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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 2,Cloning,1/50,4_,adj,.简单；直接；坦率,5_,v,t,.(undertook;undertaken)着手；从事；负担,关键单词,differ,different,difference,1 _,v,i,.不一样；相异_,adj,.不一样,_,n,不一样；差异,exact,exactly,2_,adj,.准确；准确_,ad,v,.精准地,3_,adj,.商业；贸易_,n,商,业；贸易,commercial,straightforward,commerce,undertake,2/50,6_,n,突破,breakthrough,7._,n,程序；步骤；手续,procedure,8_,v,i,.反对；不赞成_,n,不赞成；反对；,异议_,adj,.真实；客观；无偏见,object,9_,v,t,.取得；赢得,objection,objective,10._,v,t,.取得；抵达(水平、年纪、情况等),11_,adj,.道德(上)；伦理_,n,道德；,伦理,obtain,attain,moral,morality,12_,v,t,.(forbade，forbad;forbidden)禁止；不准,forbid,3/50,13_,v,t,.&,v,i,.积累；聚积_,n,积累；聚积,accumulate,accumulation,owe,14_,v,t,.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于,15_,v,i,.退休；离开_,n,退休,16._,v,t,.打搅,v,i,.操心,n,烦扰,retire,17_,n,假定；构想_,v,t,.假定；构想,18_,n,规则；规章；法规_,v,调整；,管理,retirement,bother,assumption,assume,19_,n,受人喜爱；流行_,adj,.,流行；受人欢迎,regulation,regulate,popularity,popular,4/50,strike,20_,v,t,.&,v,i,.(struck,struck)打；撞击；罢工,n,罢工,resist,resistance,resistant,adore,21_,v,t,.抵抗；反抗_,n,抵抗；反抗,_,adj,.抵抗,22_,v,t,.崇敬；喜爱；喜爱,23_,adj,.合情理；讲道理；公道,_,n,原因,reasonable,reason,5/50,常考短语,pay,cast,object,1_ off 得到,好结果；取得成功；偿清,2_ down 使失望；使沮丧,3_ to 反对,have,impact,favour,4_ a great _ on.对,有,很大影响,5in_ of 赞成；支持,6_.to.把,归功于,7(be)_ to(do).一定或注定(做),owe,bound,6/50,strike,heart,time,time,8_.into ones _ 使,刻骨铭心,9from _ to _ 不时；偶然,10_ back to _ 使复生；使复活,11in _ 白费劲气；枉费神机,12in good/poor _ 情况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏),bring,life,vain,condition,7/50,经典佳句,From,time,to,time,1 _ _ _ _ people suggest,that extinct animals like dinosaurs,can possibly be brought back to,life through cloning.人们时常,构想灭绝动物，比如恐龙，有可,能经过克隆技术使它们复活。,if,there,is,2 All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain _,_ _ _ _ _ in the group to,overcome illnesses.假如某,个动物群体没有足够多样性以战胜,疾病，那么克隆这种动物全部努力都将是无用。,not,3 Diversity in a group means having animals _,_ _ _ in different ways.群中多,样性指,是拥有基因排列方式不一样动物。,enough,diversity,with,their,genes,arranged,8/50,课文回顾,exact,uses,valuable,Cloning is a way of making an 1._(exactly)copy of,another animal or plant.Cloning has two major 2_(use),Firstly,gardeners use it to produce plants.Secondly,it is,3._(value)for medical research on animals.Cloning plants,is,straightforward,4._,cloning,animals,is,more,complicated.The procedure is difficult 5._(undertake),In 1996,scientists succeeded in 6._(clone)the sheep,while,to undertake,cloning,9/50,that,objections,forbade,or,Dolly.Then came the disturbing news 7._ Dolly was ill.,Altogether Dolly lived for six years.Dollys appearance raised a,storm of 8._(object)Governments became nervous,and many 9._ (forbid)research into human cloning.,Scientists still wonder whether cloning will help 10._ harm,us and where it is leading us to.,10/50,单句语法填空,1_(retire)from business,he now occupies,himself with his garden.,2His efforts to raise money for his program were _,vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their,pockets.,Having retired,in,taking,3 The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna,cannot resist _(take)a close look at them,although she,cannot afford them at present.,11/50,4(,年浙江卷,语法填空,)But somethin,g made her look,closer，and she noticed a _(shine)object.,5I think it is her personality rather than her looks _,has struck me.,shiny/shining,that,could have obtained,6 Honey,look at your mistake in spelling this word,or you,_(obtain)full marks in this exam.,7Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would,have done and strongly objected to _(call)a hero.,8 Equipped with modern facilities,todays libraries differ,greatly _ those of the past.,being called,from,12/50,9 Jackie Chan enjoys great _(popular)in both,Hong Kong and Inland.,popularity,different,10(,年新课标,卷,阅读了解,D)They pump out,perfume,s designed to attract _(differ)insects who are,natural enemies to the attackers.,13/50,1,differ,v,i,.,不一样；相异,differ from 不一样于；与,有区分,differ in 在,方面不一样,differ with 与,意见不一致,make a/some/no difference 有/有些/没有作用或影响,【名师指津】,differ 强调二者区分：vary 强调在一定范围内改变；,diversify 强调各种多样。