高考英语复习单项填空专题三形容词和副词.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题三形容词和副词,1/32,-,2,-,考情概览,1,.,考查形容词和副词及其短语词义辨析。高考命题者对形容词考查主要是设置较长题干,考查在详细语境中辨析词义能力。对于副词主要考查以,-ly,结尾副词,程度副词和表示行文逻辑、起衔接作用副词。,2,.,考查形容词和副词比较级和最高级。命题者设置巧妙语境,题干中信息含蓄,没有显著标志词,考生只有了解句子含义,明确比较范围,才能得到正确答案。,2/32,-,3,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,形容词和副词词义辨析,词义辨析是高考对形容词、副词考查一大热点。解答这类题关键是了解所给形容词、副词词义,认真分析详细语境,结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确答案。,从近几年全国及各省市高考试题来看,考查频率最高形容词和副词有otherwise,however,nevertheless,instead,merely,even,interested,interesting,yet,hardly,just,therefore,though,too,very,common,effective,either,ever,fair,seldom,always,rare,never,less,more,nearly,only,purposefully,rather,still,such,surprised,surprising,等。,3/32,-,4,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,【典例分析】,(,天津卷,3)I want to see Mr.White.We have an appointment.,I,m sorry,but he is not,at the moment,for the meeting hasn,t ended.,A.busyB.active,C.concernedD.available,答案为,D,项。句意,:,我想见怀特先生,我们有约定。,抱歉,他现在没有空,因为会议还没有结束。,busy“,繁忙,”;active“,主动,”;concerned“,担心,”;available“,有空,;,可得到,”,。故选,D,项。,4/32,-,5,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,(,浙江卷,13)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,if you are travelling at high speed.,A.eventuallyB.strangely,C.merelyD.especially,答案为,D,项。句意,:,突然制动是很吓人经历,尤其是你正在高速行驶时候。依据句意,选,especially,“,尤其,尤其,”,。,eventually“,最终,”;strangely“,奇怪地,”;merely“,仅仅,”,。,5/32,-,6,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,形容词和副词比较等级,1,.,对二者进行同等程度比较用“as+原级+as”句型。当as.as 中间有名词时采取“as+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+as”和“as+many/much+名词+as”形式。如:,This is as good an example as the other is.,2,.,对二者进行不一样程度比较用“not as/so+原级+as”句型。如:,He cannot run so/as fast as you.,3,.,表示前者程度超出后者时用“比较级+than”句型。如:,Tom works harder than Peter.,He is more diligent than his brother.,4,.,表示前者程度不如后者时用“less+原级+than”句型。如:,This book is less interesting than that one.,6/32,-,7,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,5,.“,比较级+and+比较级”可用来表示“越来越”。如:,It is becoming colder and colder.,6,.“the+,比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,就越”。如:,The busier he is,the happier he feels.,7,.,要注意对应句型,遵照前后一致标准。如:,The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.(,对),The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.(,错),8,.,要防止重复使用比较级。如:,He is cleverer/more clever than his brother.(,对),He is more cleverer than his brother.(,错),7/32,-,8,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,9,.,要防止将主语含在比较对象中。如:,China is larger than any other country in Asia/any country in Africa.(,对),China is larger than any country in Asia.(,错),8/32,-,9,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,【典例分析】,(,浙江卷,18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend,in the coming years.,A.little moreB.no more,C.much moreD.many more,答案为,D,项。前面提到名词,events,是可数名词,所以不能用,little,和,much,去修饰,故排除,A,、,C,两项。依据语境,“,我,”,一直喜欢这些活动,应该希望未来几年继续参加更多,(,类似活动,),。后半句补全以后应该是,I,hope,to,attend,many,more,such,events,in,the,coming,years,。故选,D,项。,9/32,-,10,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time there are,meaningful things to do.,A.lessB.more,C.the least D.the most,答案为,B,项。