天津专版高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第十一讲名词与冠词讲义.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第十一讲名词与冠词,专题一语法知识,栏目索引,考点,1,名词词义辨析,，,包括同缀、形近、意近和无关联词,考点,2,名词的一词多义与熟词新义,考点,3,抽象名词具体化,解题方法,方法,1,利用固定搭配和习惯表达,方法,2,利用句子的平衡、对比等结构,方法,3,充分把握具体的语境,解题方法,方法,1,语境暗示法,方法,2,准确翻译法,方法,3,固定短语搭配法,强化练,(,十一,),考点,4,不定冠词与定冠词的综合考查,1.There is no need to tell me your answer,now.Give,it,some_and,then let me know.(2015,安徽，,30),A.thought,B.support,C.protection,D.authority,考点,1,名词词义辨析,，,包括同缀、形近、意近和无关联词,解析,句意为：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。多思考一下，再让我知道。,thought,思想，思考，符合句意。,support,支持，维持，支援，供养；,protection,保护，防卫；,authority,权威，权力，当局。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.One of the most effective ways to reduce _ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015,浙江，,15),A.production,B.stress,C.energy,D.power,解析,句意为：减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈你的感受。,stress,压力，紧张，符合语境。,production,生产，制作，产品；,energy,精力，活力，干劲；,power,权力，势力，影响力。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.Some schools will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015,江苏，,32),A.judgments,B.adjustments,C.comments,D.achievements,解析,句意为：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将不得不做出调整。,judgment,判断；,adjustment,调整，适应；,comment,评论；,achievement,成果，成就。故选,B,项。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.Go and say sorry to your Mom,，,Dave.,I,d like to,，,but I,m afraid she won,t be happy with my _.,(2015,江苏，,35),A.requests,B.excuses,C.apologies,D.regrets,解析,句意为：,去向你妈妈道歉，戴夫。,我想去，但我担心她对我的道歉不满意。,request,要求，请求；,excuse,理由，借口；,apology,道歉，致歉；,regret,懊悔，遗憾。根据前面的,“,say sorry,”,可知选,C,项。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,解析,句意为：当这个男孩追赶哥哥的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。根据句中的,had a bad fall,可知，这个男孩之所以摔倒是因为失去了平衡，,lose one,s balance,意为,“,失去平衡,”,。,chance,机会；,memory,记忆；,place,地方。,5.When he was running after his brother,，,the boy lost his _ and had a bad fall.(2015,湖北，,21),A.balance,B.chance,C.memory,D.place,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,解析,句意为：在执行秘密任务时，他给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏自己的身份。,emotion,情感，情绪；,talent,天才，才能，人才；,identity,身份，本体，特征；,treasure,财富，金银财宝，珍品。根据句意选,C,。,6.He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out the secret task.(2015,湖北，,22),A.emotion,B.talent,C.identity,D.treasure,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,解析,句意为：当理查德说：,“,你现在更讨人喜欢，更漂亮了,”,时，琼的脸因这意想不到的赞美而变得绯红。,command,命令；,comparison,比较；,compliment,恭维，称赞；,contribution,贡献。由句意可知,C,项正确。,7.When Richard said,，,“,You are much more agreeable and prettier now,，,”,Joan,s face turned red at the unexpected _.(2014,湖北，,22),A.command,B.comparison,C.compliment,D.contribution,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,解析,句意为：风能是现在世界上增长最快的动力来源。,source,来源；,sense,感觉；,result,结果；,root,根源。由句意可知选,A,项。,8.Wind is now the world,s fastest growing _ of power.(2014,天津，,3),A.source,B.sense,C.result,D.root,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点归纳,名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。近几年考查的名词词义辨析主要有以下几种形式：,1.,“,同缀,”,词的词义辨析，即相同词缀的名词辨析。