人教版英语必修五unit.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,英语,（人教版 必修5）,重点词汇,课后强化作业,重点短语,难点解析,Unit 2 The United Kingdom,1puzzle,1),n,.,(1)谜；智力游戏,He has found out the puzzle.,他已猜中这条谜语了。,This Maths exam is a puzzle to me!I dont think I am going to pass.,这次数学测验极为深奥，看来我难以及格。,(2)不解之谜，疑问,Her decision was a puzzle to him.,她的决定对他来说是个谜。,Im in a puzzle as to how to cope with the new situation.,我不知道该如何应付这新局面。,2),v,.迷惑，使困惑,I am puzzled by his failure to reply/that he hasnt replied to my letter.,他不给我回信使我百思不解。,What puzzles me is why they didnt show up.,令我百思不解的是他们为什么没有出现。,词语辨析,puzzle,confuse,这两个动词均有,“,使困惑、迷惑,”,之意。,1)puzzle侧重使人难于理解、困惑、伤脑筋。,What he did puzzled me greatly.,他的作为使我深感迷惑不解。,2)confuse语气较弱，指由于混淆、混乱而糊涂。,They asked so many questions that they confused me.,他们问了许许多多问题，把我弄糊涂了。,活学活用,Yesterday Alice received a strange letter.She read the_letter with a_expression on her face.,Apuzzled;puzzledBpuzzling;puzzling,Cpuzzling;puzzled Dpuzzled;puzzling,答案：,C,2clarify v.,1)(使)更清晰易懂，阐明；澄清,I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.,我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。,He clarified the difficult problem by giving a full explanation.,他以一个圆满的解说阐明了那个疑难问题。,2)纯净，净化,The cloudy solution clarifies on standing.,混浊的溶液经过静放后澄清了。,It requires of us great efforts to clarify sewage in cities.净化城市的污水需要我们很大的努力。,知识拓展,1)clarified,adj,.纯净的,clarified water 纯净水,2)clarity,n,.清楚；明晰,clarification,n,.澄清(作用)；说明，解释,活学活用,Nobody wanted to_matters for him though everyone knew that he was blameless.,Asolve Bclarify,Chandle Dset about,答案：,B,1)complete侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善，补足缺少的部分等。,Complete the sentences in the exercise by filling in the blanks.,在空白处填充使练习中各句成为完整句。,2)finish与complete基本同义，着重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事。,When does he finish his college course?,他何时大学毕业？,活学活用,The project，_by the end of 2010,will expand the citys telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.,Aaccomplished,Bbeing accomplished,Cto be accomplished,Dhaving been accomplished,答案：,C,2),v,i,.战争，冲突，抵触,Do English laws conflict with international laws?,英国法律与国际法律冲突吗？,The statements of the two witnesses conflict.,两个证人的证词不一致。,知识拓展,conflict with 与,冲突，与,战斗,come into conflict with 与,冲突，与,战斗,in conflict with 与,冲突，与,战斗,词语辨析,conflict,fight,war,battle,这些词均含,“,冲突，战争,”,之意。,1)conflict 多指对立的思想或意识所导致的冲突、分歧。,2)fight多指短兵相接的肉搏和厮杀。,3)war战争的全体称为,“,战争,”,。,4)battle多指敌对双方使用武器而进行的大规模的战斗，战役。,活学活用,A_of opinions arose over technical questions.,Aconflict Bwar,Cfight Dbattle,答案：,A,5credit,1),n,.,(1)赊购，赊购制度,This store does not give credit.,本店概不赊欠。,(2)存款；存款数额,My account is in credit.,我的银行账目有存款。,(3)借款；贷款,They established a credit for 100,000 dollars in favor of me.,他们给我10万美元贷款来帮助我。,(4)赞扬；荣誉；功劳,I gave her credit for being sensible.,我称赞她很明智。,(5)信任，相信,Do you place any credit in the governments story?,你相信政府的说法吗？,(6)学分,He hasnt enough credits to get his degree.,他的学分不够取得学位。,活学活用,_，Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.,ATo his credit BAs his credit,CFor his credit DWith his credit,People gave Joan_for the shows success.,Aprize Bcredit,Caward Dreward,答案：,A,B,6convenience n.,1)U方便；适宜；便利,I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience.,我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。,In this resort you can enjoy all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism.,在这个度假胜地你可享受到所有现代旅游的舒适和便利。,We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers.,为方便顾客我们备有座位。,2)for(the sake of)convenience为方便起见,For(the sake of)convenience,the two groups have been treated as one in the report.,为方便起见，这两个组在本报告中被视为一组。