shaw
B Samuel Johnson
C Ben Johnson
D E.M. Foster
7 The Ring and the Book is a masterpiece of ___.
A Alfred Tennyson
B Robert Browning
C Thomas Hardy
D Ralph Waldo Emerson
8 Matthew Arnold is the writer of ___.
A Dover Beach
B My last Duchess
C Break, Break, Break
D The Eagle
9 The writer of Heart of Darkness is also the one of ___.
A Time of Machine
B Jim
C Lord Jim
D A Passage to India
10 Of Human Bondage is a novel by ___.
A Herbert George Wells
B Arnold Bennett
C William Somerset Maugham
D John Galsworthy
1. 选B。“墓畔派”是指18世纪那些描写死亡的哀挽的诗人。代表作有托马斯.格雷《墓园挽歌》(Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,托马斯.巴奈尔的《死亡之夜》(Night Piece on Death,爱德华. 扬《夜思》(Night Thoughts和罗伯特.布莱尔的《坟墓》(The Grave。
2. 选D。在哈代(Thomas Hardy的作品中,他那悲剧色彩的哲学观告诉我们,人生的一切都是命运安排,是不可抗拒的。人在命运的面前束手无策,无论人们
怎样努力,都很难逃脱命运的折磨和戏弄。
3. 选C。威廉.华兹华斯(William Wordsworth,于1798同柯勒律治(Samuel Tayor Coleridge合作出版了著名的《抒情歌谣集》(Lyrical Ballads,该诗第二版的“序”被认为是英国浪漫主义的宣言。
4. 选A。济慈的代表作品有《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale,《希腊古瓮颂》(Ode on a Grecian Urn,《忧郁颂》(Ode on Melancholy,《秋颂》(To Autumn等。“颂”被认为是济慈最具有代表性和最为成功的诗歌形式。
5. 选D。萧伯纳的剧作《华伦夫人的职业》(Mrs. Warren’s Profession塑造了一个在经济重压下普通妇女的形象,该剧揭露了一个令人愤怒的事实:在资本主义社会,娼妓业也成了一种剥削方式。
6. 选B。塞缪尔.约翰逊18世纪英国人文主义文学批评的巨匠,《莎士比亚戏剧集序言》(The Preface to Shakespeare,和《诗人传》(Lives of the Poets是他对文学批评做出的饿突出贡献。
《指环与书》(The Ring and the Boo是罗伯特.勃郎宁(Robert Browning
7. 选B。
的诗作。
8. 选A。《多佛海滩》(Dover Beach是阿诺德(Matthew Arnold诗歌中的名篇之一,反映了19世纪西方社会中的宗教信仰在新知识的冲击下普遍沦丧的时代风貌。
9. 选C。《黑暗的心》(Heart of Darkness和《吉姆老爷》(Lord Jim都是约瑟夫.康德拉的小说,《吉姆》(Jim是同时期另一位作家迪亚德.吉卜林的作品。
10.选C。威廉.萨默塞特.毛姆(William Somerset Maugham的创作深受法国自然主义的影响,他的长篇小说《人性的枷锁》(Of Human Bondage展现了主人公摆脱精神枷锁的过程。
1 “Pamela”by Samuel Richardson is written in forms of ____.
A diary
B letter
C autobiography
D reminiscences
2 “Clarissa harlowe” by Samuel Richardson is written in forms of ____.
A diary
B letter
C autobiography
D reminiscences
3 The adventure of Roderick random is written by___.
A Samuel Richardson
B Tobias smolett
C Lawrence sterne
D henry fielding
4 The life and opinions of Tristan shandy is written by___.
A Samuel Richardson
B Tobias smolett
C Lawrence sterne
D henry fielding
5 __ named his own realistic novels as “comic epic in prose”.
A Henry fielding
B Charles dickens
C jack London
D Tobias smolett
6 “Lyrical ballads” were writt en by___ and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