近几年高考中常出现的有：,expression(,表情,)attention(,注意,),satisfaction(,满意,)impression(,印象,),accommodation(,住宿,)occupation(,职业,),adaptation(,适应，改编,)appreciation(,欣赏,),equipment(,设备,)arrangement(,安排,),assessment(,评估，估算,)entertainment(,娱乐,),consequence(,后果,)independence(,独立,),competence(,能力，权限,)intelligence(,智力,),2.,“,形近,”,词的词义辨析，近几年高考中常出现的形近词有：,command(,命令,)comparison(,比较,),compliment(,赞美,)contribution(,贡献,),commitment(,承诺，保证,)competition(,竞争,),accommodation(,住宿,)accompany(,陪伴,),3.,“,意近,”,词的词义辨析，近几年高考中常出现的意近词有：,advice,；,question,；,offer,；,idea,anger,；,rudeness,；,regret,；,panic(,惊慌,),4.,“,无关联,”,词的词义辨析，近几年高考中出现的有：,symbol,象征,)portrait(,肖像,),identity(,身份,)statue(,雕像,),difference(,差异,)comparison(,比较,),connection(,连接,)barrier(,屏障，障碍,),luck(,运气,)value(,价值,),time(,时间,)fact(,事实,),1.Can you tell us your _ for happiness and a long life?,Living every day to the full,，,definitely.(2016,江苏，,24),A.recipe,B.record,C.range,D.receipt,考点,2,名词的一词多义与熟词新义,解析,句意为：,您能告诉我们您幸福与长寿的秘诀吗？,确切地说，是充实地过好每一天。根据答语可知，此处问的是幸福与长寿的秘诀。,recipe,秘诀，诀窍，符合句意。,record,记录；,range,范围；,receipt,收据，均不符合题意。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,2.The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _ of rain later tonight.(2016,天津，,10),A.effect,B.sense,C.change,D.chance,解析,句意为：天气预报说多云，今天夜间下雨的可能性不大。,chance,可能性，符合语境。,effect,结果，效应；,sense,感觉，理解力；,change,变化，改变。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,3.The failure was a big _ to him,，,but he wasn,t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.(2015,福建，,24),A.blow,B.issue,C.excuse,D.factor,解析,句意为：这次失败对他来说是一次不小的冲击，但是他没有气馁，很快就变得和以往一样有热情了。,blow,打击，痛击，符合语境。,issue,问题；,excuse,借口；,factor,因素。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,4.Could you tell me the _ of making such tasty cakes?,Well,，,I just follow the directions in the cookbook.(2014,福建，,26),A.feature,B.plan,C.cost,D.trick,解析,句意为：,你能告诉我制作如此美味的蛋糕的诀窍吗？,哦，我只是按照烹饪书上的说明来做的。,feature,特征，特点；,plan,计划；,cost,费用；,trick,技巧。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,考点归纳,名词的一词多义与熟词新义是考查的重点和难点。掌握熟词新义重在多阅读、多积累。,Those who suffer from headache will find they get relief from this medicine.,患头疼的人会发现通过使用这种药，他们的头疼会得到缓解。,relief,的常见含义为,“,安慰，宽慰,”,，此处表示,“,缓解,”,。,抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类：,一、表示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词有：,考点,3,抽象名词具体化,抽象名词,抽象名词具体化,drink,饮料,a drink,一杯饮料,comfort,安慰；慰藉,a comfort,一件令人感到安慰的事或一个令人感到安慰的人,feeling,感觉；感情,a good feeling,一种愉快的感觉,success,成功,a success,一位成功的人或一件成功的事,failure,失败,a failure,一个失败的人或一件失败的事,surprise,惊奇,a surprise,一件令人惊奇的事,experience,经验,an experience,一次经历,difficulty,困难,a difficulty,一件难事,coffee,咖啡,two coffees,两杯咖啡,beauty,美，美丽,a beauty,美人，美丽的东西,pleasure,愉快，高兴,a pleasure,一件乐事；一个乐趣,pride,骄傲,a pride,令人骄傲的人或事,reality,实际,a reality,一件实现的事，现实,honor,荣誉，信誉,an honor,光荣的人或事,二、表,行为的抽象名词，强调其具体表现形式时，常以,a/an,抽象名词，或,a/an,形容词抽象名词。常用短语、句型如下：,have a wonderful supper,；,have a bright future,；,have a good time,；,have a population of,；,have a good knowledge/understanding of,；,have an income of,；,receive a good education,；,receive a warm welcome,；,cover an area of,；,reach a height of,；,Its a waste of time/money,；,Its a great help to me.,；,Its a pity that.,三、表示具体动作意义的抽象名词，加,a/an,与某些动词,(have,，,take,，,make,，,give),等词连用时，表示某一次短暂的动作。