高考英语大一轮复习-阅读微技能-5-首尾定位法巧解排序题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,首尾定位法巧解排序题,排序题通常出现在说明文、记叙文或人物传记类的文章或段落的理解题中。要求根据某人所经历事情的时间先后排序，或按某事物的发展变化过程排序，或按操作程序或制作过程先后排序，或许按重要性排序等。,这类题属于事实细节题，只需浅层理解，难度较小，一般从阅读材料中可以直接找到答案，但是这种题容易错，比较耗时间。题中含有原文单词、词组、句型的转述，再以,a,，,b,，,c,，,d,，,e,，,f,等给事件标上序号。,解答这类题的具体过程如下：,第一步，在,a,f,中画出关键词或特征词。,第二步，寻读，在文中找到,a,f,的对应信息，并在文中标上,a,f,。这样可使顺序一目了然，也减少阅读量。,注意,年代数词和表示时间先后关系的词，如,then,，,after,，,shortly after,，,afterwards,，,after that,，,before that,，,in the same year,，,later,and,，,next,，,at last,，,finally,，,so,等。,第三步，弄清“首事件”和“尾事件”，利用“排除法”，迅速缩小范围，快速选出正确答案。这就是所谓的“首尾定位法”。,一、四选一阅读,The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _.,A.the time is too short for doctors,B.the patients are often too nervous,C.the damage is extremely hard to fix,D.the blood-cooling machine might break down,A,A,推理判断题。,由第一段中的,Without enough blood,the brain lives for only three to five minutes.More often the doctors cant fix the damage,可知，给受损的大脑手术时最大难度在于，大脑缺血后存活的时间只有,3,5,分钟，即没有足够的手术时间。故选,A,。,2.The brain operation was made possible mainly by _.,A.taking the blood out of the brain,B.trying the operation on monkeys first,C.having the blood go through a machine,D.lowering the brains temperature,D,推理判断题。,由第二段中的,He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold.If it is very cold,the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes,可推出，通过降低大脑温度可以延长大脑存活时间，这使手术成为可能。故选,D,。,D,3.With Dr.Whites new idea,the operation on the damaged brain _.,A.can last as long as 30 minutes,B.can keep the brains blood warm,C.can keep the patients brain healthy,D.can help monkeys do different jobs,A,细节理解题。,A,项在第二段和第三段中均有提示；,B,项应是把血液变冷；,C,项使人的大脑健康并未提到；,D,项未涉及。故选,A,。,A,4.What is the right order of the steps in the,operation?,a.send the cooled blood back to the brain,b.stop the blood to the brain,c.have the blood cooled down,d.operate on the brain,A.a,b,c,dB.c,a,b,d,C.c,b,d,aD.b,c,d,a,B,B,理解排序题。,由最后一段,First he taught them to do different jobs,then he operated on them(,首先让它们做一些不同的事，然后再动手术,),可知，手术前应做什么事。通过机器冷却血液,(cooled the blood),将冷却的血液输到大脑,(sent the blood back),停止给大脑供血,(stopped the blood to the brain),动手术,(,注；手术后再,turned the blood back warmed the blood again),。由第一步冷却血液，即,c,排第一，排除,A,和,D,；动手术在最后，排除,C,。,二、七选五阅读,A.Start simply.,B.A personal website is not usual today.,C.Nowadays,they want to know your website.,D.Pay attention to the contents of your website.,E.At the top of the page is a banner(,横幅,),GRAPHIC.,F.Next,gather up the material you want to put,on the site.,G.Think of your home page as the starting point,of your website.,文章主要讲述如何建个人网站。,1.C,文章先点明要说明的话题，“建个人网站”，然后再说明如何建个人网站。故选,C,。,2.G,从下面看，本段重点说明网站首页的作用，因此,G,项作为段落的标题最佳。,3.E,后面说网站一般采用杂志模式，前面说明网站风格各异。故选,E,。,4.F,从下文要先思考确定网站的内容可知，预先的策划很重要。故选,F,。,5.A,从后文可知，如果你一开始就好高骛远，你的网站也许就永远也建立不起来可知，,A,项作为本段主旨最佳。故选,A,。,rough adj.,粗糙的,layout n.,安排,sleeves n.,袖子,roll up,卷起；出现,助读强化,相关话题写作,(2013,重庆卷,),调查显示，中国长江江豚（,finless porpoise,）受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足,1000,只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给,WWF,（世界自然保护基金组织）写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容包括：,1.,说明写信目的。,2.,简述江豚现状。,3.,希望,WWF,如何帮助（比如：资助江豚保护项目等）。,4.,表示感谢并期待回复。,注意：,1.,词数,100,左右。,2.,可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,3.,开头和结语已为你写好。,Dear Sir or Madam,Im a student from,Chongqing,China.,Yours sincerely,Li,Hua,Dear Sir or Madam,Im a student from,Chongqing,China.Im writing this letter to you to report you the emergent situation of the Chinese Yangtze finless porpoise.Because of the human beings destructive influence,the number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 100.,As far as I know,your foundation can help those species that are at the edge of distinction.,Im writing this letter to you to ask for your generous donation to our project to protect this endangered species.If it is not too much inconvenient,would you please come to China to have a close observation of the poor porpoises and give us aid and direction to prevent them from dying out completely?,Thanks for reading my letter and anxiously anticipating to hear from you soon.,Yours sincerely,Li,Hua,Thank you!,