现在完成时讲解(2).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*现在完成时*,现在完成时是由助动词,have,（,has,）,+,过去分词构成,其否定句在,have/has,后加,not,.,一般疑问句把,have/has,提到主语前,.,动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）,不规则变化,：,基本结构,am/is,-was-been,are,-were-been,begin,-began-begun,break,-broke-broken,do,-did-done,draw,-drew-drawn,drink,-drank-drunk,drive,-drove-driven,eat,-ate-eaten,fall,-fell-fallen,fly,-flew-flown,forget,-forgot-forgotten,give,-gave-given,go,-went-gone,grow,-grew-grown,hide,-hid-hidden,know,-knew-known,lie,-lay-lain,ride,-rode-ridden,ring,-rang-rung,show,-showed-shown,see,-saw-seen,sing,-sang-sung,speak,-spoke-spoken,take,-took-taken,come,-came-come,run,-ran run,become,-became-become,1,表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,-would you like some bread?,-No,thanks.,I have just had my breakfast.,(,对现在的影响：不饿,),常用副词,just,（刚刚）,already,before,yet,（一般,疑问：已经；否定句：还,),never,ever,I have,never,heard of that,before,.,Have you,ever,ridden a horse?,She has,already,finished the work.,Have you milked the cow,yet,?Yes,I have done,that,already,.,Ive,just,finished my homework.,He has not come yet.,2,。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，,也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。,通常和,for,（一段时间）,since,（时间点）,引导的时间状语,连用,.,以及,so far,in the last ten years,by now,these days,等连用。,I have been here,for just over two years,.,He has worked here,since 1989,.,I havent seen her,these days,.,She has learnt English,for 3 years/since 3 years ago,.,They have lived here,since 1990,.,Great changes have taken place,in the last 10 years,.,注意点一：,现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较,现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：,yesterday,last night,two weeks ago,等,牢记,:when,不与现在完成时连用。,Put the following sentences into English.,A:,火车已经开走了,.,B:,什么时候开走的,?,A:,半个小时之前开走的,.,2.A:,你看过这部电影吗,?,B:,看过,.,A:,什么时候看的,.,B:,上周星期天看的,.,A:The train has left.,B:When did it leave,？,A:It left half an hour ago.,A:Have you seen the film?,B:Yes,I have.,A:When did you see it?,B:I saw it last Sunday.,注意点二、非延续性动词与现在完成时,短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：,become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,get to know,go,join,leave,marry,等,。,为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词,have,，,keep,等来代替非延续性动词。,电影开始五分钟了。,The film began five minutes ago.,The film has been on for five minutes.,瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换,come/go,be(in)leave be away,borrow keep buy have,die be dead get to know know,begin be on go out be off,go out be off arrive be here/there,marry/get married(to),be married(to),begin to work/study/live work/study/leave,fall asleep/get to sleep,be asleep,join the Party be in the Party/,be a member of,(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),I have bought a new dictionary for a week.,I have had a new dictionary for a week.,我买,一本新词典已有一星期了。,They have come here for two days.,They have been here for two days.,他们来这儿已经两天了。,He has joined the League member for two years.,He has been a League member for two years.,他已,入团两年了。,The man has been dead for several years.,The man has died for several years.,这个人已经去世好几年了。,请 判 断,1.I,have,borrowed,the book,for,2 weeks.,(),2.The film,has,begun,for,5 minutes.(,),A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,3.,这辆自行车我买了两年了。,Ive _ the bike _ two years.,4.He left,Nanjing,two years ago.,He _ _ _ _,Nanjing,for two years.,5.The monkey died last month.,The monkey _ _ _ for a month.,had for,has been away from,has been dead,1,、,have(has)been in,表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：,Mr.Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.,布朗来上海已经有三天了。,They have been in Canada for five years.,他们到加拿大有五年了。,2,、,have(,has)been,to,表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与,just,ever,never,等连用，例如：,Mary has never been to the Great Wall.,玛丽从未去过长城。,Have(has)been to,后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：,They have been to that village several times.,他们去过那个村庄好几次了。,3,、,have(has)gone to,意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：,-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop.,他到书店去了。,注意点三:have been in,have been to,have gone to,1.My parents,the Great Wall twice.They like there very much.,2,.,you ever,to the Happy valley?,How long,Peter,the West Hill farm?,My sister,the shop.She will be back in two hours.,She,Shanghai.She isnt here.,She,Shanghai for two years,has gone to,have been to,Have,been to,has,been in,has gone to,has been in,注意点四,:,since,的用法,1 since+,具体的过去时间,since 2008,since last Sunday,+ago,since two years ago,+,句子,(,过去时,),2 It is/has been+,一段时间,+since,从句,.,自从某事发生已有一段时间了,.,It is/has been two years,since my brother joined the army.,当堂巩固,-Will you go shopping with me now?,-Sorry,I cant.I _ my shirts.,A wash B have washed,C washed D am washing (2008,威海,),当堂巩固,How long have you _ the magazine?,About a week.(2008,济宁,),A found B borrowed C received D had,_ you _ the film Harry Potter 5?,Not yet.I will see it this Sunday.(2008,重庆,),A Did,see B Are,seeing,C Have,seen D Do,see,当堂巩固,How is Ann?I _ her for a long time.,A dont see B wont see,C didnt see D havent seen (2008,河北,),Hasnt Betty come yet?,No,and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours.,A wait B waited C have waited D had waited,当堂巩固,Is,Mr,Baker at home?(2008,辽宁省十二市,),Sorry,he isnt in.He _,Dalian,for vacation.,A has gone B went C is going D goes,Mr,Zhang is a teacher of rich experience.He _ English for 20 years.(2008,大连,),A has taught B will teach,C teaches D taught,当堂巩固,-How many times have you _ to,Xian,?,-Three times.(2008,天水）,A been B went C gone D go,I wont forget my teacher because she _ so kind to me since I came to this school.,A has been B will be C was D is (2008,陕西,),当堂巩固,-I will return the book to Mary,but I cant find her anywhere.-she _ the teachers office.You can find her there.(2008,云南,),A has left B was away from C has gone to D has been to,You have _ my dictionary for two weeks.,Sorry,I will give it back to you right now.,A lent B borrowed C kept (2008,南充,),当堂巩固,-_ you _ out the problem,Sam?-Not,yet,but,I am going to.(2008,咸宁,),A Did,work B Are,working,C Have,worked D Will,work,-What are you going to do this Saturday?,-I _ yet.(2008,烟台,),A haven decided B wont decide C am not decided D didnt decide,当堂巩固,How long _ the film _ when you got there?,A has begun B had begun,C has been on D had been on (2008,罗田,),Mr,Green _ Beijing since three years ago.,A has come to B went to,C had lived in D has been in (2008,涿鹿,),当堂巩固,He _ our school for two weeks.(2008,青海）,A left B has left C has been away from,-My father _Shanghai with my(2008,常州,)grandparents.,-Really?_ will they come back?,A has been to,How soon B has gone to,How soon C has been to,How long D has gone to,How long,当堂巩固,She _ that same song so many times.Im getting sick of it!(2008,杭州,),A sings B sang C will sing D has sung,-Mike,you _ the magazine since last week.Can you return it now?,-Sure.(2008,泉州）,A borrowed B have borrowed C have kept,