,less“,更少,”;more“,更多,”;the,least“,最小,最少,”;the,most“,最多,”,。句意,:,我认为天天晚上看电视是浪费时间,有更多有意义事情去做。故选,B,项。,10/32,-,11,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,尤其提醒,我们在解考查比较级和最高级题目时,分清比较范围是关键:,(1),两个事物进行比较应用比较级,三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。做题时既要经过分析数量关系确定使用比较级还是最高级,又要注意经过句意和语境进行判断,因为很多题目并没有直接说明是几者进行比较,而是把数量隐含在句意中。,(2),若题目为省略句,应依据语境和语意寻找被比较对象,然后确定比较范围。,11/32,-,12,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,比较级和最高级前状语,1,.,比较级前惯用表示程度副词(短语)做状语,常见有much/a lot/a great deal/a bit/a little/still/even/far/rather等,不过very/quite/fairly普通不用来修饰比较级。如:,He is much/a lot/a great deal taller than I.,2,.,比较级前还惯用名词、数词和倍数做状语。如:,We have a third as many students as we had last term.,The river is three times as long as that one.,3,.,最高级惯用by far/much或序数词做状语。如:,The population of China is by far the largest in the world.,Africa is the second largest continent.,12/32,-,13,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,【典例分析】,(,天津南开区二模,8)How did you find your trip to Water Park in the summer of?,I thoroughly enjoyed it.It was,than I expected.,A.even much interesting,B.far more interesting,C.so far interesting,D.far from interesting,答案为,B,项。句意,:,你认为你在,年夏天水上乐园之旅怎么样,?,我非常享受那次旅行。它比我预期要有趣得多。依据句意可知,空处表示,“,有趣得多,”,形容词,interesting,比较级为,more,interesting,修饰形容词比较级可用,far,或,much,等,故选,B,项。,13/32,-,14,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,尤其提醒,比较句型中用名词、数词和倍数做状语时,一定要把这些状语放在比较级前或同级比较第一个as前。,14/32,-,15,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,比较级否定,1,.not,用来否定比较级时,只陈说客观事实,即“not+比较级+than.”表示“,不比”。如:,Jim is not taller than Daming.,2,.no,用来否定比较级时,往往带有感情色彩,对比较二者都否定,即“no+比较级+than.”表示“,和一样不”。如:,The patient is no better than he was yesterday.,Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.,3,.“,否定词+不定冠词+形容词比较级+名词”或“否定词+比较级”表示“从未,未曾”,经常表示最高级意义。如:,This film is very moving.I have never seen a better one.,15/32,-,16,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,【典例分析】,(,天津高考压轴卷,25)Grandma does all her own shopping and cookingI have never seen,aged person.,A.an independentB.a more independent,C.the most independentD.the more independent,答案为,B,项。句意,:,奶奶自己购物做饭,我从没见过比她更独立老年人。否定词加比较级表示最高级意思,修饰可数名词,person,且表示泛指,用,a,故选,B,项。,16/32,-,17,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,惯用连接性副词,1,.besides“,另外,另外”,表示递进关系。,2,.however“,然而”,表示让步、转折关系。惯用逗号与句子其它部分隔开。,3,.though“,然而,可是”,表示转折关系。做副词时,用于句末。,4,.moreover“,另外”,表示承接关系。,5,.anyway“,不论怎样,不论怎样”,表示转折关系。,6,.therefore“,所以,所以”,表示结果。,7,.meanwhile“,在此期间”,表示两个动作同时发生。,8,.instead“,相反”,表示动作相反。,17/32,-,18,-,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点五,考点四,【典例分析】,By accepting lower prices,organizers can sell tickets that would,go unsold.,A.thereforeB.otherwise,C.insteadD.however,答案为,B,项。句意,:,组织者经过降低价格出售那些不然就会卖不出去票。,therefore“,所以,所以,”;otherwise“,不然,要不然,”;instead“,代替,而不是,”;however“,然而,”,。依据句意选,B,项。,18/32,-,19,-,1,.(,江苏卷,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs,death,smart-phones defeated,PCs in sales.,A.controversialB.contradictory,C.confidentialD.conventional,解析,句意,:,史蒂夫,乔布斯死后仅五年,智能手机在销量上就击败了传统个人电脑。,controversial“,有争议,”;contradictory“,矛盾,”;confidential“,秘密,”;conventional“,传统,”,。故选,D,项。,2,.