高一定语从句学案.doc

高一英语定语从句学案定 语 从 句学习目标 1.定义及术语 2.比较关系词 3.区别几种句型1.定语从句及相关概念 定语：可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。 如果是一个句子充当定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. (1).概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。The girl who is standing there is Mary.先行词 关系词(2). 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。 (3).关系词: 关系代词:that which who whom whose as 等关系副词:when where why 等(4).定语从句的分类： （1）限定性定从：与先行词关系密切，必不可少,它与先行词之间无逗号。（2）非限定性定从：是先行词的一个附加说明，去掉也不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。 He was reading a book, which was about war.His son who works in Shanghai has come back.His son, who works in Shanghai, has come back. ( )(5). 各关系代词的使用方法（ A ）who, whom, that 代替先行词指人的名或代词， who代人，在从句做主语，也可代替作宾语的whom，前不能有介词，如有介词则必用whom（指人结构：介词+whom）。如:The girl who /that is dressed in red is my sister. (做主语) I dont know the man (who/whom/that) you talked with. (做宾,省)1. Women_drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _dont. A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /2. He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 3. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom(B)whose指人或物，只做定语.若指物，还可用 of which互换。 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.（her ） Please show me the bag whose cover is red.The boy whose father is a worker studies very hard. The book whose cover is green belongs to me. (=of which the cover =the cover of which)1. George Orwell, _was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name2. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.A. whose B. which c. of which D. what3. Have you seen the film Titanic, _leading actor is world-famous?A. its B. its C. whose D. which4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _effects the people are stillSuffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what5. I have many friends, _some are businessman. A. of them B. from which C. who D. Of whom6. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students_ Chinese in the school, most _were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom (C) 关代which，that它们所代替的先行词指事物的名或代词在从句中可做主，宾语等，that还可做表语介词后不能跟that，而跟which. His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health. 在限定性定从中,which和that都指物时，可通用。 This is the house which/that belongs to me. The city is no longer the one that it used to be. (表）D. as指人，物. 常用固定搭配中，用在the sameas, such as, as as, so as做主，宾和表语等, as不可省 “像一样的之类的”Such men as know him praise him. /=Those who know him ( )Such films as you describe cant be shown at all. ( )I will buy the same bike as you. ( )As is known to all, she is the best student in our class. ( )This is the same museum that you once visited.(E).which与 as引导非限制性定从区别:(a).as放在句末,句首和句中都可,而which引导非限定从不能放在句首.As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.(b).as引导非限从具有“正如；正像”的含义，其与主句关系是一致的，常与see，know，hear,watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等连用表看法，态度，解释或评论(c) as is well known as we all see as often happens as has been said before1) Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy.A. who B. which C. this D. what 2) The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it such/sothat和such/soas的区别This is such a difficult question _no one can answer it.This is such a difficult question _no one can answer.A. that B. as C. which D. what 定语从句和并列句的区别1) The old man has two sons, both of _are college students.The old man has two sons, and both of _are college students. A. who B. whom C. them D. they 2) _I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting. (05Zhejiang)A. When B. After C. As D. Since 3) _is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (04 Beijing)A. It B. As C. That D. What 4) _has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. (03 Shanghai spring)A. That B. As C. It D. What5)As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_is named after his grandfather（2010 )A which B where C what D. thatF.关副when, where, why引导定从1)分别在从句中做时状，地状，原状.相当于“prepwhich”结构互换.This is the office _I workedI dont know the reason _he came so late.I remember the days _ I was educated at that school.1. We are living in an age _many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when2. The film brought the hours back to me _I was taken care of in that far-away village.A. until B. that C. when D. where3. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. that B. while C. which D. when如何确定关代还是关副我们应该如何来确定定从中的关代还是关副呢？方法很简单，那就是运用还原法。所谓还原法就是把先行词代入从句中，看它在从句中充当什么成分，作主宾表，就用关代，作状语就用关副。例如：I still remember the days _ we spent together.I still remember the days _we worked together.I dont believe his reason _ he was late for school.I dont believe his reason _he explained just. 2) 定从中关代或关副的选用取决于先行词在定从中所充当的句子成分Is this museum _you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one Is this the museum _the exhibition was held?A. where B. that C. on which D. the oneThey dont tell me the country _you studied last year.They dont tell me the country _you paid a visit to last year.Can you tell me the time at _he will come back?Do you know the room _the president lived in when he paid a visited to our country?Is this the factory _you visited last year?Is this factory _you visited last year?Is this the factory_ you worked last year? A. the one B. the one where C. where D. /(3).并非先行词表时间或地点都分别用when或where引导定从，若关系词在定从中做主语或宾语，需用which或that引导相应的定从Do you still remember the days _we spent together in school?Do you remember the farm _we visited last year？ Do you remember the farm _we worked last year?(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级，theonly，the very，the last ,the same修饰时，用 that The first English novel that I read was Tom Sawyer. This is one of the most exciting football games that have ever seen. (3) 先行词既指人，又指物，作主或宾语 (作宾可省）只能用 thatThey talked about the teachers and things (that) they remembered in the school.做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分4. After graduation she reached a point in her career_ she needed to decide what to do. (07Jxi)A. which B. where C. that D. when5. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _othervisitors seldom go. (02 Beijing) A. what B. which C. where D. when 6. I walked in our garden; _Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (05Liaoning)A. which B. when C. where D. that3) 定从中关代或关副的选用取决于先行词在定从中所充当的句子成分1)Is this museum _you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 2)Is this the museum _the exhibition was held?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one3)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A where B who C which D what4)The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which 考点一、where 的用法1.如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 或in which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。eg Ive come to the point where I cant stand himThe country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.1. We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /考点二、when 的用法1. It was October_we met in Shanghai for the first time.2. It was in October_we met in Shanghai for the first time.A. that B. which C. when D. while3. I will never forget the days _ I spent with your family.注:当表示时间的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,不能用when考点三：介词+关系词1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.3. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.4. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar with.5. I recognized the boss _company my sister was working. 考点四：as的用法asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the driving test; _ surprised everybody in the office. 4