临沂专版中考英语总复习第二部分专项语法高效突破专项10动词的时态.ppt

,第二部分 专项语法 高效突破,专项,10,动词的时态,高频考点,精讲,1.,一般现在时的构成,在一般情况下用动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加s或es。,考点,1,一般现在时,情况,构成方法,例词,一般情况,直接加,s,readreads,；,loveloves,以,s,，,o,，,x,，,ch,，,sh,结尾,加,es,passpasses,；,boxboxes,；,teachteaches,；,washwashes,以辅音字母,y,结尾,将,y,变为,i,，再加,es,carrycarries,；,studystudies,不规则变化,havehas,；,beam/is/are,2.,一般现在时时间状语,always,，,usually,，,often,，,sometimes,，,hardly,，,never,，,every day,，,on Sunday,，,every evening,，,every month,，,once a week,等。,3,一般现在时的用法,(1),表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。如：,I often take a walk in the park.,我经常在公园散步。,These T,shirts are new.,这些,T,恤是新的。,(2),表示客观事实、真理。如：,The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.,太阳东升西落。,(3),在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。如：,If it doesn,t rain tomorrow,，,I will go bike riding in the open air.,如果明天不下雨，我将在户外骑自行车。,I,ll tell her the good news when she comes back.,当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。,考点,2,一般过去时,1.一般过去时的基本结构,(1)实义动词的一般过去时,句式,结构,例句,肯定句,主语动词的过去式其他,.,I went to the cinema yesterday.,我昨天去看电影了。,否定句,主语,didn,t,动词原形其他,.,I didn,t go to the cinema yesterday.,我昨天没看电影。,一般疑问句及其答语,Did,主语动词原形其他？肯定回答：,Yes,，主语,did.,否定回答：,No,，主语,didn,t/did not.,Did you go to the cinema yesterday,？你昨天去看电影了吗？,Yes,，,I did./No,，,I didn,t.,是的，我去了。,/,不，我没去。,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词,did,主语动词原形其他？,Where did you go yesterday,？你昨天去了哪儿？,I went to the cinema yesterday.,我昨天去看电影了。,(2)be,动词的一般过去时,句式,结构,例句,肯定句,主语,was/were,其他,.,I was at home yesterday.,我昨天在家。,否定句,主语,wasnt/werent,其他,.,I wasnt at home yesterday.,我昨天没在家。,一般疑问句及其回答,Were/Was,主语其他？,Were you at home yesterday?,你昨天在家吗？,Yes,，,I was./No,，,I wasn,t.,是的,，,我在家。,/,不,，,我不在家。,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词,were/was,主语其他？,Where were you yesterday,？你昨天在哪？,2.,动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则,(1),规则变化,情况,构成方法,例词,一般情况,加,ed,washwashed,；,helphelped,以不发音的字母,e,结尾,加,d,hopehoped,；,likeliked,以辅音字母,y,结尾,变,y,为,i,，再加,ed,carrycarried,；,studystudied,结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,双写末尾的辅音字母，再加,ed,stopstopped,；,planplanned,(2),不规则变化,(,见九年级英语课本,P184,附表,),3,一般过去时的时间状语,yesterday,，,last month,，,two weeks ago,，,in 1987,，,the day before yesterday,，,last week,，,in 2015,，,three days ago,，,the other day,，,just now,，,at the moment,，,this morning,，,once upon a time,，,long long ago,等。,4,一般过去时的用法,(1),一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：,What did you do yesterday,？昨天你做了什么？,I went swimming.,我去游泳了。,(2),表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。如：,When I was at middle school,，,I often went to school by bike.,我读中学时，经常骑自行车去学校。,考点,3,一般将来时,1.一般将来时的构成,如：,I am going to Beijing next week.,我打算下周去北京。,It looks as if it is going to rain.,天看上去好像要下雨了。,2,一般将来时的时间状语,tomorrow,，,the day after tomorrow,，,next week,，,soon,，,in,一段时间，,in the future,等。,3,一般将来时的用法,(1),表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：,They will go to the mountains tomorrow.,他们明天去爬山。,(2),表示将来的意愿、决心、许诺、命令。如：,I will do my best to catch up with them.,我将会尽最大的努力赶上他们。,Shall I open the door,？我能打开门吗？,考点,4,现在进行时,1.,现在进行时的构成,由,be,动词,(am,，,is,，,are),动词的现在分词构成。,现在分词的构成规则如下表：,情况,构成方法,例词,一般情况,加,ing,looklooking,；,workworking,以不发音的字母,e,结尾,去,e,，再加,ing,writewriting,；,dancedancing,以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,先双写词尾的字母再加,ing,beginbeginning,；,swimswimming,以,ie,结尾的词,变,ie,为,y,再加,ing,diedying,；,lielying,；,tietying,now,，,these days,，,at the moment,，,right now,，,look,，,listen,等。,3,现在进行时的用法,(1),表示现在,(,说话人说话时,),正在发生的事情。如：,He is reading at the school library.,他正在图书馆看书。,(2),表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。