(,江苏卷,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But,explanations are hard to find.,A.alternativeB.aggressive,C.ambiguousD.apparent,解析,句意,:,恐龙消失并不一定是由天文事件引发。不过极难找到其它解释。,alternative“,其它,替换,”;aggressive“,侵略,”;ambiguous“,含糊,”;apparent“,显而易见,”,。故选,A,项。,D,A,19/32,-,20,-,3,.(,天津南开区四模,2)As economy is declining,jobs,to the young continue to be scarce.,A.availableB.convenient,C.comfortableD.valuable,解析,句意:伴随经济衰退,可供年轻人选择工作依然很稀缺。,available,“,可供选择,”,与句意相符,故选,A,项。,convenient“,便利,”;comfortable“,舒适,”;valuable“,有价值,”,。,4,.(,天津红桥区上学期期中,6)Do you think Mr.Wang is a serious teacher?,Absolutely.He,tells jokes in his classes.,A.suddenlyB.occasionally,C.rarelyD.frequently,解析,句意,:,你认为王老师是个很严厉老师吗,?,确实是这么。他极少在班上开玩笑。由,Absolutely,及句意可知,此处应选,C,项,rarely“,极少地,罕见地,”,。,suddenly“,突然地,”;occasionally“,偶然地,”;frequently,“,频繁地,”,。,A,C,20/32,-,21,-,5,.(,天津红桥区上学期期中,10)A man,called Kidul,in Indonesia,has kept awake for over 40 years.,My God!How could he work or live a,life?,A.usualB.common,C.formalD.normal,解析,句意,:,在印度尼西亚,有一位叫,Kidul,男子连续四十年没有睡觉。,我天哪,!,他是怎么工作、怎么过正常生活啊,?normal,“,正常,”,与句意相符,故选,D,项。,usual“,通常,”;common“,普通,”;formal“,正式,”,。,D,21/32,-,22,-,6,.(,天津河西区三模,3)Considering the different demands of the students,the school has adopted a more,approach to education.,A.flexibleB.independent,C.responsibleD.considerate,解析,句意,:,考虑到学生不一样需求,这所学校已采取一个更为灵活教学方式。,flexible“,灵活,”,符合句意,故选,A,项。,independent“,独立,”;responsible“,有责任,”;considerate“,考虑周到,”,。,A,22/32,-,23,-,7,.(,天津河西区三模,9)Chemical pollution will bring about a threat to agriculture and food chain,and,to human health.,A.frequentlyB.significantly,C.steadilyD.consequently,解析,句意,:,化学污染会对农业和食物链造成威胁,因而危及人健康。,consequently“,结果,所以,”,符合句意,故选,D,项。,frequently“,频繁地,”;significantly“,显著地,”;steadily“,稳定地,”,。,8,.(,天津和平区学业水平考查模拟,9)The film is really boring.It was,I,ve ever seen.,A.most boring filmB.the more boring film,C.the film more boringD.the most boring film,解析,句意,:,这部电影真无聊。它是我看过最无聊电影。由,I,ve,ever,seen,可知此处应该用形容词最高级修饰名词,film,且最高级前应加定冠词,the,故选,D,项。,D,D,23/32,-,24,-,9,.(,天津和平区上学期期末,9)Mr.Black has made great achievements in science,but he remains,and never talks about them.,A.silentB.modest,C.calmD.active,解析,句意:布莱克先生已经取得了很大科学成就,不过他依然保持谦虚态度,从不提起这些成就。,modest“,谦虚,”,符合句意,故选,B,项。,silent“,缄默,”;calm“,镇静,”;active“,活泼,”,。,10,.(,天津和平区一模,14)They carry out,checks on milk products to make sure that they are of high quality.,A.commonB.natural,C.ordinaryD.regular,解析,句意,:,他们对奶产品进行定时检验,以确保其高质量。,regular,“,定时,”,与句意相符,故选,D,项。,common“,普通,;,共同,”;natural“,自然,”;ordinary“,普通,日常,”,。,B,D,24/32,-,25,-,11,.(,江苏卷,31)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most,statements of how,and on what basis,data are collected.,A.explicitB.ambiguous,C.originalD.arbitrary,解析,句意:他全方面调查已经为这些数据是怎样搜集、以及在什么基础上搜集提供了最明确说明。,explicit“,明确,”,与句意相符,故选,A,项。,ambiguous“,含糊,”;original,“,原始,”;arbitrary“,任意,”,。,12,.It was,of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.,A.carelessB.considerate,C.patientD.generous,解析,句意,:,迈克尔想得很周到,他通知我们他耽搁事情,以免我们担心。,considerate,“,考虑周详,体贴,”,故,B,项符合句意。,careless“,粗心,”;patient“,耐心,”;generous“,慷慨大方,”,。,A,B,25/32,-,26,-,13,.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.,A.comprehensiveB.complicated,C.consciousD.crucial,解析,句意:警方决定对这个案件进行一次彻底而又全方面审查。