英语七年级下U1知识点讲解.doc

一、同步知识梳理知识点1：Dream house (标题） dream adj , 意为“梦想中的，理想的”To tell you the true , it is my dream house . 实话告诉你吧，这就是我梦想中的家.dream n , 意为“梦，梦想” ， 是可数名词My dream is to go to shanghai . 我的梦想就是去上海.dream v , 意为“梦想，向往，渴望”.此时经常或about 和of 连用.He dreams of being a singer one day . 他梦想有朝一日成为一名歌手.知识点2：. Would you like to live in a palace, Eddie? 埃迪，你愿意居住在宫殿里吗？（P6)would like to意思是“想要.”，与want意思相同，would like的一般疑问句形式表达向别人提出委婉客气的请求或者是礼貌的建议.其肯定回答为Yes, Id love to. 否定回答为No, thanks. -Would you like to play football with us? -Yes, Id love to, but I should finish doing my homework first.知识点3： Id like to live next to a restaurant. 我想要居住在饭店的旁边. (P6)next to 用作介词，意为“紧靠，在近旁，仅次”.这是一个表示方位的介词，可在句中充当表语、定语或地点状语，在此句中作状语.The post office is next to the shopping mall. 邮局在大卖场旁边.My bedroom is next to theirs. 我的卧室紧靠他们的卧室.知识点4：-Which is your favourite? 你最喜欢哪一家？ - The biggest one in fifth street . 第五条街上最大的那家. (P6）(1)Which is your favourite? 同义句是：Which restaurant is your favourite ? / Which is your favourite restaurant? / Which restaurant do you like best ?(2)The biggest one in fifth street .中最高级best前面要加the . 句中的one指代上文中的restaurant .-Which skirt do you like best ? 哪条裙子你最喜欢？-The red one . 红色的那条.知识点5: Which country is this photo from , Simon ？西蒙，这张照片来自哪个国家？（P7)这里的be from 相当于e from ，意为“来自.”Where is Tom from ? = Where does Tom e from ？汤姆来自哪里？知识点6：Is Tokyo the capital of Japan ? 东京是日本的首都吗？（P7)句型结构为：The capital of + 国家+ is + 首都如：The capital of the UK is London . 英国的首都是伦敦.下面是部分常见国家与相应的首都：国家（country)首都（capital)America 美国Washington 华盛顿Japan 日本Tokyo 东京Russia 俄罗斯Moscow 莫斯科The UK 英国London 伦敦South Korea 韩国Seoul 首尔Germany 德国Berlin 柏林Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Italy 意大利Rome 罗马France 法国Pairs 巴黎知识点7：Simon wants to learn about homes around the world. 西蒙想了解更多关于世界家园的知识.（P8)around 是介词，意为“在周围”“在各处”“到处”“大约”。 The students stand around the teacher and listen carefully. 学生们站在老师的周围仔细的听着。around也可用作副词，意为“在周围”“在附近”“各处”“整整一圈”“回转”等。 Do you find anybody around? 你发现周围有人吗？知识点8：My family and I often sit there and enjoy a cup of tea. 我的家人和我坐在那里喝茶. (P8)my family and I意为“我和我的家人”。family 用作名词，表示“家，家庭，家属” His family is going to move. 他家要搬走了。（family指整个家庭，动词用单数。） My family are very well. 我们全家人都很健康。（family指全家的每一个人，动词用复数）family也可以用作定语，此时相当于形容词，意为“家庭的，家族的”。 His family name is Smith. 他的姓是史密斯。 Thats her family tree. 那是她的家谱。family作名词时，常用作集体名词。指整体时，用作单数，谓语动词用单数形式；指成员时，用作复数，谓语动词用复数形式。类似的集体名词还有： class 班 team 队 group 组 public 公众 population 人口 audience 观众 知识点9： I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea. Its cool. 我喜欢坐在那里向外看海滩和大海. (P8)1. look out at 在本句中意为“向外看”“眺望外面”，由look out 和look at两个短语合并而成。如：The boy is looking out at the birds in the tree.那位男孩正眺望外面树上的鸟。2. look out 除了有“向外看”的意思以外，还可表示“查出，找出，注意，当心”等意。 You must look it out in the room. 你必须将它从房间里找出来。 Look out or you will hurt yourself. 他们一起到各地旅行。3. 与look组成的短语： look after 照顾，照料 look forward to 期盼，希望 look back 回顾，回想 look for 寻找 题型1：填空I visited some places of interesting in the world last year, including_(美国的首都).题型2：单选例1： -Would you like to dance with me? -_. I have too much homework. A. Sorry, I cant B. Of course not C. Thats OK D. Id like to例2：-Where did you find the lost child yesterday evening? -I found him at the gate_ a supermarket. A. in to B. because of C. after D. next to例3：The kind guides_ the Olympic visitors_ a Beijing Siheyuan. A. take; away B. take; around C. look; around D. take; of例4：His family _ a large one. The whole family_ watching TV. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is例5： _ the window! Whats happening there? A. Look off B. Look over C. Look out of D. Look for检测题1：根据汉语注释，在空格内写出各单词的正确形式： 1. _ (梦) are not always bad for our health. 2. My sister enjoys walking along the _ (海滩) when she is on holiday. 3. My hobby is _(聊天) with my friends on floor cushions at the seaside. 4. Thank you for your _ (邀请). Its my pleasure. 5. “To be _(有帮助的)” means “to be glad to help others.” 