中考英语复习-第三篇-题型提升篇-题型二-完形填空.pptx

,第三篇,题型二完形填空,*,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,析命题,点技巧,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,攻考点,全突破,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,第三篇,题型二完形填空,析命题,点技巧,攻考点,全突破,对点练,速提升,-,*,-,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,题型二完形填空,第1页,-,2,-,【命题特点】,第2页,-,3,-,第3页,-,4,-,【满分突破】,1.,答题,“,四法,”,(1),关注首尾,抓主旨,解答完形填空关键在于掌握并了解短文大意。有时依据文章首尾句就能抓住主题,因为它是一个主要,“,窗口,”,。经过它,能够大致了解全文概貌和作者立意。它往往提供了全文中心信息,考生应该充分利用此句标志作用,并将它作为一个解题突破口,据此展开思维。,(2),瞻前顾后,寻逻辑,文章都是前后连贯、符合逻辑地按一定脉络向前发展延伸,所以每道题在文章中都能找到信息依据。在解题过程中必须把握文章发展趋势,琢磨文章字里行间意义,选择与作者思绪或意图相吻合选项。,第4页,-,5,-,(3),左顾右盼,找搭配,一些固定句型和短语搭配是完形填空常考点。做题时应注意所填内容与空格前后词语习惯搭配。尤其审查空白处前后名词、动词、介词或非谓语动词等与各选项之间搭配关系。,(4),分析语境,辨词义,词义辨析主要有四种形式,:a.,同义词或近义词辨析,;b.,形近词辨析,;c.,惯用词汇辨析,;d.,转换词语辨析。不论何种形式辨析都需要考生在详细语言环境中进行把握。尤其注意上下文逻辑关系了解,如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、对比关系等。,第5页,-,6,-,2.,破题,“,六招,”,(1),善用语境推断,语境推断是完形填空命题最主要角度。脱离上下文语境,每个选项放在空格处,在语法上、词性上、意义上可能都是正确,不过在上下文详细情景下,正确答案又是唯一。,Jenny,from Germany,spent some time traveling in India.While she was there,she stayed with her Indian friend,Leela.However,there was a language barrier(,障碍,)for her there.It was very,31,for her to communicate in the new environment,which was very different from,32,of her own country.,31.A.niceB.dangerousC.difficultD.easy,第6页,-,7,-,【剖析】,命题角度,:,语境推断。孤立地看本句,四个选项都是讲得通,不过由上文,Jenny,from Germany,spent some time traveling in India.there was a language barrier for her there,语境可推断,:,在新环境里,Jenny,和他人交流非常困难,故选,C,。,(2),切记语法知识,普通来讲,完形填空中不会直接考查语法,如在同一小题里,选项搭配动词不一样时态、语态和词性等,但有命题属于语法角度,解题时需要考虑语法原因。,第7页,-,8,-,Being blind,deaf,unable to walk or use your hands easily is something,33,most people can,t imagine.,A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where,【剖析】,命题角度,:,语法知识。本题是以定语从句先行词判定为命题角度,其正确答案确实定也需要以定语从句语法利用为支撑,所以正确答案是,A,。,第8页,-,9,-,(3),领悟逻辑推理,完形填空短文语篇精美,行文流畅,逻辑性强。上下句之间或并列,或递进,或转折,或让步等,使得行文逻辑关系愈加亲密、紧凑,也所以成为命题一大角度。,(,安徽中考,)He seemed to be dumb(,哑,),51,he was normal in every other way.,A.because B.whenC.thoughD.before,【剖析】,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。四个选项都可作隶属连词,分别表示原因、时间、让步、时间,依据主句,(,他似乎是哑,),和从句,(,他在每个其它方面都是正常,),逻辑关系可知,此处应该用表示让步关系连词,though,。,第9页,-,10,-,(4),关注词汇复现,选项中词汇复现是命题一个特点。词汇复现包含词汇前复现、词汇后复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。复现位置也各不相同,有紧接着复现,有相隔几句甚至是几段复现,有前后复现都有。,(,河南中考,)He often asked,36,which were strange.,A.questionsB.help C.promises D.advice,【剖析】,命题角度,:,词汇复现。下文,to answer these questions;Once Akbar asked a very strange question;May I know the question,都复现了,question,一词。,第10页,-,11,-,(5),熟记固定搭配,有词汇、短语搭配是比较固定、约定俗成,需要考生熟记。