,14/50,with,in,from,to,利用,用适当介词填空,(1)The two brothers differed _ each other _,politics.,(2)The story he told the police differed _ the one he,told his mother.,(3)What you have told me may make a difference _,my own position.,15/50,2,object,v,i,.,反对；不赞成,object to sth./doing sth.反对某事/做某事,objection,n,不赞成；反对；异议,be open to objection 有可争议之处；有不合理之处,make/have an objection to/against.反对,feel objection to doing sth.反对做某事,【一句多译】,我观点是，反对停车收费。,As far as Im concerned,I have an objection to charging for,parking.,16/50,In my opinion,I object to charging for parking.,In my view,I am opposed to charging for parking.,From my point of view,Im against charging for parking.,利用,单句语法填空,(1)I object to _(waste)money on useless things.,(2)The issue proposed by him is open to _(object),(3)We object to _(blame)for something that,wasting,objection,we havent done.,being blamed,17/50,3,owe,v,t,.,欠,(,账、钱、人情等,),；归功于,owe sb.sth.owe,sth.to sb.欠某人某物,owe sb.an apology 该向某人道歉,owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个情,owe it to sb.that.多亏某人,owe.to.把,归功于,owe sb.for.因,而欠某人(),owing to 因为；因为,【名,师指津】,假如 owe 宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用 it,做形式宾,语，将充当真正宾语动词不定式或名词性从句放在,句尾。,18/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)He owes his success more _ luck than _,ability.,to,to,to,it,to,(2)I owe a lot _ my wife and children.,(3)He owed _ to his teachers that he could be,admitted to a key university.,(4)Owing _ my lack of experience,I didnt do the,work well.,19/50,4,bother,v,t,.,打搅,v,i,.,操心,n,烦扰,bother with/about 为,而烦恼；因,而操心,bother to do/doing 费神做,【写作佳句】,bother 作,“,麻烦；困难,”,讲时，是不可数名词；作,“,令人,烦恼事物；,讨厌人,”,讲,时，是单数可数名词。,辨析,bother,disturb,trouble,和,annoy,(1)bother 指干扰他人正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，,可能是有意，含有使人讨厌意味。,(2)disturb 指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不,能集中，语气比 bother 弱。,20/50,(3)trouble 常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或在行,动上带来不便，也惯用于礼貌请求。,(4)annoy 通常指重复性行为使(他人)生气，惯用于被动，,to say,about/with,表示为某事烦恼、生气。,利用,单句语法填空,(1)He didnt even bother _(say)thank you.,(2)Dont bother your father _ it now；hes,very tired.,is bothering,trouble,(3)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk,over what _(bother)them.,(4)Im sorry to _(trouble)you.,21/50,5,resist,v,t,.,抵抗；反抗,cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住做某事,resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事,be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝,be resistant to 对,有抵抗力,【写作佳句】,I found the temptation to sleep in too hard to resist.我抵挡不,住睡懒觉诱惑。,22/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The children always resist _ (go)to bed on,Christmas Eve.,to,playing,(2)The new product is resistant _ high temperature,and heat.,(3)The child couldnt resist _ (play)computer,games.,going,23/50,1,pay off,得到,好结果；取得成功；偿清,pay for 为,付款；为,付出代价,pay back 偿还(欠款)；回报,pay out 付出,pay the bill 付账单,get paid 取得酬劳,【名师指津】,pay off 表示,“,得到好结果；有回报”时是不及物动词词,组，其后不接宾语；表示,“,偿清,”,时是及物动词词组。