中国及希腊创世神话讲座(英文).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,西方文化素质专题讲座,之,Greek Mythology(2),lvchenming,Creation Myths,How was the world created?,Chinese Myths,Greek Myths,Genesis,A Chinese Creation Myth,盘古开天地,盘古开天地,Pangu and the Creation of the World,In the beginning there was darkness everywhere,and Chaos ruled.,Within the darkness there formed an egg,and inside the egg the giant Pangu came into being.Pangu slept and grew safely inside the egg.When he had grown to gigantic size he stretched his huge limbs and in so doing broke the egg.,Pangu,and the Creation of the World,The lighter parts of the egg floated upwards to form the heavens and the denser parts sank downwards,to become the earth.And so was formed,earth and sky,Yin and Yang.,Pangu,saw what had happened and he was pleased.But he feared that heaven and earth might meld together again,so he placed himself between them,his head holding up the sky and his feet firmly upon the earth.,Pangu continued to grow at a rate of ten feet a day for 18,000 years,so increasing the distance between heaven and earth,until they seemed fixed and secure,30,000 miles apart.Now exhausted,Pangu went back to sleep and never woke up.,Pangu,and the Creation of the World,Pangu died,and,his body went to make the world and all its elements,.The wind and clouds were formed from his breath,his voice was thunder and lightning,his eyes became the sun and moon,his arms and legs became the four directions of the compass and his trunk became the mountains.His flesh turned into the soil and the trees that grow on it,his blood into the rivers that flow and his veins into paths men travel.,His body hair became the grass and herbs,and his skin the same,while precious stones and minerals were formed from his bones and teeth.His sweat became the dew and the hair of his head became the stars that trail throughout heaven.As for the parasites,（,精灵）,on his body,these became the divers races of humankind,（,鸟兽鱼虫）,.,Pangu,and the Creation of the World,N,Wa,:the Creator of Human Beings,The Chinese legend shows that,Nwa,was the creator of human beings.In the remote ancient time,the earth was a beautiful place with blossoming trees and flowers,and full of animals,birds,fish and all living creatures.However,Nwa,still felt lonely everyday and she then decided to create humans.,N,Wa,:the Creator of Human Beings,Nwa,then bent down and took up a handful of earth,mixed it with water and molded a figure in her likeness.She was so pleased with her creation that she went on making more figures both men and women.These humans were very smart since they were individually crafted.,Nwa,then became bored of individually making every human,so she started putting a rope in the water bed and letting the drops of mud that fell from it become new humans.These small drops became new humans,but they were not as smart as the previous creation.,N,Wa,:,Filling the Fragmented Sky,Another legend tells how she patched up the sky,which is better known among Chinese people.Gong,Gong,was the God of Water,while Zhu,Rong,was the God of Fire,who were in battle.They fought all the way from heaven to earth,causing turmoil everywhere.Eventually,the God of Fire won,and in anger the God of Water struck his head against,Buzhou,Mountain(a mythical peak supposed to be northwest of the Kunlun range in southern Xinjiang).,The mountain collapsed down and became the big pillar that held heaven from earth.Half the sky fell in,leaving a big black hole.The earth cracked open,forests went up in flames,floodwaters sprouted from beneath the earth and dragons,snakes and fierce animals leaped out at the people.Many people were drowned and more were burned or devoured.It was an unprecedented disaster.,What is Genesis?,Meanings:,“birth”,“creation”,“cause”,“beginning”,“source”,“origin”,The garden of Eden,The first man:Adam,made of dust,The first woman:Eve,made of Adams bone,“This at last is bone of my bones,and flesh of my flesh;this one should be called woman”,Gods warning:“you may freely eat of every tree of the garden,but the tree of knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat”.,Why did God forbid them to have the fruits on the tree of knowledge?,Gods