,(,重庆中考,)Each class is given a small garden and our class has decided to grow some tomatoes and beans(,豆类,)in our,46,time.,A.busy B.free C.happy D.sad,【剖析】,命题角度,:,固定搭配。,in one,s free/spare time“,在某人空闲时间,”,。,第11页,-,12,-,(6),熟知生活常识,生活常识,如天气情况、交通规则、人物喜怒哀乐、时间、地点等作为命题角度。,(,杭州中考,)but as I came near the light,it turned,33,and I braked to a stop.,A.green B.yellow C.red D.dark,【剖析】,命题角度,:,生活常识。依据生活常识,见到红灯才停车。故选,C,项。,第12页,-,13,-,考点一,记叙文,一、命题特点,1.,首句完整,线索清楚,普通作者在第一句话就交代了人物姓名、身份或事件发生时间、地点,然后再介绍事件发生、发展,最终得出结果,(,或采取倒叙方式,首先讲述事件所带来后果或影响,然后再讲述经历、事情经过,),。,2.,叙述灵活,侧重语境,文章以叙述为主,绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件,较少加入作者观点或评论。所以,常会出现态度与观点跳跃,或语气上差异,从而增加情景迷惑性和干扰性,突出对语境依赖性。,第13页,-,14,-,3.,实词为主,虚词为辅,完形填空设题有赖于上下文语境,选项普通集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词考查上,介词、连词、冠词等虚词考查相对较少。,第14页,-,15,-,二、破题技巧,1.,通读全文,理清脉络,掌握作者写作思绪、文章所叙述事件或情节发展脉络是答题关键。只有正确把握作者写作思绪与故事发展主体脉络,才能原汁原味地还原故事内容,解答好这类完形填空。,2.,利用语境,琢磨心态,记叙类完形填空主要描述事件发生过程、作者心理状态、思想改变等。考生需要借助上下文乃至全文语境提醒或限制,仔细琢磨作者心理改变过程,把作者想法真实地还原到文章中去。,3.,理清线索,把握方向,记叙文普通按事件发展次序叙述,有时用倒叙。答题时,要理清人物间关系,把握人物所作所为,从而把握细节,找准作者记叙方向,正确了解文章。,第15页,-,16,-,三、真题回访,(,广东中考,),Jack,s love for birds started when he made his first birdfeeder about six years ago.He filled the feeder with seeds(,种子,),put it in his backyard and then,46,started coming.He got really,47,in birds as more came.Then he joined a local society.As he realized that more and more birds were dying very,48,he wanted to try his best to help them.,第16页,-,17,-,Besides what he has done,he has his own group called Protecting Our Birds.He does,49,about birds,runs a website to teach people about birds and how to help them,and,50,boxes for birds.Not long ago,he found that the bluebirds were nesting(,做窝,)in the dead trees which were often cut down,51,he began to make bluebird boxes for the birds in order to save them.Now he wants to use these boxes to,52,the dead trees.He hangs these boxes up in trees and takes,53,down every week to see if the birds are nesting in them.He also writes articles,hoping that more people will,54,protecting natural ecosystems(,生态系统,).“Researching birds is,55,to protecting birds,”Jack says,“In order to protect birds,we have to learn and really know about the birds.”,第17页,-,18,-,46.A.bees,B.birds,C.peopleD.scientists,47.A.nervousB.weak,C.bored D.interested,48.A.peacefully B.safely,C.quicklyD.sadly,49.A.practiceB.business,C.instructionD.research,50.A.buildsB.breaks,C.liftsD.pushes,51.A.so B.but,C.thoughD.because,52.A.take good care ofB.take the place of,C.catch up withD.come up with,第18页,-,19,-,53.A.itB.this,C.these D.them,54.A.wait forB.send for,C.join inD.hand in,55.A.simpleB.crazy,C.importantD.fresh,第19页,-,20,-,【答题剖析】,本文是一篇记叙文。