公开课-中考英语被动语态专题复习课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,festival.swf,中考被动语态,之一,一、被动语态概述,英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示,主语是动作的对象。,及物动词才有被动语态，汉语往往用,被,、,受,、,给,等词来表示被动意义。,如：他们讲英语。,They speak English.,（主动语态）,English is spoken by them.,（被动语态）,二、被动语态的构成,被动语态由,“,助动词,be+,及物动词的过去分词,”,构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变,be,的形式，过去分词部分保持不变。,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时被动：,一般过去时被动：,一般将来时被动：,主语,+am/is/are+,过去分词,主语,+was/were +,过去分词,主语,+will +be+,过去分词,The flowers,主,(,承受者,),every day.,are watered,by her,She,waters,the flowers,every day.,主,(,执行者,),谓 宾,(,承受者,),主动语态,被动语态,宾语 ,谓语 ,主语 ,其他 ,主语,be+P.P(,过去分词,),by+,宾语,顺口溜：宾变主，主变宾，,by,短语后面跟；谓语动 词变被动，,be,后“过分”来使用。,探究 主动变被动的方法,:,抄下来,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主,(,执行者,),谓 宾,(,承受者,),一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,主语,+am/is/are +,过去分词,Shoes,主语（承受者）,are,made,(by them),in that factory.,主动语态：,被动语态：,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,(,动介,),宾,(,承受者,),The little baby,主,(,承受者,),was looked after,by him,yesterday,.,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,last term.,一般过去时的被动语态：,主语,+was/were+,过去分词,Ten computers,were bought,by them,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,承受者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,一般将来时的被动语态：,主语,+,will+be,+,过去分词,一般现在时被动：,一般过去时被动：,一般将来时被动：,主语,+am/is/are+,过去分词,主语,+will +be+,过去分词,主语,+was/were +,过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成,被动语态的用法,Football is played all over the world,My bike was stolen,我的自行车被盗了。,一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。,eg,：,二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。,eg,：,二、用所给动词的正确形式填空,1.Too much,water_by,him every day.(drink),2.Two apples _ by Tom just now.(eat),3.He _ a model plane by hand,tomorrow.(make,),4.-Did you go to the party last night?,-,No,I,wasn,t,_.(invite),一、用,be,的正确形式填空,1.Many trees _planted by us every year.,2.1000 trees _planted by us last year.,3.A knife _ used to cut apples.,4.The students _ asked to have breakfast.,5.The rooms _cleaned later.,观察,:be,动词有,_,_,和,_,的变化,.,is drunk,were eaten,are,were,is,are,时态 人称 数,will make,invited,will be,1.-Who cleans,the house at your home?,2.-Who cooks meals at your home?,-My mother,cleans,the house.,-My mother,cooks,meals.,当句子的主语是动作的,执行者,时，谓语的形式是,主动语态,。当句子的主语是动作的,承受者,时，谓语要用,被动语态,。被动语态由助动词,be+,过去分词,构成，时态通过,be,表现出来。,-The house,is cleaned,by my mother.,-The meals,are cooked,by my mother.,They,will finish,the work,in ten days.,in ten days.,一般将来时的被动语态：,主语,+,will+be,+,过去分词,The work,will be finished,(,by them,),Summary,巧记主动语态变被动语态顺口溜：,主动变被动，划分句子成分主、谓、宾首先用，接着判断时态巧布控，主动谓语变被动，,be+,过分来使用。,宾语变主语，主语,by,宾语，谓语,be+,过分随时记。,情态动词变被动，情态,+be+,过分。,双宾物作主，指人宾语前要带,for,或,to.,使役、感官动词后，宾补动词别忘加,to,用。,其余部分不变化，抄下完整句子好说话。,一般现在时，,is/am/are+,过分来使用,；,一般过去时,，,was/were+,过分来使用,；,一般将来时,，,will/,shall+be,+,过分来使用,；,情态动词被动语态，,can/could/must/should/would/,may+be,+,过分,来使用,。,主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况,:,一、,使役动词,和,感官动词,在主动结构中，后面接不带,to,的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的,to,加上，这类动词有：,hear,see,watch,make,help,let,等,。,1)I,heard,him,sing,last night.,He,was heard,to sing,last night.,2)The boss,made,them,work,10 hours a day.,They,were made,to work,10 hours a day.,顺口溜：宾补动词真奇怪，,to,在句中像妖怪。,主动句中,to,走开，被动句中,to,回来。,The flowers,What does she do,every day?,every day.,are watered,by her,She,waters,the flowers,every day.,主,（执行者）,谓 宾,(,承受者,),后面能接宾语的动词,才有被动语态,及物动词,二、含双宾语的,主动语态变为被动语态,1)Someone gave,the boy,an apple,.,(,间接宾语,),(,直接宾语,),An apple(,物,),was given_ the boy.,The boy,（人）,was given an apple.,类似的动词有,:,send,、,show,、,bring,、,teach,等,2),His father bought him a present.,A present,（物）,was bought _him.,He,（人）,was bought a present.,类似的动词有：,make,、,cook,、,sing,等,双宾物做主，指人宾语前要带,to,或,for,to,for,步骤三,：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,1,）,They,built,the tall building last year.,2)He,took good care of,his little brother yesterday.,3)We,cleaned,our classroom just now.,4)They,used,this room for resting.,The tall building,was built,by,them last year.,His little brother,was taken good care of,by,him yesterday.,Our classroom,was cleaned,by,us just now.,This room,was used for,resting,by,them.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词，如例,2).,一,.,系动词 和,sell,等动词用主动语态表被动,.,1).read,sell,last,wash,write,等带状语,（,well,easily,),时。,eg:,Her,book sells well.,2),.,系动词,feel,look,smell,sound,taste,等,与形容词连用时。,eg,：,The cake tastes delicious.,不用被动语态的情况,二,.,不及物动词没有被动语态，,eg,：,happen,take place,begin,become,disappear,come,out,rise,等,eg,：,The sun rises in the east.,Amy,can take good care of,Lucy,by Amy.,情态动词的被动语态：,S+,can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,变为被动语态四,顺口溜：情态动词变被动，情态加,be,加,“,过分,”,Lucy,can be taken good care of,1.He can take care of the baby.,The baby _ _ _ care of by him.,2.You,mustn,t,turn off the lights.,The lights _ _ _ _ by you.,3.They,shoud,finish their homework on time.,can be taken,Their homework should be finished by them,on time.,步骤三：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,mustn,t be turned off,