,3)at ones convenience在方便时；在适宜的地方,Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting?,你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面。,4)convenient,adj,.方便的，便利的,it is convenient for sb.to do sth.某人方便做某事,注意：,for在这些结构中本意是：“相对于而言，针对”来讲。,7attract vt.,1)sb.(to sb./sth.)吸引；使喜爱；引起,的好感(或爱慕),What first attracted me to her was her sense of humour.,她首先吸引我的是她的幽默感。,2)sb./sth.(to sth.)招引,The flower show attracted large crowds this year.,今年的花展吸引了大批观众。,3)引起(反应),The noise attracted his attention.,喧嚷声引起了他的注意。,4)(物)吸引,The earth attracts all matters,and all matters attract the earth.,地球吸引一切物体，物体也吸引地球。,知识拓展,1)attraction,n,.,(1)U,sing.(尤指两性之间的)爱慕，吸引,She felt an immediate attraction for/to him.,她对他一见钟情。,(2)C向往的地方；有吸引力的事,One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.,这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高。,(3)C&U有吸引力的特征(或品质、人),I cant see the attraction of sitting on the beach all day.,我看不出整天坐在沙滩上有什么意思。,2)attractive,adj,.,(1)(人)性感的；妩媚的；英俊的；诱人的,I like John but I dont find him attractive.,我喜欢约翰，不过我认为他长得并不英俊。,(2)(物或地方)漂亮的；有吸引力的,I dream of owning a big house with an attractive garden.,我梦想拥有一所带有美丽花园的巨宅。,8collection n.,1)C(常指同类的)收集物；收藏品,The painting comes from his private collection.,这幅画来自他的私人收藏。,She selected a diamond ring from the collection.,她从收藏品中挑选了一枚钻石戒指。,2)C一批物品；一群人,There was a collection of books and shoes on the floor.,地板上有成堆的书和鞋。,There is always a strange collection of runners in the London Marathon.,每次总会有一批稀奇古怪的选手参加伦敦马拉松比赛。,3)C&U拿走，取走；聚集，聚积,There are two collections a day from this letterbox.,这个信筒每天收信两次。,The first stage in research is data collection.,研究工作的第一步是收集资料。,知识拓展,a collection of一批物品；一群人(作主语时，谓语动词采用单数形式),He has a very good collection of foreign coins.,他收藏着不少外国硬币。,There is a collection of dust in an unused room.,空着不用的房间常常积起大量灰尘。,高考链接,(2005山东)Mr.Smith owns_collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.,Alarger Ba larger,Cthe larger Da large,答案：,B句意：与我曾经见过的其他任何一个人相比，史密斯先生收集的硬币数量更多。a collection of一批；属于,“,a抽象名词of,”,结构；相似的结构还有：a knowledge of；a waste of；a variety of；a must of；a way of等。此外，形容词的比较级在修饰名词做定语时，用不定冠词a，常用来表达最高级含义。,活学活用,(2004江苏)Tom owns_larger collection of_books than any other student in our class.,Athe；不填 Ba；不填,Ca;the D不填；the,答案：,B,9influence,1),n,.,(1)U&C(on/upon sb./sth.)影响，作用,What exactly is the influence of television on children?,电视对儿童究竟有什么影响？,(2)U(over sb./sth.)支配力，控制力，影响力,His parents no longer have any real influence over him.,他的父母对他不再有任何真正的约束力了。,(3)C(on sb./sth.)有影响的人(或事物),Those socalled friends of hers are a bad influence on her.她那些所谓的朋友对她的影响很坏。,2),v,.,(1)影响，对,起作用,My teacher influenced my decision to study science.,我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。,The wording of questions can influence how people answer.,问题的措辞会影响人们的回答。,(2)影响，左右,I dont want to influence you.You must decide for yourself.我不想影响你。你必须自行决定。,A number of social factors influence life expectancy.,很多社会因素左右着人的预期寿命。,知识拓展,1)under the influence of在,的影响下,He committed the crime under the influence of drugs.,他是在吸毒后犯罪的。,2)a man of great influence很有势力的人,Mr.Smith is a man of influence in this town.,史密斯先生是这个镇上有权势的人物。,词语辨析,influence,affect,effect,这些词均含,“,影响,”,之意。,1)influence侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响，有时它包含着,“,诱使,”,的意思。也可指自然力的影响。,No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.,谁也不能避免受到广告的影响。,2)affect的主语通常是物而不是人，指一物对另一物产生的消极影响，或作用于人的感情，使人有悲伤或同情的感觉。,The adverse criticism the book received didnt affect the author one way or another.,对这本书的敌对性评论丝毫没有影响该作家。,3)effect作名词时指,“,影响,”,，作动词时，意思是,“,造成，产生,”,。,Inflation is having a disastrous effect on the economy.,通货膨胀给经济带来灾难性的影响。