,Jack,是位爱鸟人士,喜欢鸟同时也为保护鸟做出了行动。,46.B,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查名词词义辨析。第一句中写出,Jack,喜欢鸟,故推测这里应该是小鸟飞来。故选,B,。,47.D,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查形容词词义辨析。依据前文,Jack,喜欢鸟并主动让小鸟来到他院子推测他对于小鸟到来是感兴趣。故选,D,。,48.C,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查副词词义辨析。依据后面空后,Jack,想尽力帮助它们可知,越来越多鸟正在快速死亡。故选,C,。,49.D,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查名词词义辨析。依据前后文,Jack,建立自己保护鸟组织,并教诲其它人怎样保护小鸟可推测,Jack,应该是做了一些研究。故选,D,。,50.A,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查动词词义辨析。依据空后,boxes,可知,应该是建造盒子。故选,A,。,第20页,-,21,-,51.A,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查连词词义辨析。依据前后文意思,:,很快,他发觉蓝鸟在经常被砍伐死树上做窝,他开始给这些鸟建造蓝鸟盒子来拯救它们。前后为因果关系。故选,A,。,52.B,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查动词短语辨析。,take good care of,爱护,take the place of,代替,catch up with,赶上,come up with,想出。依据前文,“,他开始给这些鸟建造蓝鸟盒子来拯救它们,”,可推知此句表示,“Jack,想用盒子代替死树,”,。故选,B,。,53.D,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查代词词义辨析。此空指是前面,these boxes,应用,them,。故选,D,。,54.C,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查动词短语辨析。,wait for,等候,send for,发送到,join in,加入,hand in,交上,依据前文,Jack,为保护鸟所做事情可推知,此句是,Jack,希望人们加入进来一起保护生态系统。故选,C,。,第21页,-,22,-,55.C,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查形容词词义辨析。,simple,简单,crazy,疯狂,important,主要,fresh,新鲜。依据后句,“,为了保护鸟,我们必须学会并真正了解它们。,”,可推知此句表示,“,研究鸟在保护鸟时起到很主要作用。,”,故选,C,。,第22页,-,23,-,考点二,说明文,一、命题特点,常见说明文有自我介绍、人物介绍,(,传记,),、地方介绍、习俗介绍、节日介绍、方法,(,步骤,),介绍,产品说明、试验汇报、科普小品、读书汇报、新闻报道等。这类文章主要有以下几个特点,:,第23页,-,24,-,1.,内容客观性,说明文客观地说明、介绍、解释或报道客观人物、事物或发生现象,使读者获取一定信息或知识,语言直白,没有主观评论或情感抒发。,2.,篇章条理性,说明文层次分明,脉络清楚,有条有理。有按空间次序进行说明,有按时间次序进行说明,有按因果关系进行说明,有按先主后次次序进行说明,有先概述后举例,有先举例后概述,也有按事情逻辑关系展开,(,如,:,解析为何,怎样做等方面问题,),等等。,3.,语言朴实性,说明文目标是让读者获取信息,明白事理,所以,文章作者会用朴实、易懂和准确语言或使用数据进行说明,不浮夸,不加描述和议论。,第24页,-,25,-,二、解题技巧,1.,依据上下文词语暗示来选择,找到上下文相关信息,尤其是有暗示性词语,就轻易找到正确选项了。,2.,依据上下文行文逻辑来选择,短文是由有一定逻辑关系句子组成,任何一句话都不是孤立存在,而是要靠上下文作依靠,相互之间存在一定联络。只要我们把握好了空格上下文行文逻辑,再活用所学语言知识,就能选出正确答案。,3.,依据文化背景和生活常识来选择,有时,先前所积累文化背景知识和生活常识有利于正确解答完形填空题。,第25页,-,26,-,4.,紧紧围绕上下文,巧用排除法,有时,做题有时极难从正面确定答案,尤其是答案恰巧是一个你不认识单词,而其它三个选项你都认识时候,紧紧围绕上下文,巧用排除法往往会给你惊喜。,第26页,-,27,-,三、真题回访,(,安徽中考,),Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities.It is good to the,56,development of the big cities.,A,57,by a company found that shared bikes started the nation,s,58,for bikes again.Now more and more Chinese people are,59,bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities.,An engineer of the company says that since the,60,of shared bikes,people have made fewer trips by car.The love for shared