punishment,Punishment to the serpent;the symbolic meaning of serpents in western culture,Punishment to Eve:pain in childbearing;ruled by husband,Punishment to Adam:toil,labor;“you are dust,and to dust you shall return.”,Cain killed his brother,Adam and Eve gave birth to Cain and Abel;,In jealousy Cain killed Abel,his younger brother;,Gods punishment:banishment,驱逐,Not a good beginning!,More wickedness,People began to multiply,but their sins also multiplied;,They stole,fought,murdered,raped,a total mess;,It was necessary to begin all over again.,God decided to re-establish order.,Noah pleased God,Noah was the only righteous man.He was favored by God.,God told Noah to build a ship,reserving a pair of each of all creatures,together with his family on the ship.,The Deluge,大洪水,Then there was the Deluge:raining for 40 days and nights!The waters swelled on the earth for 150 days.,Only creatures on Noahs Ark survived.,Noahs Ark,Gods covenant,盟约,with Noah,Noah built an altar to God,and presented sacrifices.God decided not to destroy the world any more.,God blessed Noah and his sons.,Rainbow:the symbol of Gods covenant with Noahs descendants.,The creation of the world,Creation,Man,as a noble animal,was created after the forming of Earth,Air,and Water by Prometheus and his brother,Epimetheus,who lived on the earth.,He took the heavenly earth and made man in the image of the gods.,He gave man an upright stature to gaze on the stars.,Creation,He lighted his torch at the chariot of the sun and brought down fire to man.,Zeus swore revenge.,He ordered to make a clay woman and offered her all gifts.,Pandora,the most beautiful ever,was created and sent to,Epimetheus,as gift.,Prometheus,Prometheus gave humanity the gift of fire.For this transgression against the god Zeus,Prometheus was chained to a rock,where an eagle continually preyed on his liver.,Story of Pandora,Pandora Opens the Box,Pandora,Pandora was the first woman on earth.The gods bestowed many gifts on her,including a mysterious box that they instructed her never to open.However,temptation overcame Pandora and she opened it,releasing many plagues and sorrows into the world.,Reading Pandora,Different accounts of the jar,All good things flew back to heaven,only Hope was caught,Both good and evil,Hope the last one to fly out before the jar was shut,All evils in the jar flew out to attack humans,only hope remains,Question:How do you understand Pandora as the first woman?,The first woman,Greek Eve,The all-gifted nature of woman,The root of all evils,The symbol of extravagance and ill-nature,The being with curiosity,A complementary curse and blessing for men,Five Ages of Man,Golden Age,Silver Age,Bronze Age,Bronze Age or Age of Heroes,Iron Age,Golden Age(3000 B.C.-?),Prometheus fashioned men with earth and water a golden race of mortal men,Cronus as the ruler,but without laws,Heaven-like free life,Everlasting youth,peaceful death,Spirits as protectors and helpers of later generations,Silver Age(?-1900B.C.),the first race created by the Olympians,Less noble than the golden race,A child was brought up at his good mothers side a hundred years happily,but only a short times adult life,Often in sorrow for sinning and wronging,Ungrateful to the creators,Bronze Age(1900-1250B.C.),created by Zeus alone,reputedly from ash trees,ate bread as well as flesh,bronze houses,bronze armors,and bronze tools of weapons,great warriors pursuing brutal,violent conflicts,spirits went down to Hell,Heroic Age(1250-1100B.C.),Children out of gods or goddesses union with mortals;semi-gods,A nobler race,“better and more just”than the preceding or succeeding generation,Heores who fought at Troy or Thebes,Iron Age(1100-600B.C.),all evils and corruption,injustice and strives,toil for survival and suffer endless misery,spirits condemned,The great flood,Zeus wanted to destroy the whole inhabitants of the earth,and provide a new race who would be better worshipers of the gods.,Recreation of Man,Delucalion,丢卡利翁,son of Prometheus,Pyrrha,皮拉,daughter of,Epimetheus,An ark,，,Temple,The oracle said,“Depart from the temple with head veiled and garments unbound,and cast behind you the bones of your mother.”,The stones,thank you,