,活学活用,_by her English teacher,now she has been a famous translater.,AForced BFollowed,CMoved DInfluenced,He has great influence_his son.,Aof Bat,Con Din,答案：,D,C,1refer to,1)描述；涉及，与,有关,This paragraph refers to the events of last year.,这一段说的是去年发生的事。,The new law does not refer to land used for farming.,这条新的法律不适用于农用土地。,2)查阅，参考；征询,If you dont know what this means,refer to the dictionary.,如果你不知道这是什么意思，去查一下字典。,He referred to me for information.,他向我打听消息。,知识拓展,1)refer to sb./sth.(as sth.)提到，谈及，说起,She always refers to Ben as,“,that nice man,”,她总是称本为,“,那个大好人,”,。,What I have to say refers to all of you.,我要说的事和你们大家都有关。,2)refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.将,送交给,(以求获得帮助等),The matter was referred to the United Nations.,此事被提交给联合国。,The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.,商店把投诉转交给制造商。,高考链接,(2005浙江)The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without_his notes.,Abringing up Breferring to,Clooking for Dtrying on,答案：,B句意：总统在商务会议上没有看讲稿，作了接近一个小时的报告。refer to表示,“,查阅，参考，征询,”,；bring up表示,“,教育、养育；提出、引出,”,；look for表示,“,寻找,”,；try on 表示,“,试穿,”,。,活学活用,It was foolish of him to_his notes during that important test,and as a result,he got punished.,Astick to Brefer to,Ckeep to Dpoint to,答案：,B,2break away(from),1)突然挣脱，逃脱,The prisoner broke away from his guards.,犯人挣脱了看守。,2)脱离，背叛(政党、国家等，尤指再组建新的),The people of the province wished to break away and form a new state.,该省人民希望分离成立一个新国家。,3)(尤指赛跑)抢跑；甩掉,She broke away from the pack and opened up a two second lead.她甩掉其他参赛者，以两秒领先。,知识拓展,1)rid sb./sth.of sb./sth.,摆脱，从,中解脱,He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret.,他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。,(to remove sth.)去除，清除,Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.,将采取进一步的措施来防止街头犯罪。,2)get rid of sb./sth.,摆脱，免除,I cant get rid of this headache.,我这头疼老也不好。,(to throw away)丢弃，扔掉,We got rid of all the old furniture.,我们扔掉了所有的旧家具。,3)常与break搭配的短语还有：break down(机器，车辆等)坏了；(计划、谈判等)失败；坚持不下去了；(身体)垮了。break into强行进入；非法进入；破门而入break off 突然停止；中断(谈判)；断绝(关系)。break out 爆发；突然发生(争吵、疾病等)。break up 破碎；瓦解；(婚姻或关系)结束；驱散。,活学活用,Not having received support from his parents,he decided to_from them.,Abreak away Bbreak up,Cbreak down Dbreak off,答案：,A,3look around/round,1)环视，环顾，四下察看,People came out their houses and looked around.,人们走出家门四处查看。,2)(sth.)游览，参观,Lets look round the town this afternoon.,咱们今天下午游览市区吧。,知识拓展,1)look after,(to take care of)照顾,Whos going to look after the children while youre away?,你不在时谁来照料小孩？,(to be responsible for)对,负责,Im looking after his affairs while hes in hospital.,他住院时由我处理他的事务。,2)look on/upon.as.把,看作；把,视为,Shes looked on as the leading authority on the subject.,她被视为这门学科的主要权威。,3)look out(表示警告，尤指有危险)小心，当心，留神,If you dont look out,you may fall on the ice.,如果不小心的话，你会在冰上摔倒的。,4)look out for,(1)当心，提防，留心防备,You should look out for pickpockets.,你应当提防扒手。,(2)留心寻觅,Ill look out for you at the conference.,我会在开会时来找你。,5)look through sth.快速查看，浏览,She looked through her notes before the exam.,她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。,6)look sth.up(在词典或参考书中)查阅，查检,Can you look up the time of the next train?,你查一查下一班火车的时间好吗？,活学活用,_for the glass!,Its OK.Im wearing shoes.,ALook out BWalk out,CGo out DSet out,_this book and tell me what you think of it.,ALook through BLook on,CLook into DLook up,答案：,A,A,4leave out,1)不包括、不提及,Leave me out of this quarrel;I dont want to get involved.,请别把我拉入这场争吵中，我可不想牵连进去。,He hadnt been asked to the party and was feeling very left out.,他未被邀请参加聚会，感到颇受冷落。,2)忽略掉,This word is wrongly spelt;youve left out a letter.,这词拼错了，你漏了一个字母。,The picnic planner left out that it might rain.,野餐的策划者没想到下雨的可能性。