bikes is not only among,61,people,who were born in the 1980s and 1990s,but also among people over sixty.,At weekends,the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the,62,of all cities.On weekdays,the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is,63,in Shanghai.,第27页,-,28,-,It is said that bike-sharing will help,64,the cities,environment.It not only helps solve the traffic problems,but also will help to make more use of,65,in cities.Take Beijing as an example,if more people choose shared bikes,an area of five Bird,s Nest stadium(,体育场,)will be saved.,56.A.slow,B.healthy,C.harmfulD.sudden,57.A.rule B.plan,C.reportD.suggestion,58.A.searchB.worry,C.preparationD.love,59.A.choosingB.pushing,C.repairingD.locking,第28页,-,29,-,60.A.end B.start,C.control D.fall,61.A.strong B.weak,C.oldD.young,62.A.top B.side,C.cornerD.line,63.A.coming overB.putting off,C.going upD.giving away,64.A.discoverB.separate,C.experienceD.improve,65.A.air B.time,C.spaceD.money,第29页,-,30,-,【答题剖析】,本文是一篇说明文。在很多大城市,共享单车不但受到青少年青睐,也赢得老年人欢迎。越来越多人出行时选择用共享单车。这不但能够帮助改进城市环境还能帮助我们节约空间。,56.B,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查形容词辨析。从下文描述共享单车好处及本句中,good,知,这里指是,“,使用共享单车对大城市健康发展有好处,”,healthy,意为,“,健康,”,符合语境,故选,B,。,57.C,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查名词辨析。从空后内容知,共享单车开始受到全国人青睐,越来越多中国人用共享单车替换小汽车。由此推知,这是一家企业汇报,report,意为,“,汇报,”,符合语境,故选,C,。,第30页,-,31,-,58.D,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查名词辨析。从下句,“,越来越多人使用共享单车替换小汽车进行城市短途旅行,”,以及第三段中,The love for shared bikes,知,共享单车又再次激发国人对自行车热爱,love,意为,“,爱,”,符合语境,故选,D,。,59.A,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查动词词义辨析。从空后内容,“,人们用共享单车替换小汽车进行城市短途旅行,”,知,这里说是人们正在选择使用共享单车。故选,A,。,60.B,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查名词辨析。依据选项了解句意,:,该企业一位工程师说,自从共享单车开始投入运行以来,人们就极少使用小汽车旅行。,start,意为,“,开始,”,符合语境。,61.D,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查形容词辨析。从下面定语从句,who were born in the 1980s and 1990s,知,八零后和九零后必定年轻,这里指是,“,共享单车不但受到年轻人青睐,也受到老年人欢迎,”,。,young,意为,“,年轻,”,符合语境。,第31页,-,32,-,62.A,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查名词辨析。依据选项了解句意,:,在周末,深圳骑自行车人数到达全部城市之最。,top,意为,“,顶,顶部,”,符合语境。,63.C,命题角度,:,语境了解。考查动词短语辨析。比照上句并依据选项了解句意,:,在工作日,上海使用共享单车上班人数也在上升。,go up,意为,“,上升,”,符合语境。,64.D,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查动词辨析。从文章第一段,It is good to the healthy development of the big cities,知,共享单车必定将帮助改进城市环境。,improve,意为,“,改进,”,符合语境。,第32页,-,33,-,65.C,命题角度,:,逻辑推理。考查名词辨析。从下文,Take Beijing as an example,if more people choose shared bikes,an area of five Bird,s Nest stadium will be saved.,知,假如在北京有更多人使用共享单车,那么就会有五个鸟巢体育馆空间被节约。由此推知,这里说是,共享单车不但帮助处理交通问题,也帮助让城市有更多可利用空间。