定语从句35.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,专题复习之,定语从句,1,、关系代词用法。,2,、关系副词用法。,3,、介词,+,关系代词用法。,4,、其它特殊复杂情况。,1,、定语从句的几个基本概念,A,、,在复合句中作定语，修饰,名词或代词,的从句叫,定语从句,。,B,、,在,定于从,句中,，被从句,修饰,的,名词或代词,叫,先行词,。,C,、引导定语从句的引导词叫,关系词,。,关系词分为：,关系代词和关系副词,。,一、关系代词的用法,引导定语从句的常见关系代词有,that,，,which,who,whom,whose,和,as,（一）基本用法,根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。,各个关系代词具体用法如下表：,关系词,先行词,成分,例句,备注,关系代词,who,人,主语,宾语,Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?,whom,which,和,that,在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用,that,whom,人,宾语,Mr.Smith is the person with whom I am working,The boy(whom)she loved died in the war.,whose,人,或,物,定语,I like those books whose topics are about history.,The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.,关系词,先行词,成分,例句,备注,关系代词,that,人,或,物,主语,宾语,A plane is a machine that can fly.,She is the pop star(that)I want to see very much.,which,物,主语,宾语,The book(which)I gave you was worth$10.,The picture which was about the accident was terrible.,as,人或,物,主语,宾语,He is such a person as is respected by all of us.,This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.,as,做宾语一般不省略,Do you know the professor,who/that,will give us a speech next week,?,I read a report about his new novel,that/which,will soon be published.,The plan,that/which,they argued about,was settled at last.,This is the new secretary,(,who/whom/that,),I would like to introduce to you,.,The soldier,whose,legs were badly wounded,was operated on without delay.,注意：,关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。,（,二）关系代词,that,代替,which,的一些情况,which,that,在代替物时，一般可以通用。,但在有些情况下，只用,that,。,1,、先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。,例如：,This is the best,that,has been used against pollution,.,English is the most difficult subject,that,you will learn during these years,.,先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。,例如：,This is the last place,(that),I want to visit,.,It is the first American movie of this kind,that,I,ve ever seen,.,先行词是,all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,等代词时。,例如：,You should hand in all,that,you have,.,We haven,t got much,that,we can offer you,.,先行词前面有,the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all,much,every,等修饰时。,例如：,The only thing,that,we can do,is to give you some money.,The little money(,that,)he had,was stolen.,（,5,）,先行词既有人又有物时,。,例如：,Do you know the things and persons,that,they are talking about,?,The bike and its rider,that,had run over an old man,were taken to the police station.,（,6,）,主句已有疑问词,who,或,which,时,。,例如：,Which,is the bike,that,you lost,?,Who,is the woman,that,was praised at the meeting,?,（三）宜用,who,而不用,that,的一些情况,先行词是,one,ones,anyone,时。,例如：,One,who,has nothing to fear for oneself,dares to tell the truth.,Don,t tell anyone about the news,who,oughtn,t to know it,.,先行词是,those,指人时。,例如：,Those,who,were not fit for their work,could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.,（,四,）与,whose,有关的问题,whose,是代词的所有格，,它既可以代人也可以代物,。,例如：,I saw a woman,whose,bag was stolen,.,Please show me the book,whose,cover is red,.,当,whose,表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用,of which,的形式。,例如：,The building,whose,roof you can see from here,is a new restaurant.,The building,the roof,of which,you can see from here,is a new restaurant.,四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致,关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，,从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致,。,Who is,the guy,that,is reading,over there?,The number of,people,that,are going to,the exhibition,is expected to be over 25,000.,All,that,needs,to be done,has been done.,He is one of the,students,who,use,computer a lot for study,.,Timmy is,the only one of the pupils,that,has failed,the exam,.,例中的,all,意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。,五、,as,引导定语从句的用法,在下列情况下通常用,as,引导定语从句,（,1,）当指人或物的先行词,被,such,或,the same,修饰，常用,as,引导定语从句。,（,2,）,as,也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于,which,，但,as,有,“,正如,”,之意例如：,The elephant,s nose is like a snake,as anybody can see.,（,3,）,the same,that,与,the same,as,在意思上是不同的,。,This is,the same,pen,that,I lost yesterday.,This is,the same,pen,as,I lost yesterday.,（,4,）引导非限制性定语从句，置于主句前面时。,As is expected,the England team won the football match.,The earth runs around the sun,as is known by everyone.,1,The color of red,_meaning is good luck and happiness,is important in Chinese culture.,2,She decided not to take a picnic with me,_ made me really disappointed.,3,They worked for two hours to rescue the man _was injured in the accident.,whose,which,who/that,4,There is no simple answer to such a question,_ is often the case in science.,5,Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience _people cannot get at home.,6,Children liked to gather around the old woman,_ seemed to have a good supply of fairy tales.,7,In Canada,skating and ice-hockey are popular with teenagers,many of _ play them from early age.,as,(which/that),who,whom,8,They will fly to Chicago,，,_ they plan to stay in for two or three days.,9,Last month,，,part of the Southeast Asia was struck by floods,，,from _ effects the people are still suffering.,10,The new buyer identified a dozen new sources for the material,，,most of _ proved to be reliable.,11,The law must be strictly observed and anyone _breaks it shall be punished.,12,The air quality in the city,，,_is shown in the report,，,has improved over the past two months.,which,whose,which,who,as,13,Many universities share teaching resources online,，,creating a learning space _ benefits lifelong learners.,14,Like all parents in the world,，,we want you to grow up in a world _ is full of love and kindness.,15,_is often the case,，,we have worked out the production plan.,16,I shall never forget those days _ I lived in the army with the soldiers,，,_ has a great effect on my life.,17,You may search on the Internet for professors and their courses about the university _may interest you.,As,when,which,that,which/that,which/that,