comprehensive“全方面,无所不包,详尽,”;complicated“,复杂,”;conscious,“,神志清醒,”;crucial“,至关主要,关键,”,。与,thorough,并列时,comprehensive,最符合句意。,14,.I,m so,to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.,A.specialB.superior,C.gratefulD.attractive,解析,句意,:,我非常感激那些志愿者们,因为他们让我那糟糕一天有了一个高兴结尾。,grateful“,心存感激,”;special“,尤其,”;superior,“,出众,”;attractive“,吸引人,”,C,项符合句意。,A,C,26/32,-,27,-,15,.Andy is content with the toy.It is,he has ever got.,A.a betterB.the better,C.a bestD.the best,解析,从he,has,ever,got,来判断,比较范围是三个或三个以上,所以应该用形容词最高级,而且形容词最高级前用定冠词,the,故选,D,项。句意,:,安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾经收到最好玩具了。,16,.The girl used to be shy,but is,getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.,A.graduallyB.usually,C.previouslyD.merely,解析,句意,:,这个女孩过去很腼腆,但现在逐步地主动参加集体活动,也更愿意表示自己了。,gradually“,逐步地,”;usually“,通常地,”;previously“,先前,事先,”;merely“,仅仅,”,。依据句意可知选,A,项。,D,A,27/32,-,28,-,17,.Did you enjoy yourself at the party?,Yes.I have never been to,one before.,A.a more excitedB.a more exciting,C.the most excitedD.the most exciting,解析,句意,:,你在晚会上玩得高兴吗,?,是。这是我参加过最令人兴奋晚会。,“a+,比较级,+,名词,”,意为,“,一个更,”,。这里比较级是否定词连用表示最高级。,18,.Fitness is important in sport,but of at least,importance are skills.,A.equalB.reasonable,C.fairD.proper,解析,句意,:,体格对运动来说很主要,不过技能最少也是一样主要。,equal“,相等,”;reasonable“,合理,”;fair“,公平,”;proper“,恰当,”,。,B,A,28/32,-,29,-,19,.The reason why her son is always thin is that he is,about what he eats.,A.curiousB.concerned,C.particularD.crazy,解析,句意,:,她儿子总是很瘦原因是他对吃饭很挑剔。be,curious,about“,对好奇,”;be,concerned,about,“,关心,”;be,particular,about,“,对挑剔,”;be,crazy,about“,热衷于,”,。,20,.The final score of the basketball match was 93-94.We were only,beaten.,A.nearlyB.slightly,C.narrowlyD.lightly,解析,句意,:,这场篮球赛最终比分是,93-94,。我们仅仅是惜败。,nearly“,几乎,”;slightly“,稍微地,”;narrowly“,勉强地,”;lightly“,轻轻地,”,。,C,C,29/32,-,30,-,21,.When a customer withdraws money from the bank,it is required to leave his signature.But how can we be sure it is,?,A.absoluteB.alternative,C.academicD.authentic,解析,句意,:,客户在银行取款时需要留下署名,但我们怎样能确信署名是真实,?absolute“,绝正确,”;alternative“,可供选择,”;academic“,学术,纯理论,”;authentic“,真实,”,。依据,but,转折可知,银行要求署名为是确认取钱人员可靠性,但我们无法确信留下署名是否,“,真实,”,。故,D,项正确。,D,30/32,-,31,-,22,.Do you have the time?,Yes.But my watch is not very,.,A.efficientB.temporary,C.properD.accurate,解析,句意:你知道几点钟了吗,?,是。但我表不是很精准。,efficient“,高效,”;temporary“,暂时,”;proper“,恰当,适当,”;accurate“,准确,准确,”,。依据句意选,D,项。,23,.You haven,t changed at allyou still look,the same as before.,A.actuallyB.hardly,C.properlyD.exactly,解析,句意,:,你根本没有变,看起来依然和以前一模一样。,actually“,实际上,”;hardly“,几乎不,简直不,”;properly“,适当地,”;exactly“,恰恰是,”,。依据句意选,D,项。,D,D,31/32,-,32,-,24,.My teacher speaks English well indeed,but of course not,a native speaker.,A.as fluent as,B.more fluent than,C.so fluently as,D.much fluently than,解析,句意,:,我老师英语说得确实好,但当然还是不如以英语为母语人讲得流利。因为修饰动词,speaks,故用副词,fluently;,又因是否定句,故用,not,so,.as,.,结构。,25,.According to the data from Robb,s studies,men produce slightly,speech.But no sex difference in the reading task was found.,A.clearestB.clear,C.clearlyD.clearer,解析,句意,:,罗伯研究数据表明,男性语言表示更清楚一些。不过在阅读任务中没有发觉性别方面差异。这里是在男性和女性之间进行比较,故用形容词比较级,clearer,做,speech,定语。,C,D,32/32,