,space,意为,“,空间,”,符合语境。,第33页,-,34,-,(,一,),In a history class,our teacher,Mrs.Bartlett asked us to make a poster(,海报,)in groups about the culture that we were studying.She told us to write the names of three friends we wanted in one group and she would think about our,1,.,The next day,I was told to be in a group I would,2,wantthe boy who was too weak in English,and the two girls who wore strange clothes.Oh,how I wanted to be with my,3,!,With tears in my eyes,I walked up to Mrs.Bartlett.She,4,me and seemed to know what I was there for.I told her I should be in the“good”group.She gently,5,a hand on my shoulder(,肩膀,).“I know what you want,Karma,”she said,“but your group needs you.I need you to help them.Only you can help them.”I was,6,and moved.Her words encouraged me.,第34页,-,35,-,“Will you help them?”she asked.“Yes,”I replied.Then I,7,walked over to my group.I sat down and we started.Each of us did a part according to our interests.Halfway through the week,I felt,8,enjoying our group.We did a good job together.Nobody,9,Mrs.Bartlett had believed in our group.,Amazingly,our group got an A.But I think we should hand the A back to Mrs.Bartlett.She was the one who should truly,10,it.Mrs.Bartlett brought out the potential(,潜能,)in four of her students.,第35页,-,36,-,1.A.classesB.booksC.choices D.clothes,2.A.oftenB.neverC.always D.sometimes,3.A.boysB.girls C.friendsD.teachers,4.A.laughed at B.looked at C.lived withD.agreed with,5.A.placedB.pushed C.washed D.pulled,6.A.usefulB.surprisedC.thirstyD.worried,7.A.hardlyB.deeplyC.lazilyD.bravely,8.A.myself B.herself C.yourself D.himself,9.A.around B.withC.forD.except,10.A.receiveB.startC.give D.throw,第36页,-,37,-,【答题剖析】,本文叙述了在一次历史课上,老师让分组做一个关于文化海报,作者已经选好了自己组员,可是老师要他去另外一组,他开始不愿去,不过在老师勉励和信任下他去了那个组,最终作者所在组取得了,A,作者认为这应该归功于老师敏锐眼光及发觉人潜能能力。,1.C,考查名词辨析。上一句要求学生自己写出小组名单,此处指老师考虑学生选择名单,choice,意为,“,选择,”,符合语境。,A,项意为,“,班,”;B,项意为,“,书,”,D,项意为,“,衣服,”,。,2.B,考查副词辨析。由下文,“the boy who was too weak in English,and the two girls who wore strange clothes”,可推知,“,我,”,不愿意在这一小组,never,意为,“,绝不,一点儿也不,”,符合语境。,3.C,考查名词辨析。由上文可知,“,我,”,不愿意和老师指定三个同学一组,此处指作者想和自己朋友在一起,friend,意为,“,朋友,”,符合语境。,第37页,-,38,-,4.B,考查短语辨析。句意,:,老师看着我,似乎知道我到那儿目标。,look at,意为,“,看,”,符合语境。,A,项意为,“,嘲笑,”;C,项意为,“,与,生活在一起,”;D,项意为,“,同意某人观点,”,。,5.A,考查动词辨析。句意,:,她轻轻地把手放在我肩膀上。,place,意为,“,放置,”,符合语境。,B,项意为,“,推,”;C,项为,“,洗,”;D,项意为,“,拉,”,。,6.B,考查形容词辨析。句意,:,我很吃惊,并被她话感动了。,A,项意为,“,有用,”;B,项意为,“,吃惊,”;C,项意为,“,渴,”;D,项意为,“,着急,”,。依据,I need you to help them.Only you can help them.,可知,作者对于老师说话很吃惊,故选,B,。,7.D,考查副词辨析。句意,:,然后我勇敢地走向我组。,A,项意为,“,几乎不,”;B,项意为,“,深深地,”;C,项意为,“,懒惰地,”;D,项意为,“,勇敢地,”,。