人文社科英语期末复习.doc

人文社科英语期末复习
一、考试题型：
Part 1 Reading Comprehension (10%)
一篇文章，十个选择题，共10分。
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (50%)
Section A: the formal alternatives to the underlined word (选同义词）(10%)
共20个题
Section B: (20%) decide on the best answer
共20个课文里得句子
Section C: (10%)
共20个句子与a word bank
Part III Background information (15%)
共 15个statements, 关于背景知识， 决定对错。
Part IV Translation ( English into Chinese) (15%)
5 sentences out of the text
Part IV Short-answer Questions: (10%)
取自课文中得一个背景知识点，自由发挥。该题不仅考您对知识得了解，还考察用英语表达得能力，因此建议以把知识说明白为原则，不要三两句话完成。
Question 1 ( 2%)
Question 2 ( 8%) (about 100 words)
二、重点：
Unit 1:
1、 What is the scope of literature? What is the standard to decide whether a literary work is literature?
artistic merit: Artistic merit refers to the judgement of the perceived quality or value of cultural products as works of art、 A piece of writing is considered as having artistic merit if it has high quality and some aesthetic value、 ]
2、 Different Genres: types of literature
Poetry prose fiction drama
Epic lyric verse essay
Unit 2
1、 What is literary theory? What is literary criticism?
In a strict sense, literary theory refers to the systematic study of the nature of literature and the methods for analyzing literature、 In a wider sense, it can refer to various scholarly approaches to reading texts、 These approaches and ideas act as different lenses literary critics use to analyze literature、 They allow critics to focus on particular aspects of a literary work、 Literary theory aims to understand the nature and functions of literature, and the relation of a text to its author, to its reader, to language, to society, to history, etc、
Literary criticism: is the evaluation, analysis and description of a particularly literary work or a group of writings as a whole、 Modern literary criticism is often informed by literary theory、 It is usually in the form of a critical essay、
2、 Schools of criticism:
The eight schools: 1、 formalism, 2、 Psychoanalytic, 3, Marxist, 4, Structuralism, 5、New Historicism 6、 Post-Colonial Criticism,7、 Feminist Criticism 8、 Gender study
What are the major views this criticism hold?
What approach does this criticism employ?
What aspects does this criticism focus on?
3、 What is transactional interpretative process?
new information from the text
old world
(existed knowledge,
past experience)
reject, revise, assimilate into one
interpretation of the text (a new world)

Unit 3:
1、 What are the pitfalls of writing about Hemingway?
To distinguish the myth from the man and fictional characters he created、
The Mythical Hemingway: public image or impressions
Writing style: deceptively simple (appears to be simple, but otherwise difficult)、似浅实深
2、 Writing style:
iceberg theory:
If a writer of prose knows enough of what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them、 The dignity of movement of an ice-berg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water、 A writer who omits things because he does not know them only makes hollow places in his writing、
Hemingway called his style the iceberg theory: the facts float above water; the supporting structure and symbolism operate out of sight、 The concept of the iceberg theory is sometimes referred to as the "theory of omission"、 Hemingway believed the writer could describe one thing though an entirely different thing occurs below the surface、
3、 What is the Lost Generation?
A group of American writer
Unit 5
1、 Why study History?
Suggest you should generalize the major points why study history、
The pastness of the past: the ways people in distant ages constructed their lives or the state or quality of being past、
The presence of the past: history can provide us with experience and lessons to guide us to build up our present or future life、
2、 What is collective memory?
It is historical knowledge shared by a group of people or a nation、
Unit 6
1、 What is historical consciousness?
A sense of time, a historical thinking: sees and does things through an angle of history、
2、 Mandate of Heaven:
It is an ancient Chinese philosophical concept originating during the Zhou dynasty、 It postulates that Heaven would bless authority of a just ruler, but would be displeased with despotic ruler and would withdraw its mandate、
3、 What is the Axial Age?
It refers to a period between700BC and 300 BC、 This period was characterized by the emergence of religious and philosophical thinkers who established ideas which became the basis for religions and philosophical thought in those societies for hundreds of years、
4、 Confucianism and Taoism、