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you!,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,文章内容来源于网络,如果侵权或者不当的地方,请联系我删除或者改正。文章内容仅可参考,不能作为科学依据。谢谢!,The content of this article comes from the Internet.If there is any infringement or improper place,please contact me to delete or correct it.The content of the article can only be referred to,not as a scientific basis.thank you!,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,文章内容来源于网络,如果侵权或者不当的地方,请联系我删除或者改正。文章内容仅可参考,不能作为科学依据。谢谢!,The content of this article comes from the Internet.If there is any infringement or improper place,please contact me to delete or correct it.The content of the article can only be referred to,not as a scientific basis.thank you!,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,文章内容来源于网络,如果侵权或者不当的地方,请联系我删除或者改正。文章内容仅可参考,不能作为科学依据。谢谢!,The content of this article comes from the Internet.If there is any infringement or improper place,please contact me to delete or correct it.The content of the article can only be referred to,not as a scientific basis.thank you!,科室于,2007,年,12,月成立,成立之初仅有五位医生,,20,张床位。,厦门二院神经内科发展历程,科室取得的成绩,门诊候诊大厅,专科门诊标识,记忆障碍门诊服务内容:,记忆门诊,患者登记系统,脑功能评估和治疗,(,神经心理评估、神经影像评估、脑功能训练治疗),完整的健康教育体系(每月健康讲座、家庭回访制度、定期义诊),所含信息,患者基本信息,家属信息,家族史,疾病史,用药情况,体检,临床症状判断,影像学,/,实验室检查,量表,MMSE,、,MOCA,、,CDT,、,ADL,、,ADAS,cog,、,UPDRS,、,CDR,、,FAQ,、其它量表(韦氏智力、韦氏记忆、逻辑记忆、,HADM,、,HAD,等量表),诊断,专业的,神经心理,医师,神经心理检测及生物反馈治疗,记忆障碍门诊健康宣教活动,科普和健康教育,定期举办健康教育讲座,社区义诊、宣传,照料者培训,家庭访视,门诊候诊厅的健康教育视频,健康教育展板,系列健康教育讲座,大型义诊服务,每月家访,走进社区,媒体报道,病例分享,患者个人基本信息,性,别,:,男性,年,龄,:,55,岁,文化程度,:,大专毕业,职业:,初中数学老师,主诉:,“进行性记忆力下降,2,年”于,2012.06.30,入院,现病史,患者,2,年前始自觉记忆减退,所阅读书籍中的一些新题型内容不能记忆,学生常反映对其讲解不能理解,有时甚至有错误。之后逐渐出现经常在家找不到自己放置的东西,忘记与同事的约会;不喜读书看报,与朋友、同事碰面有陌生感;不体贴、不关心家人,不注重仪表整洁。,现病史,诊治经过:入院前半年曾于当地医院就诊,当时行神经心理学检查示,MMSE 15,分,,MOCA 8,分。,2011.12.25,当地医院头颅,MRI,示:额叶多发缺血灶,脑萎缩,右侧海马影较左侧稍小。,RPR,、,TPPA,阴性。,甲状腺功能正常,处方“尼莫地平、银杏叶、安理申”,但患者未正规服药。,接诊时表现,近记忆力明显下降,计算力下降,时有迷路,工作、学习及社会接触能力减退,逻辑思维、综合分析能力减退,既往史及个人史,既往史:无特殊。,个人史:吸烟10年,平均510支/日。,家族史:无类似疾病及特殊家族史。,体格检查,生命体征平稳,定向力下降,注意力不易集中,粗测计算力、理解力、记忆力下降,余神经系统无明显阳性体征,Lab Test,三大常规正常。,肝功能、肾功能电解质、血脂正常。,抗心磷脂抗体、ANCA、ANA、ENA谱、血沉阴性。,感染免疫四项(RPR、TPPA、HIV、乙肝、丙肝)阴性。,头颅MRI T1WI,头颅MRI T2WI,头颅MRI 冠状位T2WI,动态脑电图,结果:清醒期背景活动为弥漫性,4-Hz6,波活动及少量,2.5,3.5Hz,波活动。,神经量表评分,MMSE 5,分,MOCA 4,分,韦氏智能测定:,言语量表分,9,分,言语智商,51,分;,操作量表分,0,分,操作智商,49,分;,总量表分,9,分,总智商,47,分。,ADL 60,分(中度依赖),Hachinski,缺血积分,3,分,入院诊断,阿尔茨海默病,Then what can we do?,改善,AD,认知的治疗:目前及将来,拟胆碱治疗:,胆碱酯酶抑制剂,非胆碱能递质治疗:,NMDA,受体拮抗剂美金刚,抗氧化剂治疗:,维生素,E,脑血循环促进剂:,都可喜;银杏叶提取物,脑细胞代谢激活剂:,吡拉西坦;奥拉西坦,钙离子拮抗剂:,尼莫地平,雌激素替代治疗(已不建议临床使用),抗,A,蛋白产生,NGF,及神经营养因子,ApoE,治疗,AD,认知症状的胆碱能机制,乙酰,CoA,+,胆碱,乙酰胆碱,N,受体,突触前神经末梢,突触后神经末梢,ChAT,ChAT=,胆碱乙酰基转移酶,AChE=,乙酰胆碱酯酶,N=,尼古丁受体,M=,毒蕈碱受体,N,受体,M,受体,M,受体,=,乙酰,胆碱,乙酰胆碱,功能,:,记忆、学习,感觉、注意,AChE,乙酰,CoA,+,胆碱,拟胆碱治疗,-,胆碱酯酶抑制剂,多奈哌齐(,Donepezil,),-,安理申(,Aricept,),卡巴拉汀(,Revastigmine,),-,艾斯能(,Exelon,),石杉碱甲(,Huperzine A,),-,双益平,加兰他敏(,Galantamine,),-Reminyl,RS Doody,et al.Neurology 2001;56:1154-1166,胆碱酯酶抑制剂美国神经病学会推荐标准用药,标准药物,胆碱酯酶抑制剂,(,不包括石杉碱甲),建议药物,维生素,E(1000IU Bid,),尝试延缓,AD,进程,帮助延缓,AD,进程,可选择,抗氧化剂,抗炎药,司来吉兰,其他改善疾病的药物,不推荐石杉碱甲治疗,AD,患者,对六项石杉碱甲的随机、对照临床研究进行系统评价结论:没有足够的证据可以推荐石杉碱甲治疗,AD,患者,Li J,etal.Huperzine A for Alzheimers disease(Review).2008;The Cochrane Collaboration.Published by JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd,治疗处方,住院期间:,静滴:银杏叶提取物,40ml ivgtt qd,;,奥拉西坦,4g ivgtt qd,;,口服:多奈哌齐,10mg qd,胞磷胆碱片,0.2 tid,维生素,E 0.1 tid,出院医嘱:住院期间口服药银杏叶滴剂,神经量表评分对比,目前情况,总结,1.,山重水复疑无路,柳暗花明又一村。,2.,路漫漫其修远兮,吾等上下而求索。,学医易,行医难,且行且珍惜!,
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