,知识拓展,1)leave/let sb.alone不打扰，不惊动,Shes asked to be left alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere.,她要求别打扰她，但是摄影记者们到处都跟着她。,2)leave/let sth.alone不碰，不变动，不移动,Ive told you beforeleave my things alone.,我告诉过你别碰我的东西。,3)leave sth.aside不予考虑，搁置一边,Leaving the expense aside,do we actually need a second car?,且不说费用多少，我们真的还需要一辆汽车吗？,4)leave sb./sth.behind,比,取得好得多的进展；把,抛在后面，超过,Britain is being left behind in the race for new markets.,英国在开拓新市场方面正被抛在后面。,忘了带，丢下,Dont leave any of your belongings behind.,别忘了带上自己的随身物品。,注意：以上结构都是动词宾语宾补型的，意为：使,处于,的状态。,高考链接,(2008湖北)The teacher stressed again that the students should not_any important details while retelling the story.,Abring out Blet out,Cleave out Dmake out,答案：,C考查短语意义辨析。bring out,“,生产，出版,”,；let out,“,泄露，放出,”,；leave out,“,忽略，遗漏,”,；make out,“,看清，弄懂,”,。leave out符合句意。句意：老师再次强调学生在复述故事时不应遗漏任何细节。,活学活用,In copying this paper,be careful not to_any words.,Aleave behind Bleave aside,Cleave off Dleave out,答案：,D,1There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries:England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland.,对于用来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家的词语，现在已经毫无争辩的必要了。,There is no need表示,“,没有必要(做某事),”,；例如：,Theres no need to be concerned.,没必要担忧。,There is no need to worry at all.,根本没有必要担忧。,There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.,你明天不必早起。,知识拓展,1)There is no difference没区别,There is no difference in character between you and me.,你和我在性格上根本就没有差别。,2)There is no point(in)doing sth.做某事没有意义或没有作用,There is no point in getting angry.,发火是没有用的。,3)There is no doubt that.毫无疑问,There is no doubt that he is guilty.,毫无疑问，他是有罪的。,4)There is no time left for sth.没留下时间做,There is no time left for discussion/discussing.,没有时间可供讨论了。,5)There is no possibility 没有,的可能性,There is now no possibility that she will make a full recovery.,她现在已不可能完全康复。,高考链接,(2005广东)Some researchers believe that there is no doubt_a cure for AIDS will be found.,Awhich Bthat,Cwhat Dwhether,答案：,B句意：一些研究人员认为艾滋病的治疗方法毫无疑问会被发现的。There is no doubt that.为固定结构，表示,“,对,没有怀疑，疑虑,”,。,活学活用,(2002上海春)Since you have repaired my TV set，_is no need for me to buy a new one.,Ait Bthere,Cthis Dthat,(2001上海春)_is no possibility_Bob can win the first prize in the match.,AThere;that BIt;that,CThere;whether DIt;whether,答案：,B,A,2Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.,如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。,find Wales included属于,“,find宾语宾语补足语,”,结构，过去分词作宾语补足语。其特点是：由及物动词转化而来的过去分词担任宾语补足语时，与宾语在逻辑上构成被动关系，表示一个已经完成的被动动作；由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词担任宾语补足语时，只表示状态。例如：,I didnt expect to come and find him gone.,我没有料到，回到家时发现他已经走了。(状态),They found the room crowded with people.,他们发现屋子里挤满了人。(状态),When he got off the bus,he found his pocket picked.,他下车后发现口袋被扒了。(动作),A whale was found washed up on the shore.,一头鲸被发现冲到了岸上。(动作),知识拓展,“,find宾语宾语补足语,”,结构中，担任宾语补足语的结构除用过去分词外，还可以是形容词、名词、现在分词、介词短语、不定式等。例如：,find宾语形容词,I find Russian grammar very difficult.,我发现俄语语法很难学。,find宾语名词,They found him the right person for the job.,他们觉得他是最适合做这项工作的人。,find宾语现在分词,He found her weeping when he came back.,他回来时发现她在哭。,find宾语to be,I found the patient to be a small boy.,我发现病人是个小男孩。,find宾语介词短语,She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.,她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。,find宾语副词,I found him out when I called.,我去拜访他时，发现他外出了。,活学活用,The police found that the house_and a lot of things_.,Ahas broken into;has been stolen,Bhad been broken into;stolen,Chad broken into;had been stolen,Dhas been broken into;stolen,The next morning she found the man_in bed,dead.,Alying Blie,Clay Dlaying,答案：,B,A,