如：,Mr.Green is writing another novel these days.,这些日子格林先生正在写另一本书。,(3),已经确定或安排好的将来的活动。类似的动词有：,go,，,come,，,leave,，,stay,，,start,，,begin,等。如：,I am leaving for Qingdao next week.,我打算下周去青岛。,考点,5,过去进行时,1.过去进行时的构成,由be 动词(was/were)动词的现在分词构成。,2过去进行时的时间状语,at seven o,clock yesterday evening，at this time last night，at that moment，from seven to nine yesterday等。,3过去进行时的用法,(1)表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的事情。如：What was she doing at nine o,clock yesterday morning?昨天上午九点她在做什么？,(2)在复合句中，如果主句和从句动作都是延续性的或同时发生的，那么都可以用过去进行时。如：While I was cooking in the kitchen，he was cleaning his room.当我在厨房做饭的时候，他正在打扫房间。,考点,6,现在完成时,1.,现在完成时的构成,由,have/has,动词的过去分词构成。,2,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,现在完成时,强调对现在的影响,一般过去时,强调过去发生的动作,3.,现在完成时的时间状语,(1),与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如：,“,for,时间段,”,或,“,since,时间点,”,。如：,I have lived in this city for more than 40 years.,我在这个城市已经生活了,40,多年。,(2),与,already,，,never,，,ever,，,just,等表示过去的时间状语连用。如：,I have already found my book.,我已经找到我的书了。,(3),与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用，如：,lately,，,recently,，,in the past few years,，,these few years,，,these days,，,up to now,，,so far,等。如：,The famous writer has written a new book,in the past two years.那位著名的作家在过去两年时间里写了一本新书。,Have you seen her parents these days?这些天你看见她的父母了吗？,The Browns have visited a lot of places in China so far.迄今为止，布朗一家已经参观了中国的许多地方。,4现在完成时的用法,(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和already(肯定句)，yet(疑问句)连用。如：I have already had a rest.我已经休息一会儿了。,(2)表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，并还要继续持续下去，常和,“,for时间段,”,以及,“,since时间点,”,连用。如：He has been away for two days.他已经离开两天了。,十年真题,全练,动词的时态是临沂近十年英语中考单项填空和动词应用的必考点，考查的内容多为一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时六种时态。预计在2018年临沂英语中考中，单项填空仍然会有1道题考查动词的时态，动词应用仍是考查动词时态的主要题型。考查对象可能是一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时，现在进行时、过去进行时或现在完成时。,考点,3,一般将来时,1.2016,临沂，17,Did you call Jenny?,Oh no，I forgot.I,_,her right away.,Acalled Bhave called,Ccall Dwill call,D,22012,临沂，25Traveling to space is no longer just a dream.Russia,_,the first hotel in space in the near future.,A builds Bwill build,Cbuild Dhas build,32011,临沂，29Chen Guangbiao says he,_,all his money to charities when he dies.,Aleaves Bleft,Cwill leave Dwould leave,B,C,考点,4,现在进行时,4.2014,临沂，24Turn off the water while you,_,your teeth or washing your hands.,Awere brushing Bbrush,Care brushing Dbrushed,52011,临沂，25Look!Jack and his monkey,_,flying disk together in the garden.,Ais playing Bwas playing,Care playing Dwere playing,C,C,考点,5,过去进行时,6.2015,临沂，20Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he,_,around the world.,Awas traveling Bis traveling,Ctraveled Dtravels,A,考点,6,现在完成时,7.2016,临沂，,24,“,I want to go to Mars(,火星,),，,because it,s a place that no one,_,to before,，,”,said Carson.,A,has gone B,has been C,was D,went,8,2010,临沂，,32I must return the dictionary to Allen now.I_ it for three weeks already.,A,kept B,will keep C,keep D,have kept,9,2008,临沂，,22He_a million yuan to Wenchuan since the earthquake.,A,has given away B,gave away,C,have given away D,gives away,B,D,A,猜押预测,单项填空,1Look!A dog _a blind man across the road.,Aleads Blead Cis leadingDled,2,Where were you when I called?,I,_,on the bed.,Alied Bwas lying Clay Dwas lieing,3,Would you like to see the movie Zootopia with us?,I,d love to!But I,_,it.,Asaw Bsee Cwill see Dhave seen,C,B,D,4Where did you go last weekend?,I,_,to the Mengshan Mountain.,Ago Bwent Cwill go Dhave gone,5I heard your father had gone to Beijing on business.,Yes.And he,_,in three weeks.,Awill return Bhas returned,Creturned Dreturns,B,A,