现在完成时的特殊疑问句 延续性动词 和 非延续性动词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,现在完成时的特殊疑问句,疑问词,+,have/has,+,主语,+,过去分词,+其他？,How long,have,you,had,that bike over there?,询问拥有多长时间,for&since,for+一段时间，指某个动作或状态到现在为止持续了多长时间,since 作为prep，后接一个时间n,“自以来”，指某个动词或情况从过去某一时间点一直持续到现在,e,g.,1.I have been a student for eight years.,2.I have been a stuedent since eight years ago.,3.I have been a student since I was seven years old.,延续性v.&非延续性 v.,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。,延续性动词,：表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响，eg.learn,work,stand,lie,know,keep.,非延续性动词,：也称短暂性动词、,终止性动词,、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束 eg.open,borrow,leave,buy,die,比较下列句子,How long,has,Mary,left,?,How long,has,Mary,been away,?,B.,How long,has,he,borrowed,the book?,How long,has,he,kept,the book?,C.Maria,has come back,since three days ago.,Maria,has been back,since three days ago.,D.Tony,has bought,the computer for two years.,Tony,has had,the computer for two years.,结论,当用现在完成时的肯定句和how long 引导的疑问句表示持续性动词和状态时应使用延续性动词,常见的非延续动词转换为延续性动词,buy-have had,leave-have been away,come back-have been back,borrow-have kept,die-have been dead,begin-have been on,open-have been opened,join-have been a member of,