新视野大学英语4unit3-Longing-for-a-New--Welfare-Systemsec.pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Unit 3,Longing for a New Welfare System,1.,When you are sick,you may go to the school,clinic.How much do you need to pay for your,medical expenses?,Tips:,You just need to pay 10%of your medicine,bills.,Pre-reading Activities,I.Social Welfare,2.Why just 10%?Who pays the rest for you?,Its a part of the social welfare system.,The government pays the rest for you.,Tips:,Pre-reading Activities,Public assistance programs,commonly called“welfare”,provide cash or benefits for particular categories of the financially needy.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,The U.S.welfare system operates on both the federal and state levels.The federal welfare program is known as Social Security,政府旳公共福利计划,that provides benefits or assistance for child care,disability,food and medical assistance.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,The state welfare programs,on the other hand,provide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,Which person is more likely to get welfare assistance?Why?,Pre-reading Activities,a rubbish picker,78 years old,no living partner,no children,a teenage worker,15 years old,parents died,working in a small coal mine,a child beggar,7 years old,no chance to go to school,a three-year-old child,severely ill,no money for medical treatment,Pre-reading Activities,II.Words Related to Welfare,Pre-reading Activities,welfare client,Caseworkers,donation,financial aid,insurance,pension,dependence,handicapped,reliance,unemployment,medical assistance,III.Spot Dictation,Pre-reading Activities,Directions,:,You will hear a passage.It will be,read twice.Listen carefully and supply the missing words.,Pre-reading Activities,Cuts in welfare payments have left many clients so poor that they cannot _ or _,_.Many would describe their diet as being at the same level as a _.As a result most _ the system.Gifts from friends and relatives _,money from pension is _ and the rent is _.Anything for a few more dollars.Of course the caseworkers know these things occur.Rather than helping their clients,caseworkers _ and are inclined to give out lectures when any help is asked for,which is a natural consequence of thinking _ every day.,afford to eat properly,to have,a decent standard of living,household pet,cheat,are not declared,understated,exaggerated,expect them to bow down to them,they are being lied to,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,Text Understanding,The passage explores,the problems of the present welfare system,first and then expresses the desire,to have a new system.,According to the author,a disabled person with spinal cord injuries,脊椎损伤,he is forced to account for every penny while enduring lectures by the caseworkers.,Main idea of the text?,It is hard to have his wheelchair repaired and even harder to make a gradual shift away from welfare.That is why he longs for a new system under which the disabled like him can earn part or all of their own livings.,How is the text organized?,The passage is composed of three parts:,1.How people behave under the present,welfare system.,2.what the problems are with it.,3.what solutions should be applied to the,problems,.,Text Understanding,Part One,Paras.1-3,Part Two,Paras.4-14,Part Three,Paras.15-17,On one hand,most welfare clients,cheat,the system for more money.Are there any examples here?,(Para.1),Problem 1:,Clients are forced to report anything new to caseworkers.Is there any example here?,(Paras.4-8),Problem 2:,It is,difficult,for clients to have their wheel-chairs repaired.Is there any example here?,(Paras.9-12),Solution 1:,There,needs,to be,a lawyer,to protect the rights of clients.Example?,(Para.15),Solution 2:,The welfare system should,help those,who are to earn their own livings.How?,(Para.16),Problem 3:,If clients make money,as the authors own experience reveals,they,have to account for,every penny.,(Para.13),Current situation describing,Problems with the system,Solutions to the problems,Problem 4:,The law does not encourage clients to,make a gradual shift,away from welfare.Evidence?,(Para.14),Solution 3:,A,new system,is needed to encourage clients to develop their talents without guilt.,(Para.17),All the same,some,like me have opted to,live a life of honesty,.Are there any examples here?,(Para.2),On the other,welfare,case-workers,like detectives,expect every client to beg,.Why?,(Para.3),Text Understanding,Text Understanding,Q,and,A,about the text:,Retell the Procedure to Ask for Wheelchair Repairs,case worker,medical worker,wheelchair repair company,main welfare office,the handicapped client,Whats your conclusion?,Its very difficult for welfare clients to ask for extra financial help.,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,Language Points,to long for,(Title),经过数年战争后，人们都期望和平。,People longed for peace after many years of war.,Example,have a desire for;want very much,The children,are longing for,the holidays.,A welfare client,is supposed to,1,cheat.Everybody expects it.Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat,many people in wheelchairs I know,bleed,2,the,system for a few extra dollars.They tell the government that they are getting two hundred dollars less than their real pension so they can get a little extra welfare money.Or,they tell the caseworker that the landlord raised the rent by a hundred dollars,.,1)be generally believed or expected to be or do,Shes supposed to,have five hundred pairs of shoes.,据信,她有500双鞋。,Its supposed to be a great movie.,据说,这部电影不错。,be supposed to:,2)be expected or required to do or be sth.,according to a rule,a custom,an arrangement,etc.,Youre supposed to,buy a ticket,though not,many people do.,尽管没有多少人买票，但你,应该,买。,Youre supposed to,ask the teacher if you,want to leave the classroom.,假如你要离开教室，,得,跟老师说。,返回,bleed,2.Hed been wounded in the arm and was bleeding heavily.,Example,a.,force sb.to pay a lot of money,b.,lose blood,1.The west is bleeding poorer countries dry through interest payments on their debts.,西方正经过债务利息,榨干,贫穷国家旳财富。,向榨取,I have,opted to live,a life of complete honesty.So instead,I go out and,drum up,some business and draw cartoons.I even tell welfare how much I make!Oh,Im tempted to get paid,under the table,.But even if I,yielded to,that temptation,big magazines are not going to get involved in some,sticky,situation.They keep my records,and that information goes right into the governments computer.Very high-profile.,opt to do sth.,What do you opt to do after you graduate from University?,Example,choose to do sth.,返回,to drum up,During the season of Christmas each year,traders use their own unique tricks to drum up their business.,每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意。,Example,try hard to get support,customers,business,etc.,竭力求取(支持);兜揽(生意),They were unable,to drum up,enthusiasm for the new policies.,他们未能,激起,人们对新政策旳热情,返回,Im tempted to get paid,under the table,.,But even if I,yielded to,that temptation,big magazines are not going to,get involved in some sticky situation,.,(L.8),Meaning:,I feel a desire to be paid,without being known to others,.,But even if I,couldnt resist,that temptation and wanted to be paid under the table,big magazines I am working for wont agree to,get themselves into trouble,by telling lies for my sake.,Language Points,under the table,They were charged with taking,money under the table.,Example,in a secret way,返回,yield to:,stop resisting sth.,I,yielded to,an impulse.,我听凭一时旳冲动行事了。,The government refused to,yield to,the hostage takers demand.,政府拒绝,答应,人质挟持者旳,要求,。,返回,Language Points,sticky,2.Her hands were sticky from the ice cream.,1.a sticky problem/situation,Example,a.difficult or unpleasant,b.covered in a substance that sticks,to things that touch it,c.(of the weather)hot and damp,3.a sticky,humid afternoon,一种又热又潮旳下午,棘手旳,黏旳,返回,As a welfare client Im expected to bow before the caseworker.Deep down,caseworkers know that they are being,made fools of,by many of their clients,and they feel they,are entitled to,have clients bow to them as compensation.Im not being bitter.Most caseworkers begin as college-educated,liberals,with high ideals.But after a few years in a system that practically requires people to lie,they become like the one I shall call Suzanne,a detective in shorts.,Language Points,make a fool of sb.,make a fool of oneself,Your brother is making a fool of you.,Example,trick sb.into behaving foolishly,He was drinking and making a fool of,himself,.,他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。,愚弄，欺骗,出洋相,返回,Language Points,to be entitled to(do)sth.,1.Everyone is entitled to(air)his own opinion.,Example,have the right to have or do sth.,2.This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class.,对享有权利；有权做某事,返回,Language Points,liberal,(L.14),2.Her parents are very liberal and allow,her a lot of freedom.,1.He liked to think of himself as a liberal.,Example,n.,开明旳人,a.open to new ideas,a.generous,3.She is very liberal with her money.,返回,Not long after Christmas last year,Suzanne came to inspect my apartment and saw some new posters pasted on the wall.Whered you get the money for those?she wanted to know.,Friends and family.,Well,youd better have a receipt for it,by God.You have to report any donations or gifts.,This was my cue to beg.Instead,I talked back.I got a cigarette from somebody on the street the other day.Do I have to report that?,Well Im sorry,but I dont make the rules,Mr.Callahan.,Suzanne tries to,lecture me about,repairs to my wheelchair,which is always breaking down because welfare wont spend the money maintaining it properly.You know,Mr.Callahan,Ive heard that,you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average,.,Language Points,to lecture sb.about sth.,Hes always lecturing me about the way I dress.,他总说我穿着不得体。,Example,就某事训斥某人,返回,Ive heard that,you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average,.