A Robert burns
B Robert southey
C William wordsworth
D percy bysshe shelley
7 George Gordon byron was most famous for_____.
A don juan
B ode to the west wind
C kubla khan
D ode to a nightingale
8 G eorge Gordon byron created a “Byronic hero” firstly in his____.
A Prometheus unbound
B childe herald’s pilgrimage
C kubla khan
D ode on a Grecian urn
9 Prometheus unbound was written by___ who also wrote____.
A George Gordon byron …childe herald’s pilgrimage
B percy bysshe shelley..ode to a nightingale
C George Gordon byron …ode to west wind
D percy bysshe shelley…ode to west wind
10 John keats is the author of____.
A ode to a skylark and ode to a nightingale
B ode on a Grecian urn and ode to west wind
C ode on a Grecian urn and ode to a nightingale
D ode to west wind and ode to a nightingale
解答1 B Samuel Richardson用书信体创作了Pamela 和Clarisse harlowe。
解答2 B Samuel Richardson用书信体创作了Pamela 和Clarisse harlowe。
解答3 B Tobias smolett 是十八世纪中叶颇具特色的小说家,他写的蓝登传继承了欧洲流浪汉小说的传统。
解答4 C Lawrence sterne打破传统小说的叙事模式,被称为世界文学中最典型的小说。
解答5 A Henry fielding将自己作品命为“喜剧性的散文体史诗”。
解答6 C William wordsworth同Samuel Taylor Coleridge合作出版了著名的《抒情歌谣集》。
解答7 A 唐璜是拜伦的代表作。
解答8 B 拜伦的长诗中有许多拜伦式英雄。childe herald’s p ilgrimage中也有。
解答9 D 雪莱的代表作有西风颂,云雀颂,云彩和解放了的普罗米修斯。
解答10 C 济慈代表作有夜莺颂和希腊古瓮颂
1.Where is Edinburgh?
A In Wales B In Scotland C In Northern Ireland D In Ireland
2. Which of the following is Not a U.S. news and cable network?
A ABC B CNN C CBS D BBC
3.The Capital of Australia is __.
A Sydney B Melbourne C Canberra D Perth
4.Which degree is offered in community colleges in the United States?
A Master’ s degree B Doctor’ s degree C Bachelor’ s degree D Associate’ s degree 5. George Bernard Shaw was a(n __.
A playwright B poet C novelist D essayist
6.John Galsworthy was most famous for__.
A Heart of Darkness B Ulysses C The Forsyste Saga D A Passage to India
7.The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by__.
A Henry James B O. Henry C Harriet Beccher Stower D Mark Twain
8.The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in condition is__.
A morphology B general linguistics C phonology D semantics
9.Which of the following is NOT a compound word?
A Landlady B Greenhouse C Uplift D Unacceptable
10.The word holiday originally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any which we don’ t have to work. This is an example of __.
A meaning shift B widening of meaning C narrowing of meaning D loss of meaning 答案:1-5 BDCDA 6-10 CDCDB
1. 选 B. Wales 的首府威 Cardiff, Scotland 的首府为 Edinburgh. Northern Ireland 的首府 Belfast, Ireland的首府为 Dublin.
2. 选 D 。 BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation 英 国 广 播 公 司 , ABC=American Broadcasting Company, Inc 美国广播公司 ; CNN= Cable News Network 美国有线广播公司 , CBS= Columbia Broadcasting System 哥伦比亚广播
公司
3. 选 C 。 Sydney 第一城市 , 位于 New South Wales州 ;Melbourne 第二大 城市位于 Victoria 州, Canberra 位于 Sydney 与 Melbourne 之间 ;Perth 位于 Australia 州
4. 选 D 。 Associate ’ s degree是准学士学位 (喵猜这个相当我们说的大 专吧
5. 选 A 。 George Bernard Shaw (英国,萧伯纳 ,爱尔兰籍,剧作家,批 评家, 社会评论家, 主要作品有 Man and Superman, Back to Methuselah, Saint Joan &lt;圣女贞德&gt;, Arms and the Man, Pygmalion &lt;茶花女&gt;,获得 1925年诺贝尔文学 奖。 (喵,小云的上期文学七里香就是介绍了他噢
6. 选 C 。 John Galsworthy(英国 , 小说家, 剧作家。 主要作品有 The Forsyte Saga&lt;福塞特家史&gt;, 于 1932年获得了诺贝尔文学奖 ;Heart of Darkness,作者 Joseph Conrad , 波兰籍英国小说家, 另有 Lord Jim &lt;吉姆老爷&gt;;Ulysses, 作者 James Joyce, 爱尔兰作家 Finnergans Wake《 为芬尼根守灵》 ; A Passage to India, 作者 E.M. Forster,英国小说家,另有 Howards End霍华德别业。
7. 选 D 。 Mark Twain= Samuel Langhorne Clemens,作品有 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; Henry James, 主要作品有 Ambassadors, The Golden Bowl; O.Henry= William Sydney Porter, 主要作品有 Cabbages and Kings, Four Million; Harriet Beecher Stower, 其反奴隶制小说 Uncle Tom’ s Cabin,促进了废奴运动发展。 8. 选 C 。 Linguistics 语言学 , the study of human language, 包括 Theoretical linguistic, Applied linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Cognitive linguistics 和 Historical linguistics. 这里主要考 Theoretical linguistics.
9. 选 D 。是 derivation.
10. 选 B 。 从 any day就可以知道 widening of meaning
1 _____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.
A Washington D.C. B Los Angeles C San Francisco D New York City</p><!--吉姆老爷--><!--福塞特家史--><!--茶花女--><!--圣女贞德-->