检测题2：在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确选项：( ) 1.My cousin has a small garden many beautiful flowers. A. of B. with C. about D. in( ) 2.My flat in Shanghai is different yours in Beijing in some ways. A. on B. from C. for D. in( ) 3.Would you please give me drink? Im thirsty. Anything will do. A. many B. any C. some D. other( ) 4.Last summer, people planted _ trees to make our city greener and more beautiful. A. five millions B. five millions of C. five million D. five million of( ) 5.Friday is the day of a week. A. sixth B. last C. fifth D. first( ) 6.The river is . A.150-metre long B.150 metres long C. long 150 metres D. long 150-metre( ) 7.-Hello. Who _? -_ Kitty speaking. A. are you; I am B. is that; This is C. are you; This is D. is this; Its( ) 8.Please listen to the teacher carefully. Dont _ the window. A. look to B. look at C. look into D. look out of 一、数词的基本分类1）基数词表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。 2）序数词表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。二、数词的构成 1、基数词的构成1） 1-20表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one;三位数如one hundred and twenty-one, 百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如： About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。 Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。2、序数词的构成1）许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，sixteen / sixteenth；twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。批注：1. 基数词和序数词间的转化规律： 基数词变为序数词的规则(口诀)基变序，有规律，词尾加上th；一、二、三特殊记，八去“t”,九去“e”； “ve”要用f替，见“y”变成“ie”词尾加上“th”；若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。2. 几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth等。 2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。三、数词的用法：1)序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如： Today is my fathers fortieth birthday.2)时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five oclock, seven thirty, two to eight等。3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth批注：表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在21世纪 写作 in the twenty-first century.4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词,分母须用复数形式。如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。 5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1，the first lesson.二、专题过关检测题1：数词填空1. Even a child knows September is the _ month of a year.（nine）2. Three _(hundred)of the students are dancing at the square after supper.3. My family live on the_（five）floor of the tall building. 4. Ive bought a present for my fathers_(forty)birthday. 5. December is the_(twelve) month of it.6. Chinese people plant several_ (million) trees every year.7. Now _(thousand) of people around the world cant get clean water. 8. The doctor advised him to take the medicine _ (two) a day. 检测题2：单项选择1. _ visitors e to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand2. How was your weekend? Great! It was my grandfathers_ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves. A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. Seventeenth3.May is the _ month of a year. A. fifty B. fifteen C. fifth D. five4. A _girl named Dong Changzhou looked after her disabled father. A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. a years old5. Please turn to page _ and look at the _ picture in this unit. A. twentieth; one B. twenty; one C. twentieth; first D. twenty; first6. - I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again. Is it the second time for him? - Yes, and he will e for _time next spring. A. a third B. a second C. the third D. a third7. Would you like to have _ apples? No, thank you. Ive had enough. A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others8. There are _ days in a week and Tuesday is_ day of the week. A. seven ,third B. seven ,the third C. seventh ,three D. the seventh, three9. There _ twelve months in a year. September is the_ month. A. are, ninth B. is, ninth C. are, nineth D. is, nineth10. Please turn to _. A. Page 11 B. the 11 st page C. page 11 D. page the 11 th 一、 能力培养综合题1：完形填空 Mr. Smith lives in the small village, but he works in an office in a big city. He goes to work by train every morning and es _1_ the same way. One morning while he was _2_ his newspaper on the train, a man _3_ him came up to him. Mr. Smith had not met him before. The man said,“ _4_ ” to him and then _5_ to talk to him. The man said, “Your _6_ isnt interesting, is it? You got on the same train at the same station at the same time _7_ morning and you always sit in the same seat and read the same newspaper.” When Mr. Smith _8_ this, he put his newspaper down, turned around and _9_ to the man angrily, “How do you know all that about me?” “Because Im _10_ sitting in the same seat behind you,” the man answered. 