,have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep,；,take a walk/bath,；,give/take a try,；,make an advance/an early start/an apology,；,take/have a great interest,；,go out for a walk,四、接同源宾语的短语，通常名词表示具体化意义。,die a heroic death,；,live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life,；,dream a strange dream,方法,1,利用固定搭配和习惯表达,It is said that dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.,A.safety,B.company,C.house,D.friend,解题方法,解析,句意为：据说，当你感到孤独时，你想要狗陪伴你多长时间它们就陪伴你多长时间。固定搭配,keep,pany,意为,“,陪伴某人，与某人作伴,”,。,答案,解析,方法,2,利用句子的平衡、对比等结构,To make members of a team perform better,，,the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses.,A.strengths,B.benefits,C.techniques,D.values,解析,句意为：为了使队员更好地表现，教练首先要了解队员的优势和劣势。,and,后跟,weak,的名词形式，正好与,strong,的名词形式形成对比，符合语境。,benefit,利益，好处；,technique,技术，工艺；,value,价值，都与语境不符。,答案,解析,方法,3,充分把握具体的语境,Always read the _ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.,A.explanations,B.instructions,C.descriptions,D.introductions,解析,句意为：总是要仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，并且按正确剂量服用。药瓶上一般应是,instructions,“,说明，须知,”,，即指导人们怎么服药，故选,B,。,答案,解析,1._ prize for the winner of the competition is _ two-week holiday in Paris.(2016,浙江，,2),A.The,；,/,B.A,；,/,C.A,；,the,D.The,；,a,考点,4,不定冠词与定冠词的综合考查,答案,1,2,解析,句意为：这次比赛给获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。第一个空格表示对比赛获胜者的奖励，是特指，故用,the,；第二个空格泛指一次为期两周的假期，用不定冠词,a,。故选,D,项。,解析,3,4,5,2.I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask.(2015,重庆，,3),A.the,；,/,B.a,；,/,C.the,；,a,D.a,；,the,解析,句意为：我刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示,“,Dora,工作的那家银行,”,；第二空为泛指，表示,“,一位,”,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,3.Jane,s grandmother had wanted to write _ children,s book for many years,，,but one thing or another always got in _ way.,(2015,浙江，,2),A.a,；,/,B.the,；,the,C./,；,the,D.a,；,the,解析,句意为：简的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情妨碍她写书。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词,a,；第二空为固定表达,in the way,“,妨碍，阻碍,”,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,4.Brian is gifted in writing music,；,he is very likely to be_ Beethoven.,(2015,四川，,5),A.a,B.an,C.the,D./,解析,句意为：,Brian,在音乐创作方面极有天赋，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人。不定冠词用在人名前，表示,“,一个像,那样的人,”,；又因,Beethoven,是以辅音音素开头的单词，故用,a,，故选,A,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,5._ more learned a man is,，,_ more modest he usually becomes.,(2015,陕西，,14),A.The,；,the B.A,；,a,C.The,；,a D.A,；,the,解析,句意为：一个人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。此处是,“,the,比较级，,the,比较级,”,结构，表示,“,越,就越,”,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,考点归纳,1.,不定冠词与物质名词连用，表示物质的,“,一种,”,或表示食品、饮料的,“,一份，一杯,”,或表示,“,一股，一场，一阵,”,等。,Longjing,is a wonderful tea.,龙井是一种极好的茶。,A strong wind blew off a lot of leaves.,一阵大风吹落了许多树叶。,2.,不定冠词与抽象名词连用，表示某种动作的,“,一次，一例，一番,”,或表示人或事物等的某一品质或性质，有时表示引起某种情绪的事。,Do you care for a smoke?,抽支烟好吗？,It,s a shame to lie.,撒谎是不光彩的事。,3.,序数词前面也可用不定冠词，但不表示顺序意义，而是表示,“,再一，又一,”,之意。,I really must buy a second pair of shoes.,我真得必须再买一双鞋了。,Mr,Liu,，,who is good at,maths,，,has been called a second,Hua,Luogeng,.,刘老师擅长数学，被称为另一个华罗庚。,4.,序数词在句中用作副词时，其前不用冠词。,He was only a child when I first saw him.,我第一次见到他的时候他还是个孩子。