(L.31),Meaning:Ive heard that,you use your wheelchair more often than the average clients do,.No wonder thats why your wheelchair is always breaking down.,Language Points,返回,Of course I do.Im an active worker,not a vegetable.I live near downtown,so I can get around in a wheelchair.I wonder what shed think if she suddenly broke her hip and had to crawl to work.,Government cuts in welfare have resulted in hunger and suffering for a lot of people,not just me.But people with spinal cord injuries felt the cuts in a unique way:The government stopped taking care of our chairs.Each time mine broke down,lost a screw,needed a new roller bearing,the brake wouldnt work,etc.,and I called Suzanne,I had to endure a little lecture.Finally,shed say,Well,if I can find time today,Ill call the medical worker.,She was supposed to notify the medical worker,who would certify that there was a problem.Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the cheapest bid.Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare office at the state capital.They considered the matter for days while I lay in bed,unable to move.Finally,if I was lucky,they called back and approved the repair.,When welfare learned I was making money on my cartoons,Suzanne started visiting every fortnight instead of every two months.She looked into every corner in search of unreported appliances,or maids,or a roast pig in the oven,or a new helicopter parked out back.She never found anything,but there was always a thick pile of forms to fill out at the end of each visit,accounting for every penny.,There is no provision in the law for a,gradual shift away from welfare.,I am an independent businessman,slowly building up my market.Its impossible to jump off welfare and suddenly be making two thousand dollars a month.But I would love to be able to pay for some of my living and not have to go through an embarrassing situation every time I need a spare part for my wheelchair.,There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients,because the system so easily,lends itself to,abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients.Welfare sent Suzanne to look around in my apartment the other day because the chemist said I was using a larger than usual amount of medical supplies.I was,indeed:the hole that has been surgically cut to drain urine had changed size and the connection to my urine bag was leaking.,There is no provision,in the law for,a gradual shift away from,welfare.,(Para.14),Meaning:There is not an item of law,to encourage welfare clients to be gradually independent,of the welfare system.,逐渐脱离福利照顾,Language Points,返回,Language Points,to lend oneself to,(L.56),Some problems do not lend themselves to financial solutions.,Example,be easily used for a particular activity or result,合适于；有利于,Her voice doesnt lend itself well to blues.,返回,While she was taking notes,my phone rang and Suzanne answered it.The caller was a state senator,which scared Suzanne a little.Would I sit on the governors committee and try to do something about the thousands of welfare clients who,like me,could earn part or all of their own livings if they were allowed to do so,one step at a time?,Hell,yes,I would!Someday people like me will thrive under a new system that will encourage them,not seek to,convict them of cheating,.They will be free to develop their talents without guilt or fear or just hold a good,steady job.,Language Points,to convict sb.of doing sth.wrong,(L.66),We have no right to order him to leave school unless there is enough evidence to convict him of cheating in the exam.,我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够旳证据证明他考试作弊。,Example,declare guilty,宣判有罪；使服罪,Compare:accuse sb.of；charge sb.with,I dont think that politician can,drum up,much support with all his speeches.,There were a few,sticky,moments during the meeting.,The government is trying to keep,a low profile,on this issue.,Being unemployed,entitles you to,free medical treatment.,得到,僵局,低调,使你有权,Language Points,I hereby,certify,that the above information is true and accurate.,An anonymous letter,alerted,police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.,You must,be alert to,possible dangers.,There seems to be an electrical problem.Ill get someone to,look into,it.,证明,向报警,警惕,检验,Language Points,How do you,account for,this sudden disappearance of all the money?,Some novels quite readily,lend themselves,to,adaptation as plays;others do not.,The jury,convicted,the accused man,of,theft.,There wasnt enough evidence to,convict,him.,解释,适合,宣判有罪,证明有罪,Language Points,You are legally entitled to take faulty goods back to the store where you purchased them,but you are supposed to account for why you want to do so.,1.,从法律上说,，你,完全能够,将质量但是关旳商品退还给那家商店，但是应该,解释清楚,为何。,to be entitled to do,legally,to account for,Translation,You only need to fill out a form to get your membership,which entitles you to a discount on goods.,2.,你只需,填写一张表格,就取得了会员资格，它能够,使你在买东西时享有打折旳优惠,。,to fill out a form,to entitle you to a discount on goods,Translation,3.,一年前,那位汽车经销商,(deale