大学英语四级写作辅导.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,大学英语四级写作辅导,重温四级写作评分中的几个关键点（参见,710,分,第一页）,1,、内容：,紧扣提纲、不能偏题,2,、结构：,布局合理、详略得当,3,、语言：,语句通顺、语义连贯,备注项,:,1,、字数不足,酌情扣分,2,、只写,一段者,0-4,分,，只写,两段者,0-9,分,。,(,总分按照,15,分计算,),四级写作的文体,说明文,议论文,非应用文 记叙文,描写文,文体,书信体,应用文,非书信体,写作的流程：以,96,年,1,月大学英语四级写作为例,Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic,The Two-day Weekend,.You should write,at least 100 words,and you should base your composition on,the outline,(given in Chinese)below:,1.,双休日给大学生带来的,好处,。,2.,双休日可能给大学生带来的,问题,。,3.,我应当,怎样过好双休日,。,写作的流程,一看（看清标题和字数）,二圈（在提纲中圈出关键词，即写作重点）,三标（在要详写的提纲的关键词旁标注,1,、,2,、,3,，表示这个关键点至少从,3,个方面阐述。如果该点略写，则不标,123,）,四想（进行构思（全文分几个段？详略如何分布,?,段落间如何衔接，段落内部如何衔接？），意在笔先）,五写（语言组织，想好后下笔，下笔后不改）,审题练习一,98,年,1,月大学英语四级作文题目,Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic,Harmfulness of Fake Commodities,.You should write,at least 100 words,and you should base your composition on the,outline,(given in Chinese)below:,1,.,目前社会上有,不少假冒伪劣商品,(,fake commodities,),。,2,.,为什么,会有这种现象,?,（,1,厂家追逐利益,，,2,政府缺少监管，,3,群众难以识别,）,3,.,举例,说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的,危害,。,课堂练习一：审题练习,参见,710,分,P20,，对如下作文,4,5,9,进行快速审题练习。,如何写提纲,根据题目和中文提纲利用,2-3,分钟时间列出写作要点，理清要点间的逻辑关系，组织并列出写作素材，列出关键词，在头脑中形成一个整体的思路。,以“,I Have a Dream”,为例,outline:1whats your dream 2 how to realize your dream,P1,:My dream is to be a teacher.(a story,a saying,direct opening),P2,:,1),read more books on teaching,2),do more physical exercises in pursuit of good health,3),work as a part-time tutor/teacher on weekends or vacation,P3,:conclusion,请你写提纲,How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent?(2010,年,12,月真题）,目前不少父母为孩子包办一切,为了让孩子独立，父母应该,.,（提示：,只有两点的提纲，结构应该怎样：二段还是三段？,How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent?,P1,:Parents are willing to do everything for children(some damages,，,reasons,）,P2,:To help children become indepent,parents should,1,guide children to figure out how to solve problems on their own,2,.teach children how to do some households instead of doing it for them,P3,:(conclusion),By doing so,children will be able to learn how to adopt themselves to the complicated society.,范文赏析,The InternetA Two-Edged Sword,(,Topic sentence,),There is a good side and a bad side to everythingand that includes the Internet.,As the latest product of the“technological revolution,”the Internet has usheredin a new era of global information.Nevertheless,along with conveniences,it has brought mankind new problems to solve.,(,Topic sentence,),Internet benefits us in many respects.,There is no denying that,the Internet can vastly improve the efficiency of scientific research;it allows scientists swift access to all the data and research findings in their fields available worldwide.,Moreover,as information is as valuable as any material resource,anyone who has access to the Internet has a competitive advantage in business over those who dont.,Last but not least,the Internet has made personal communication both more convenient and more rapid.,The InternetA Two-Edged Sword,(,Topic sentence),While there is a great deal of enthusiasm nowadays over the advantages of the Internet,its drawbacks should not be neglected.,For one thing,long time surfing on the Internet does a lot of harms to our body.,For another,not all the information available on the Internet is useful or harmless.,(,Topic sentence,),But,all in all,I would say that,the pros outweigh the cons,As the world economy becomes more and more closely integrated,any country which falls behind in the“information race”will become economically backward.,The Internet,if properly managed,holds the key to success in the 21st century.,议论文的过度句,The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.,Evidently,it has both negative and positive effects.,For all the disadvantages,it has its compensating advantages.,Like anything else,it has its faults.,Every coin has two sides.We should see the other side of a coin.,议论文写作模板,模板一：,观点对立型,第一段,(,引入话题）,：,Nowadays,there is an increasing interest in,某一话题,.Therefore,a hot debate arises over,该话题,.,第二段（观点,A,及其原因分析）,：,Some people are in favor of the idea of,观点,A,.Their reasons are as following:,in the first place,原因一,;,in the second place,原因二,;,in the third place,原因三,.,第三段（观点,B,及其原因分析）,：,However,other people hold an opposite viewpoint.They consider that,观点,B,.They hold this view because,原因一,.,Besides,原因二,.,Whats more,原因三,.,第四段（我的看法）,：,There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of,该话题,outweigh the disadvantages.In my opinion,进一步阐明我的看法及其原因,.,议论文模板,模板二：,观点对立型,第一段：,Nowadays,wherever you go,you will hear people talk about,某一话题,.,Whether you like it or not,it has become a part of our life.,第二段：,Some people maintain that,观点,A,.,In their view,原因一,.,They also argue that,原因二,.Finally,原因三,.,第三段：,Some people,however,take a different attitude.They consider that,观点,B,.,There are two reasons for