,5.,序数词作名词用，表示,“,第几名,”,或,“,属于第几,”,等时，其前不加定冠词，但它有单复数之分。,He took a first in the exam.,他在这次考试中得了第一名。,These are all firsts.,这些都是一等品。,6.,在,“,a most,形容词,”,中，,most,表示,“,很,；非常,”,之意。,She told us a most touching story.,她给我们讲了一个非常动人的故事。,7.a/an,比较级，表示,“,比,更,的一个,”,，是泛指。,The book is too,old.Can,you give me a newer one?,这本书太旧了。你能给我一本更新的吗？,8.,在对两者进行比较时，可用,“,the,比较级,”,结构。,The picture is the prettier of the two.,两张图画之中，这一张更漂亮。,方法,1,语境暗示法,在解答冠词试题时，要注意下面的原则：一是根据句子的意思判断是特指,(,定冠词表示特指,),还是泛指,(,不定冠词表示泛指,),，其次看是可数名词还是不可数名词。这样就能够根据句子的意思判断出是选定冠词还是不定冠词。,解题方法,典例,First impressions are the most,lasting.After,all,，,you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.,A.a,；,the,B.the,；,the,C.a,；,a,D.the,；,a,解析,句意为：第一印象最持久。毕竟，你不可能有第二次机会去再给别人留一次第一印象。第一空后有,second,，在此表示,“,再一次,”,机会，而不是表示顺序，应用不定冠词；第二空后的,first expression,是泛指，也不是表示顺序，又根据题干可以判断,impression,在此处是可数名词，可数名词单数表示泛指时须用不定冠词。故选择,C,项。,答案,解析,方法,2,准确翻译法,冠词,a/an,表示,“,一个，一种，某一个,”,，一般泛指任意一个；而,the,表示,“,这个，那个,”,，是特指。所以在大多数情况下，如果我们能准确地把泛指或特指的意思翻译出来，就能够正确地解答该题。,典例,The caf provided _ satisfactory service for me,，,so I ordered _ second coffee.,A.a,；,a,B.a,；,the C./,；,the,D.the,；,/,解析,句意为：这家咖啡馆为我提供了满意的服务，所以我又要了一杯咖啡。序数词前面一般加定冠词表示,“,第,”,之意，但在,second,，,third,等词前加不定冠词时，表示,“,又一，再一,”,之意。,a satisfactory service,抽象名词具体化，故用不定冠词,a,。,答案,解析,方法,3,固定短语搭配法,掌握冠词的习惯用法，冠词活用和固定词组中用不用冠词或用什么冠词对于解答冠词试题也是很重要的。,典例,There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space,，,about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth.,A.the,；,the B./,；,the,C.the,；,/,D.a,；,the,解析,句意为：太空中有超过,58 000,的岩状物体，其中大约,900,有可能掉到地球上。第一空,in space,是固定短语，不用冠词，类似用法还有,in nature,，,in society,等；第二空后名词,earth,属于独一无二的事物，其前必须用定冠词。,答案,解析,强化练,(,十一,),1.I often have _ chat with my friends on _ phone in my spare time.(2017,红桥区二模，,2),A.a,；,the,B.the,；,/,C.the,；,the,D.a,；,/,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,句意为：在我闲暇时我经常和朋友们在电话里聊天。第一空,have a chat with,sb,.,为习惯搭配；第二空,on the phone,也为习惯搭配。故答案为,A,。,解析,2.Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their _ to patients.(2017,天津十二所重点中学一模，,5),A.exposure,B.discrimination,C.guidance,D.response,解析,句意为：医护人员因接触病人而有被感染疾病的风险。,exposure,暴露，接触；,discrimination,歧视；,guidance,指导，引导；,response,反应，回答，答复。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.If you want to see a doctor,，,you fix a date with him ahead of,time.That,is a common _ in the USA.(2017,和平区一模，,2),A.view,B.exercise,C.practice,D.reality,解析,句意为：如果你想去看医生，你要提前和他约定日期。那在美国是一种惯例。,common practice,意为,“,普遍的做法，惯例,”,，符合句意。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.In 2013,，,Beijing adopted an emergency _ program for air pollution.,(2017,河东区一模，,6),A.behavior,B.action,C.response,D.situation,解析,句意为：在,2013,年，北京通过了空气污染应急响应计划。,emergency response,应急响应。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best,team.But,this time there is,a(n,)_.(2017,河西区一模，,2),A.break,B.improvement,C.exception,D.tradition,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,句意为：通常情况下，,“,年度最佳球员,”,这一头衔会给最好球队中的大牌运动员，但是这一次却是个例外。由,Usually,及,But,可知选,C,。,exception,一般情况以外的人,(,或事物,),，例外。,解析,解析,solution,解决方法；,invitation,邀请，诱因；,block,障碍，街区，大块；,access,接近，入口。句意为：对考试失败的恐惧会引起你的恐慌，压力会阻碍你在学校的表现，故选,C,。,6.The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be,a(n,)_ to your performance at school.