英语报刊选读chapter4lawandcrime.ppt

,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,*,英语报刊阅读,Selective Reading in English Print News Media,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Chapter 4,Selective Reading in English Print News Media,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Law and Crime,Text 1 and Exercises,A Brief Introduction,1,Text Analysis,2,Exercises,3,Do computer games increase tendencies to violence in children?,There is a growing body of opinion that the high level of violence depicted in many computer games does have a deleterious(,毒害身心的,)effect on children,contributing to the observed increase in violent behaviour exhibited by juveniles.,According to an article in the June 1994 issue of,Psychology Digest,a definite correlation has been established between the growing violence on television and in movies and the increase in aggressive behaviour of people in general,but especially in the young.,ESRB three parts:,rating symbols,suggest age appropriateness for the game(on the front of the game box),content descriptors,to indicate elements in a game that may have triggered a particular rating and/or may be of interest or concern(on the back of the game box);,more detailed rating summaries,that are available through the ESRB Web site.,As well as the rating system,the ESRBs Advertising Review Council(ARC)has developed a list of Principles and Guidelines to ensure responsible advertising practices by the video-game industry.,ARC is also responsible for responding to concerns or complaints raised by consumers regarding the marketing of video games.,Questions for Comprehension,1.“when the killing occurred”means,when he saw that the two boys were playing a bloody video game,in which,Mike,the friend of his 10-year-old son,killed an unarmed opponent.The scene of killing was very vivid,just like what is happening in the reality.,2.reasons he was shocked:,it was vivid,like a real murder.,The boys were still so young,while they are learning how to kill a person,even an unarmed one,and whats worse,they look enjoying it very much.This is really terrible.,3.reason:,There are many violent cases like these existing in our life,children are just copying the very bad examples.,4.“the real-life consequences”,in reality,if you commit a crime,you always pay for it.That is to say,you will be punished to some degree.You will even get a death penalty,sometimes,if its a very serious case.,while in a game,you may just feel thrilled after killing a person(your component),and wont be punished at all,sometimes,you can even get a reward for your killing.,5.differences:,In video or computer games,：,It is vivid and interactive with lifelike characters,detailed images of brutality,heart-pounding music,macabre sound effect and authentic voice.,It lets you feel the sensation of committing violent acts.You will feel just in the game.,In movies and television:,you just watch,without participation.,6.,The rapid evolution of game technology will make it possible.,7.,No.,he only speaks for the games and his own benefits,maybe,never for the innocent children.,So,in my mind,he is a selfish guy,or a person with little social responsibilities.,8.About ESRB(Entertainment software Rating Board),a brief account,:its a rating system to inform parents of games featuring violent and sexually oriented content.And this system divides games into 5 categories,：,EC,E,T,M,AO,Purpose,:the system is not designed to keep mature games away from children,but to give parents the tools to determine what they do or dont want for their children.,Achievements,:most people think the rating system is accurate.,9.,No.,Children are still too young to make a good distinction between right and wrong,and they always have a strong desire to imitate what they think cool,so some unkind games should be kept away from the innocent children.,10.Contradictory attitudes:,They trumpet educational games in helping develop kids learning skills.(the games have great influence on children.),They discount the baser influence on behavior and attitudes.(games have no influence on children)for example:there has no evidence to show that video games increase violence in children.,11.,Just like the soldiers and police officers trained to kill in combat,the kids are taught how to kill in the same way.Its hard to refuse the effect of such violence due to the conditional reflex.,Further Reading 2,A Brief Introduction,1,Difficult Sentences,2,Exercises,3,Further Reading 2,V.Phrase Translation,Death House/death row,capital punishment/death penalty/capital offence/capital crime,cable television,Chamber of commerce,criminal justice,electric chair,warden/correctional officers,for good or ill,unthinkable acts of violence,Prison Museum,VI.Sentence translation,p.111,这座监狱的四周是用高达,32,英尺的砖墙围起来的，而且监狱的名字也由此而来。监狱建造于,1848,年，关着,1700,名犯人，其中处决死刑犯的死囚区也在这里。,P.112,正是因为这座监狱的存在，才了有今天的山姆,休斯顿大学，因为我们学校最大的研究课题就是刑事司法，没有附近的监狱，我们的研究就不可能像现在这样深入彻底。,P.113,“对于监狱里的死刑处决，我们可能有点冷漠”，昆寇坦白说，“我得说一般的亨茨维尔人都不大可能比其他任何地方的人更反对处决死刑犯”。,P114.,（,sentence 1,）,一般情况下，如果晚上有个死囚犯将被处决，你到广场上的咖啡馆问里面的人是否知道此事，也许你会发现他们并不知情，是你告诉了他们这一消息。这样的事情只是在这里发生而已，并不一定会进入人们的生活。人们尽量努力使自己的生活远离监狱里发生的一切。不论你赞成与否，这件事情很快就被人淡忘。,P114,（,sentence 2,）,实际上，我认为死刑的存在能够更好地表明我们对于无辜生命的价值的尊重，因为它让那些损害别人利益的人明白一个道理：他们要为自己无法想象的暴力行为付出最终的代价。,P114,（,sentence 3,）,决定人生死的权利是我们所能想到的最严肃的一种职权了。面对这样的抉择，我一直以来都很慎重。而且，今后我还会一如既往地认真核查每一个摆在我面前的死刑案件，以确保没有漏掉任何一个必要的程序。,P115,建造这座处决监狱的目的在于关押犯人，但也可以说是把犯人藏起来了，因此那些依靠监狱而生存的人们就不会去想监狱里面发生的事情，也不会去想监狱的存在对自己的生活会造成什么样的影响。,Thank You!,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,