主谓宾结构专题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。,主谓宾是什么？,英语五大基本句型,主,+,谓,主,+,谓,+,宾,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,主,+,系,+,表,I come,I love you,.,I gave you my heart.,you make me happy.,you were my everything,（一）主语：,主语,(Subject),表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,.,是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在,there be,结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：,1.During the 1990s,American country music has become more and more popular.,2.We often speak English in class.,3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.,4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.,5.Smoking does harm to the health.,6.The rich should help the poor.,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（不定式）,（动名词）,（名词化的形容词）,7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.,8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.,（主语从句）,（,it,作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）,（二）谓语,谓语,(Predicate),说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：,1,、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：,He practices running every morning.,The plane took off at ten oclock.,（二）谓语,2,、复合谓语：,（,1,）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：,You may keep the book for two weeks.,（,2,）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。如：,Do you speak English,？,They are working in a field.,He has caught a bad cold.,（,3,）由系动词加表语构成。如：,We are students.,注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。,（三）宾语,宾语（,Object,）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：,1.He is doing his homework.,2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.,3.How many dictionaries do you have?I have five.,（名词）,（代词、动名词）,（名词、数词）,4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.,5.He pretended not to see me.,6.I enjoy listening to popular music.,7.I think,（,that,）,he is fit for his office.,（名词化形容词，名词）,（不定式短语,）,（动名词短语）,（宾语从句）,宾语种类,：,（,1,）双宾语（间接宾语,+,直接宾语），例如：,Lend,me your dictionary,please.,To:write,tell,pass,give,send,promise,show,hand,read,tell,bring,throw,等，例如：,He sent the novel,to,William yesterday.,For:leave,buy,build,choose,cook,draw,find,get,order,post,save,等，例如：,She bought a gift,for,her mother.,（,2,）复合宾语（宾语,+,宾补），例如：,They elected,him their monitor,.,下列动词只能接不定式做宾语,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做事,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事,decide,to do sth.,决定做某事,want would like,to do sth.,想做某事,plan,to do sth.,计划做某,need,to do sth.,需要做某事,agree,to do sth.,同意做某事,afford,to do,能做某事,be used to,do,被用来做,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,cant wait,to do,迫不及待地要做某事,make up ones mind,to do,下决心做某事,used to,do,过去常常做某事,fail,to do,未能做某事,下列动词只能接动名词做宾语,喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑,喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习,enjoy,doing sth.,喜欢做某事,spend,.doing sth.,花费,做某事,be,busy,doing sth.,忙于做,imagine,sb.doing sth.,想象,做某事,cant help,doing sth.,忍不住做某事,feel like,doing sth.,想要做某事,finish,doing sth.,完成做某事,practice,doing sth.,练习做某事,miss,doing sth.,错过做某事,suggest,doing sth.,建议做某事,keep,(on)doing sth.,保持（继续）做某事,mind,doing sth.,介意做某事,be,worth,doing sth.,值得做某事,consider,doing sth.,考虑做某事,错过建议保持介意值得考虑,下列动词既可接不定式，也可接动名词做宾语，但意义不同，如,mean,try,remember,forget,regret,等。,forget to do,表示“未发生的动作”，,forget doing,表示“已完成的动作”。如：,Dont forget to come here earlier tomorrow.(,还没来,),I forgot returning the book to him.,(,书已还给他了,),句子成分详解表,句子成分,意义,充当词类,例句,主语,表示句子说的是什么人或什么,事,名，代，数，不定,式，动名词，短语或,句子,We study in HuangQiao Middle,School.,谓语,说明主语做什么，是什么或怎,么样,动词或动词词组,She is dancing under the tree.,宾语,表示动作行为的对象,同主语,Both of us like English.,Bye-bye!,