必修4Unit1Grammar.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Agreement,主谓一致的基本用法,My friend,_in Boston.,(live,lives),My friends,_in Boston.,动词单数,动词复数,lives,live,My brother and sister _ in,Boston.(live;lives),live,两个或更多由,and,连接,的主语动词用复数形式,Every man,woman and child,_ love.,(needs,need),needs,Every,，,each,总是直接跟单数,名词。即使在两个或更多的,由,and,连接的名词，动词仍用单数形式。,Everyand(every),each and(each,no and(no),many a and(many a),连接单数名词作主语,谓语仍用单数。,Each desk and(each)chair,is,made of wood.,Many a boy and girl,has,made the same mistake,.,Some of the books _ good.,Two-thirds of the money _ mine.,are,is,分数、百分数,修饰的名词，动词的单复数取决于,名词,zx xk,The rest of the students,are,going to attend the lecture.,Eight hours of sleep _ enough.,is,表达时间、金钱、距离的短语，当作一个整体,zx xk,通常接动词的单数形式。,Ten dollars _ too much to pay.,Five thousand miles,_,too far,to travel.,is,is,Growing flowers _ her hobby.,is,动名词、不定式作主语,接动词的单数形式。,None of the boys _ here.,is/are,带,None of,neither of,的主语经常看作单数，但可接动词复数形式。,Either the boy or his parents _ going to talk with the teacher.(be),就近原则：,or;eitheror;neithernor;not only but also,are,There _ a book on the shelf.,There _ some books on the,shelf.,zx xk,is,are,there be,句型中，谓语由邻近的名词决定,1.A with B,along with,A together with B,A as well as B,2.rather than,but,3.except,besides,in addition to,4.including,The news _ interesting.,is,有些以,-s,结尾的名词是单数。如：,国家,the United States,the Philippines,the United Nations,科目,mathematics,physics,Those people _ from Canada.,are,people,police,，,cattle,是复数名词，接动词复数形式。,Peoples,指民族。,The police,have,been called.,English _ spoken in many countries.,The English _(drink)tea.,is,某些名词既可指语言，又可指人民,drink,Spanish,Chinese,Japanese,Vietnamese,Portuguese,French,The poor _(have)many,problems.,have,The+adj,指一类人,作复数名词。,the rich,the young,the old,the living,the dead,the blind,the deaf,the handicapped,My family_ large.,It,is composed of,nine members.,My family _ loving and supportive.,They,are always ready to help me.,is,集合名词指整体时，用作单数,;,指其中的人时，作复数。,are,audience couple family class group team,public government crowd,staff(,全体职员）,committee,faculty(,大学全体教师）,The government,is,planning many,changes.,The government,are,planning many,changes.,当集合名词指个体组成的集合时，动词,可用单数，也可用复数。,My family is/are loving and supportive.,英国英语常用复数，美国英语喜欢用,动词单数形式。,Subject-Verb Agreement,主谓一致的三个原则,:,语法一致、就近一致、意义一致,Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:,1.-Each of the students,working,hard at his or her lessons,_,to go to university.,-So do I.,A.hope B.hopes,C.hoping D.hoped,2.The number of people invited,_ fifty,but a number of them,_ absent for different reasons.,A.were;was B.was;was,C.was;were D.were;were,3.Alice,together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule.,A.was punished B.punished,C.were punished D.being punished,4.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important part in daily,communication.,A.is playing B.have played,C.are playing D.play,5.Mary as well as his sisters,_ Chinese in China.,A.are studying,B.have studied,C.studies,D.study,6.All but one _ here just now.,A.is B.was,C.has been,D.were,当主语后有,as well as,together with,like,but,rather thanexcept,including,等引导的词组时，谓语的单复数由前面主语决定,7.Every boy and every girl _,to attend the evening party.,A.wish B.wishes,C.is like D.like,8.Over 80 percent of the population,of China _ peasants.,A.was B.is,C.would be D.are,9.Every means _ tried but,without any result.,A.have been B.is to be,C.are to be D.has been,10.The rich _ not always happy.,A.are B.is,C.has D.have,11.The great writer and professor,_.,A.is an old man,B.are both old men,C.is an old man and a young man,D.were two Chinese,*The great and the great professor,12.There _ a pen,two pencils,and three books on the desk.,A.are B.is C.has D.have,13.The Arabian Nights _,well known to the English.,A.is B.are C.was D.were,14.A chemical works _ built,there.,A.is to being,B.have been,C.were to,D.has been,15.Many a man _ come to,help us.,A.have B.has,C.is D.are,many a,more than one,修饰名词，意义,上是复数，谓语仍用单数。,16.“All _ present and all_,going on well,”said our monitor.,A.is,is B.are,are,C.are,is D.is,are,All,指人，用复数动词；,all,指物，,用单数动词。,17.This pair of trousers _ too,long for him.,A.is B.be,C.are D.were,glasses,scales(,天平）,scissors,前,有,a pair of,谓语用单数。,18.When and where to build the,new factory _ yet.,A.has not decided,B.is not decided,C.are not decided,D.have not decided,单一概念,19.Going to bed early and getting,up early _ a good habit.,A.is B.are,C.be D.were,Going to bed early and getting up,early,早睡早起表示的是单一概念,What I am reading _ the famous novel written by Mark Twain.(be),is,20.What we need _ good,textbooks.,A.is B.are,C.have D.has,由,what,引导的主语从句，谓语动词,通常用单数；但所指的内容是复数,意义时，用复数,21.Both rice and wheat _,grown in that country.,A.is B.are C.was D.has,1,Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,2,Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,3,Not the teacher,，,but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,4,Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday,A,was B,were,C,has been D,have been,5,A woman with some children _ soon,A,is coming B,are coming,C,has come D,have come,6,No one except my parents _ anything about this,。,A,know B,knows,C,is known D,are known,7,The teacher as well as the students _ the book already,A,has read B,have read,C,are reading D,is reading,8,All but one _ in the accident,A,was killed B,were killed,C,will be killed D,are killed,