1. A. family B. house C.village D. home 2. A. seeing B. look C. reading D. Finding3 . A. before B. behind C. beside D. next to4. A. Sorry B. Thanks C. Hello D. Goodbye 5. A. refused B. stopped C. ordered D. began 6. A. life B. work C. office D. Child7. A. one B. Every C. this D. yesterday 8. A. heard B. listened C. found D. felt 9. A. asked B. said C. told D. Talked10. A. never B. hardly C. always D. sometimes 综合题2：阅读理解There is a telephone on my desk. Its my good friend. It helps me a lot. My telephone number is 8445816 . Sometimes when I have something to talk about with my classmates. I dont need to go out. I call them. I write down many telephone numbers of my friends. My best friend Johns number is 8459471 . When I cant remember my homework, I ask him by telephone. There are some Telephone Messages beside my telephone. When I am out, my mother writes down the massages for me.1.（ ）Whose telephone number is 8445816? A. Johns mothers. B. His own. C. His classmates. D. Johns.2.（ ）What time does he call his classmates? A. When he doesnt know how to do his homework. B. When he doesn t remember the telephone numbers of others. C. When he forgets what the homework is. D. When he doesnt need to go out. 3.（ ） Why does mother write down the massage for him? Because _. A. he isnt out B. he is working at his lessons C. he forgets the phone number D. he isnt in4.（ ）What does he think of the telephone? A. Useless B. Important C. Best friend D. Helpless5.（ ）Where is the telephone? A. In his office. B. In his house. C. In his classroom. D. In his room. 课后作业作业1:.填空1. This is my _ (two) day in Shanghai.2._ (final), he arrived in Beijing. 3. December is the _ (12) month of a year.4. Do you think these _ (build) are beautiful?5. This is a _ (wood) house. 作业2：选择1. Sandy sits in front of Amy, but behind Simon .So Sandy sits _ Amy _ Simon.A. next; to B. next to; besideC. between; and D. opposite; at2. We usually make dinner in the _.A. bedroom B. dining room C. kitchen D. grandparents 3. There are _ days in a year.A. three hundreds and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five4.“Excuse me . May I speak to Jill, please ?”“_”. A. Yes, I am B. Do you know him? C. I am speaking D. This is Jill speaking.5. We will arrive _ Tokyo _ the afternoon of March 3.A. at, in B. in, on C. in, in D. at, at6. There is an air conditioner _ the window.A. in B. besides C. between D. above7. They are from America. They _ English.A. say B. tell C. talk D. speak 8.“We will have a school trip next week.”“That sounds _.Im sure we will have a good time there.”A. well B. badly C. bad D. good9. Wednesday is the _ day of a week.A. fifth B. fourth C. forth D. third10. Look! They are swimming _ the river.A. between B. in middle of C. in the middle of D. behind11. Would you like _a cup of tea?A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. to drinking12. Would you like to share the room_ her brother? A. with B. and C. of D. on 13._ is your telephone number? A. What B. How many C. How much D. How long14. Which of them isnt a capital city?_ _A. Paris B. London C. New York D. Moscow15. How do you say 15,858? _A. Fifteen thousands, eight hundred and fifty-eight B. Fifteen thousand, eight hundreds and fifty eight.C. Fifteen thousand, eight hundred and fifty-eightD. Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight.作业3：完形填空Xiao Ling is a middle school student. She likes English and she is good _1_it. She often _2_ her parents about her English study. Now she is talking _3_ her father about her English study again. Xiao Ling says, “Look, Dad, this is our new English book. There are a lot of interesting _4_ in it.”“Mmm, not bad. Do you speak only English in class, 5 does your teacher explain (解释) everything to you in Chinese?”“Oh, our teacher