,24/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The doctors efforts paid _ when he saw the patient,open his eyes.,off,for,back,paid,(2)Hell have to pay _ what he has done.,(3)That I can pay _ the help people give me makes,me happy.,(4)I get _ (pay)for piecework,not on a monthly,wage.,25/50,2,in favour of,赞成,；支持,in sb.s favour 对某人有利；得某人欢心,do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠；帮某人忙,【写作佳句】,Those in favour of this proposal demanded to be highly paid.,支持这个提议那些人要求增加工资。,26/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)Lu Xun abandoned health care _ favour of,literature in the 1920s.,in,a,to pick,(2)Do me _ favour and turn off the radio.,(3)Could you do me the favour _(pick)up Sam,from school today?,27/50,3,(be)bound to(do).,.,一定或注定,(,做,),be bound to sth.被束缚于/被绑,在某物上,be bound(for.)准备(去,),be bound up in 热心于；忙于,be bound up with 与,有亲密关系,【写作佳句】,I am bound to say I disagree with you on this point.我以为有,必要指出，在这点上我与你意见不一致。,28/50,(2)She is bound up _ her homework.,(3)His future is bound up _ that of the company.,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The new discovery is bound _(be)of great service,to mankind.,to be,in,with,29/50,4,in good/poor condition,情况很好,(,坏,),；情况很好,(,坏,),out of condition,健康情况欠佳,working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境,on condition that.在,条件下；倘若,on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装,语序),【写作佳句】,Before the college entrance examination，all of us should,adjust ourselves to being in good condition.高考前，我们每个人应,把自己调整到最好状态。,30/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The car has been well maintained and is _ good,condition.,(2)No one pay attention to their working _,(condition),in,conditions,on,should,(3)You can keep the books for about 3 weeks _,condition that you preserve them well.,(4)On no condition _ you lose heart when you are,in trouble.,31/50,原句,1,The fact that she seemed to develop normally was,very encouraging.她(多莉羊)看来是在正常地成长着，这很鼓舞,人心。,“that she seemed to develop normally”是一个同位语从句，做,the fact 同位语。同位语从句普通由 that 引导，常放在 fact，,truth,news,information,idea,thought,hope,suggestion,advice,reply,remark,report 等名词后面，说明该名词详细内容。,注意：,当先行词是,problem,question,或当主句是表示疑问,或否定意思时，连接词要用,whether,或其它疑问代词或疑问,副词。,32/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The idea _ schools cancel sport activities is very,discouraging,which,in my opinion,is not a good way to prevent,students from getting hurt.,that,that,whether,(2)The old saying _ honesty is the best policy is well,known to everyone,which signifies the importance of honesty.,(3)The question _ we should continue to do the,experiment has not been answered yet.,33/50,原句,2,Could it be solved if corrections were made in their,research procedure？假如改进研究程序，问题会不会处理呢？,本句为虚拟语气在非真实条件句中使用方法。在非真实条件,句中虚拟语气中，假如表示与现在事实相反假设，用动词,过 去 式(be 动 词 一 般 用 were)，主 句 则 用 would/could/,should/might动词原形；与过去事实相反假设，用 had过,去分词，主句则用 would/could/should/mighthave过去分词；,与未来事实相反假设，可用动词过去式，were to动词原,形或者 should动词原形，主句则用 would/could/should/might,动词原形。,34/50,利用,单句语法填空,(1)If I _(be)you,I should go and see the dentist at,once.,were,would lend,(2)If the sun were to rise in the west,I _(lend),you the money.,35/50,原句,3,The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of,these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the,ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是假如发,生了某种新疾病，这类动物中一些可能会死掉，不过另外,一些却能存活下来，而且把这种免疫力传给下一代。,The advantage/disadvantage of.is that.,优点/不足,是,The drawback of.is that.,缺点是,The problem of.is that.,问题是,The chance is that.有可能,36/50,利用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)因为我们队余下比赛不太难，所以我们队在结束时有,可能名列前茅。,The,chance,is,that,_ _ _ _ our team will finish,at the top,as our remaining matches arent too difficult.,(2)汽车普及缺点是它带来了严重空气污染。,_ _ of the popularity of cars _,_ it brings about so much air pollution.,The,drawback,is,that,37/50,The,advantage,of,is,that,(3)住在你所就读大学宿舍里优势在于假如你有问题,能够得到帮助。