this.For one thing,原因一,.For another,原因二,.,第四段：,As far as I am concerned,我的看法,.,Therefore,结论,.,议论文模板,模板三：,观点对立型,第一段：,When it comes to,某一话题,different people have different ideas.,第二段：,Some people hold that,观点,A,.They believe that,原因一,.They also claim that,原因二,.,Moreover,原因三,.,第三段：,But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that,观点,B,.,Firstly,原因一,.,Secondly,原因二,.,Thirdly,原因三,.,第四段：,There is some truth in both arguments.But I favor,（,/support/back up,）,the former,（,/latter,）,side.After all,补充原因,.,范文赏析,(,说明文）,How to Succeed in a Job Interview?,Nowadays,students must seek jobs by themselves.Job interview is the only way to have access to the doom of the employers.,So,succeeding in a job interview is very important,.,But,how can one succeed in a job interview,?,Firstly,you should be very well prepared.Bring along as much information about yourself as possible:your diploma certification,your credit records,certification about your awards,your publications,and the most important of all,an excellently-designed resume,in both Chinese and English.,Secondly,you must pay much attention to your appearance.In order to prove yourself a well-educated person,you must first of all be dressed properly.While talking with the interviewer,you should look at the one you are talking to with understanding eyes.While standing,you should stand firm,never making big gestures.While sitting,you should never sit cross-legged.Always remember to listen attentively to the person talking.A slight nod of your head is always timely to show your willingness to communicate.,Thirdly,you must be confident about yourself.Never be nervous.Let your smiling face show friendliness first.While talking about your strong points,be honest,never beast or even tell a lie.,Are you sure you are well prepared?You can go now,and you will succeed,without doubt.,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板一：,现象描述,段落模板,1,、,Nowadays,with the development of society(economy/education/internet),某个现象,has aroused much concern in China.,描述现象,2,、,Nowadays,with the reform of,现象的背景,描述现象,.,This phenomenon has been brought into public focus and called for further concern.,3,、,In recent years,描述现象,.,This issue has aroused the greatest concern.,4,、,Currently,along with the advance of the society,an important issue that,描述现象,is brought to our attention.For example,举例描述各种具体现象,.,说明文写作：怎样定模板,？,模板二：,原因分析,段落模板,1,、,Just as what has happened to anything in the world,many factors lead to this phenomenon.For one thing,原因一,.For another,原因二,.Our list of contributors could go on,but the foregoing ones are already enough to give us a deep insight into the phenomenon,【,此模板适合于两个原因的段落,】,2,、,A number of factors could account for the phenomenon,but the following are the most critical ones.First of all,原因一,.In addition,原因二,.Whats more,原因三,【,此模板适合于三个原因的段落,】,3,、,For this phenomenon,there are plenty of contributing causes among which,the following ones are particularly worth mentioning.First,原因一,.Second,原因二,.And finally,原因三,备注：,【,为了增加文章字数，也可以在每一种原因后进一步论述该原因,】,说明文写作：怎样定模板,？,模板三：,影响（问题或者危害）分析,段落模板,1,、,Obviously,there are some problems existing in,某事物或现象,.,(There is some influence/there are some harms/damages following,某事物或现象,.)For instance,列举影响一,/,问题一,/,危害一,.,进一步说明该影响、问题或危害,.In addition/Besides,影响二,/,问题二,/,危害二,.Whats more/Moreover,影响三,/,问题三,/,危害,三,.,2,、,Objectively speaking,，,this phenomenon will bring about both positive and negative effect.On the one hand,描述正面影响,.On the other hand,描述负面影响,【,影响多时，可以加衔接词分几点阐述,】,3,、,This issue may lead to a number of unfavorable consequences,with the following two the most serious.For one thing,后果一,.,For another,后果二,.【,如果是三种后果呢？怎么变化句型？,】,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板四：,解决方案,段落模板,1,、,There are many steps(measures/ways)which can be taken to solve this problem.First of all,解决方法一,.In addition,解决方法二,.Whats more,解决方法三,.,2,、,Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem,but the following ones may be the most effective.First of all,解决方法一,.Another way to solve the problem is,解决方法二,.Finally,解决方法三,.,3,、,As is known to all,many measures can be taken to undo this problem.First of all,解决方法一,.Furthermore,解决方法二,Last but not the least,解决方法三,备注：,【,如果要增补文章的字数，在每一种方案之后，可以用一个句子写这种方案的好处。,】,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板五：,意义描写,段落模板,1,、,某一话题等,is of great significance.In the first place,意义一,.,In the second place,意义二,.In the third place,意义三,.,2,、,It is important for us,to do,sth,/to have,sth,.,【,根据提纲要求灵活替换,】,。,First,重要性一,/,或者重要的原因一,.Second,重要性二,/,或者重要的原因二,.,Third,重要性三,/,或者重要的原因三,.,备注：,【,如果要增补文章的字数，在每一种意义之后，可以用一个句子举例说明该意义。,】,课后作业,背诵模板，并默写,。,Writing assignment(no less than 150 words),Title:,The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet(,or any other things such as cell-phone,TV,Car,long holiday etc.,),1),大学生使用英特网的好处,2,）使用英特网的问题有,3,）结论,(,要求每段以主题句开头，模仿范文中好的句子,）,