(2017,河北区一模，,5),A.solution,B.invitation,C.block,D.access,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,句意为：尽管我们的星球上依然存在战争，但是我坚信不同种族的人民是能和谐相处的。,live together in harmony,和谐相处。,7.Although war still exists on our planet,，,I do believe it,s possible for different ethnic groups to live together in _.,(2017,天津十二所重点中学二模，,10),A.agreement,B.harmony,C.connection,D.comparison,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Unfortunately,，,_ stone hit him on _ head and he got injured.,(2017,南开区二模，,1),A.the,；,a,B.a,；,/,C.a,；,the,D.the,；,the,解析,句意为：不幸的是，一块石头击中了他的头部，他受伤了。第一空表泛指，用不定冠词,a,；第二空考查固定搭配：,hit,sb.on,the head,“,打某人的头,”,，用定冠词,the,。故答案为,C,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.I prefer writing _ letters to talking on _ phone.,(2017,河西区二模，,3),A.the,；,a B./,；,the,C.the,；,the D./,；,a,解析,句意为：和打电话相比，我更喜欢写信。第一空,letters,为名词复数其前不用冠词；第二空,on the phone,为习惯搭配。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,句意为：这项工作对他来说有点难。他尝试了各种方法，但收效甚微。,make little difference,意为,“,没多大的区别,”,，为固定结构。类似的还有,make no difference,没有影响；,make a difference,有影响，起,(,重要,),作用。,10.It was a difficult job for,him.He,had tried everything but it made little _.(2017,南开区三模，,11),A.use,B.good,C.difference,D.result,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.This is our contribution to _ world of the 21st century,，,_ world of independence and mutual understanding.,(2017,河东区一模，,2),A.the,；,a B./,；,a,C.a,；,the,D.the,；,/,解析,句意为：这是我们对,21,世纪的世界的贡献，一个独立的、互相理解的世界。第一空用,the,，特指,“,21,世纪的世界,”,；第二空用,a,，泛指,“,一个独立的、互相理解的世界,”,。故答案为,A,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.For the final _ of our journey,，,we decided to take the coach.,(2017,江苏南京三模，,22),A.leg,B.round,C.distance,D.path,解析,句意为：在我们旅行的最后一段路程，我们决定乘长途汽车。,leg,一段路程，一段旅程；,round,回合；,distance,距离；,path,小路，道路。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.,Jianbing,，,one of the most popular snacks in China,，,appeals to almost everyone in America and has become new _ food there.,(2017,河东区二模，,2),A.usual,B.hit,C.common,D.success,解析,句意为：煎饼是中国最受欢迎的小吃之一。它几乎吸引了每一个美国人并且已成为那里新的风行一时的食品。,usual,通常的；,hit,在此处为名词，意为,“,成功而轰动,(,或风行,),一时的人或物,”,；,common,常见的；,success,n,.,成功。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,“,the,形容词,”,表示一类人，本题中,the poor,即是,“,穷人,”,之意；,out of sympathy,意为,“,出于同情,”,，为固定搭配。综上，故选,B,。,14.My neighbor Molly is very kind-,hearted.She,usually volunteers to help _ poor in our community out of _ sympathy.,(2017,天津一中,4,月考，,3),A./,；,the,B.the,；,/,C.a,；,the,D.the,；,the,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.Time and time again she was warned of,the_of,her action.,(2017,红桥区一模，,10),A.effects,B.results,C.importance,D.consequences,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,解析,effect,影响；,result,结果；,importance,重要性；,consequence,后果，往往指不良后果。题干中的,warn(,警告,),说明此处是,“,不良后果,”,，故选,D,。,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.I don,t fully understand what you said,，,but I have got _ rough idea of _ plan.(2017,天津一中,5,月考，,2),A.a,；,/,B./,；,the,C.a,；,the,D.the,；,the,答案,解析,第一空：,have a rough idea of,意为,“,对,大致了解,”,，是固定搭配，排除,B,、,D,两项；,第二空：,plan,属于特指，要加定冠词,the,，排除,A,项，故选,C,。,解析,17.It is important to pay your electricity bill on time,，,as late payments may affect your _.(2017,南开区一模，,13),