,_,_,_,using,your,university,accommodation _ _ you can get support if you,have a problem.,38/50,concern,differ,in,benefit,cures,利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来,Nowadays,the biotechnology of cloning has given rise to,widespread 1._ (concerned)and controversy；peoples,opinions 2 _(different)widely as to that.Those who are,3._ favour of cloning claim that human beings may,4._(beneficial)from it basing on the facts that it can be,used to produce 5._(cure)for serious illnesses in humans,39/50,endangered,a,with,strongly,to forbid,and plants of similar quality for sales and to help save 6._,(endanger)animals as well.While others firmly hold cloning will,induce 7._ series of problems.For example,animal clones,may develop the illnesses of older animals to die younger than the,donators and some evil leaders may want to clone themselves,8._ the aid of the technology of cloning.Personally,I am,9._ (strong)opposed to human cloning and the,government should introduce laws 10._(forbid)it before,it is too late.,40/50,短文改错,(,四,),短文改错之形容词与副词,7,形容词与副词,形容词、副词误用主要指在该用形容词地方错用了副,词，该用副词地方错用了形容词。改错中出现形容词或副词,时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是,原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误用是常考改错项,目之一。,41/50,对于形容词和副词考查，需注意以下几点：,(1)做定语、表语、补语，用形容词。,(2)做状语，修饰动词、形容词、全句，用副词。,(3)注意比较级与最高级比较对象或范围；单音节形容词,比较级前，不可再加 more。,(4)注 意 many,much,(a)few,(a)little,very,so,never,ever,hardly 等修饰词使用方法。,42/50,常见形容词与副词类错误：,(1)形容词、副词错用,【例】,(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)Lots of studies,have,shown that global warming has already become a very seriously,problem.,解析：,seriouslyserious,。名词前应该用形容词做定语,。故,seriously,应改为,serious。,43/50,(2)形容词、副词或名词词性混同,【例】,(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)I enjoyed studyi,ng,difference kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music,and.,解析：,differencedifferent,。修饰名词,kinds 应用形容词。,故,difference,应改为,different。,44/50,(3)修饰词错用或多出,【例】,(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)Much rare anima,ls are,dying out.,解析：,MuchMany,。,animals,为可数名词复数形式，所以,应用,many,修饰，,much,只能修饰不可数名词。故将,Much 改为,Many。,45/50,(4)比较等级误用,【例】,(,年陕西卷,短文改错,)My mom makes,the better,biscuits in the world,so I decided to ask her for help.,解析：,betterbest,。由该句中,“in the world”,以及前面,the,可知此处应该用形容词最高级。故,better,应改为,best。,46/50,(5)分词化形容词混用,【例】,(,年浙江卷,短文改错,)It was both excite,d and,frightening to be up there!,解析：,excitedexciting,。本句主语是形式主语,it，真正,主语是“to be,up there”,，主语是物时候，表语应该用现在分词,形式形容词。故,excited,应改为,exciting。,47/50,(1)(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)It was a relief,and I came,to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.,_,(2)(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)My uncle tells,me that the,key to his success is honest.,_,(3)(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)I was so much n,ervous that,I could hardly tell which direction was left.,_,48/50,(4)(,年新课标,卷,短文改错,)They often get u,p earlier,and water the vegetables together.,_,(5)Gradually,I became interesting in biology and chose to,learn biology when I entered the college.,_,答案解析：,(1)suddenlysudden。修饰名词应用形容词。故将 suddenly,改为 sudden。,(2)honesthonesty。句意：我叔叔告诉我他成功关键是,诚信。这里应是名词做表语，故把 honest 改为 honesty。,49/50,(3)去掉 much。形容词 nervous 前面有 so 修饰，与后面,that 形成 so.that.结构，much 多出，故去掉。,(4)earlierearly。earlier 是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词短,语 get up,故将 earlier 改为 early。,(5)interestinginterested。be interested in 对,感兴趣，为,固定搭配。故 interesting 应改为 interested。,50/50,
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