依据上文,I told her I should be in the“good”group.,可知作者不愿来这个组,可是在老师开导下,他勇敢地接收了这个组,故选,D,。,第38页,-,39,-,8.A,考查人称代词。句意,:,经过半周时候,我就感觉我自己喜欢这个组了。依据句子主语是,I,所以用与句子主语相对应反身代词,myself,故选,A,。,9.D,考查介词辨析。句意,:,我组组员没有些人看好他们,因为除了,Mrs.Bartlett,之外,没有些人给他们足够关心。依据,no one cared enough about them,可知,这里应该用介词,except,意为,“,除了,”,符合语境。,A,项意为,“,周围,”;B,项意为,“,和,”;C,项意为,“,为了,”,。,10.A,考查动词辨析。句意,:,她是真正应该收到它人。依据,Mrs.Bartlett brought out the potential(,潜能,)in four of her students.,可知,是老师找到了作者这一组组员潜能,所以,A,真正取得者应该是老师,receive,意为,“,收到,”,符合语境。,B,项意为,“,开始,”;C,项意为,“,给,”;D,项意为,“,扔,”,。,第39页,-,40,-,(,二,),Long ago,people did not need money.They,1,wild animals,fruits and other plants.,As time passed,people learned to raise(,喂养,)animals and crops.Sometimes,families produced more than they,2,so they started to trade with other families.Later,people began to use money to,3,.However,it was not the kind of money we use today.They used shells,rice,salt,large stones,etc.,During the 600s B.C.,people began using coins as,4,.They soon found that coins were,5,to carry than goods(,货物,)and lasted a long time.Later,countries began to make,6,own coins.,第40页,-,41,-,The Chinese were the first to use paper money,probably as,7,as the 11th century.The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money when he visited China in the 1200s.However,European countries did not start using paper money,8,1600s.,Today,we have many ways to pay for things.We do not use coins or paper money as often as before,9,people can pay for things by cards or apps on mobile phones.They are easier and safer than,10,around a lot of“real”money.,第41页,-,42,-,1.A.lived onB.agreed with C.took in D.looked at,2.A.did B.had C.grew D.needed,3.A.buyB.sell C.exchange D.change,4.A.foodB.money C.paper moneyD.animals,5.A.difficultB.easy C.convenient D.easier,6.A.they B.ourC.theirD.his,7.A.earlyB.soonC.oldD.late,8.A.whenB.after C.until D.in,9.A.butB.becauseC.orD.and,10.A.carryingB.spendingC.havingD.doing,第42页,-,43,-,【答题剖析】,本文是一篇说明文,讲述了,“,钱,”,由来。很早以前人们不需要钱,因为没有剩下产品交换。伴随社会发展,出现了硬币和纸币,以及银行卡和手机支付等各种支付方式。,1.A,考查短语辨析。句意,:,很久以前,人们不需要钱。他们以动物、水果和其它植物为食。,live on,意为,“,以,为食,”,符合语境。,B,项意为,“,同意某人意见,”;C,项意为,“,吸入,”;D,项意为,“,看,”,。,2.D,考查动词辨析。由下一句,“,所以他们和其它家庭进行交易,”,可知,人们只要产出多于自己需要才去交易,need,意为,“,需要,”,符合语境。,3.C,考查动词辨析。由上下文可知,以后人们用钱进行物品交换,exchange,意为,“,交换,”,符合语境。,A,项意为,“,买,”;B,项意为,“,卖,”;D,项意为,“,改变,”,。,4.B,考查名词辨析。由上文可知,人们开始用,“,钱,”,作为交换物品媒介,此处人们把硬币作为,“,钱,”,money,意为,“,钱,”,符合语境。,第43页,-,44,-,5.B,考查形容词辨析。由常识可知,硬币作为交换媒介应该比物品如贝壳、石头等愈加轻易携带,easy,意为,“,轻易,”,符合语境。,6.C,考查物主代词。句意,:,以后,国家开始制造他们自己硬币。,countries,是复数,此处应用物主代词,故选,their,。,7.A,考查形容词辨析。句意,:,中国人是最早使用纸币,大约早在,11,世纪。,as early as,意为,“,早在,”,符合语境。,8.C,考查连词辨析。句意,:,然而,欧洲国家直到,17,世纪才开始使