商务信函的翻译.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第二章涉外商务信函的翻译,第二节 商务信函的文体特点及其翻译,1,商务信函的文体特点,1,1,用词规范正式,1,2,表意准确、专业性强,1,3,用语朴素、淡于修饰,2,商务信函的翻译要点,2,1,商务英语信函翻译的原则,2,2,商务英语信函翻译的注意事项,1,商务信函的文体特点,1,1,词汇使用特点,1,1,1,用词规范正式,（,1,）商务英语信函经常以意义相同或相近的书面词语代替基本词汇和口语词汇，如以,inform,或,advise,代替,tell,，以,duplicate,代替,copy,，以,dispatch,代替,send,，以,otherwise,代替,or,；以介词短语代替简单的介词，如以,as for,，,in respect to,，,in connection with,和,with regarding to,等代替,about,等。,例如：,We are pleased to advise you that your order NO.105 has been dispatched in accordance with your instruction.,我们很高兴地通知你们：第,105,号订单货物已遵照你方指示运出。,1,1,1,用词规范正式,We will meet you half way by offering a discount of 5%in view of our long pleasant relations.,鉴于我们之间长期愉快的业务关系，本公司将酌情考虑给予,5%,的折扣。,（,2,）商务信函中还经常使用,here/there+,介词构成的复合词，如,hereafter,，,hereby,，,hereunder,，,hereto,，,hereinafter,，,herewith,，,thereafter,，,therein,，,therefrom,等。,例如：,All offers and sales are subject to the terms and conditions printed on the reverse side hereof.,In such a case,Seller is bound to reimburse buyer for any loss or damage sustained,therefrom,.,All offers and sales are subject to the terms and conditions printed on the reverse side hereof.,所有报盘和销售均应遵守本报价单背面所印的条款。,In such a case,Seller is bound to reimburse buyer for any loss or damage sustained,therefrom,.,在次情况下，卖方负责偿还买方由此所遭受的损失。,1,1,2,表意准确、专业性强,商务信函用词表意准确、专业性强，主要表现在使用大量的专业术语、行话、外来词、缩略语以及一般词语在商务英语语境中的特殊用法。,（,1,）专业术语类：,Trimming charges,平仓费,insurance policy,保险单,coverage,保险项目,establishment,开证,counter-suggestion,反还盘,surcharges,附加费,pro forma invoice,premium,clearance sale,underwriter,保险人,L/C,CIF,FOB,bid,C.B.D.,counter-offer,irrevocable letter of credit,pro forma invoice,形式发票,premium,保险费,clearance sale,清仓削价销售,underwriter,保险人,L/C,信用证,CIF,到岸价格,FOB,离岸价格,bid,递盘,C.B.D.,付现提货,counter-offer,还盘,irrevocable letter of credit,不可撤消信用证,1,1,2,表意准确、专业性强,例如：,We shall cover,TPND,on your order.,我们将为你方的货物,投保盗窃和提货不着险,。,It would be appreciated if you would let us know by returning your lowest possible price for the following goods on,FOB London,.,请报下列商品伦敦,船上交货,之最低价。,（,2,）外来词类：,拉丁语的,status quo,（现状），意大利语的,del,credere,（保付货价的），汉语中的,litchi,（荔枝），,tungoil,（桐油），,mango,（芒果）等。,（,3,）行话：长期的函电交往使人们在使用术语上形成共识，本来意义差异很大的词汇在特定的语境中所表达的内涵和外延却非常相似。,Offer,quotation,表示“报价，发盘”,Pamphlet,brochure,booklet,sales literature,表示商家用于宣传介绍自己公司或产品的“说明材料”,Shipment,和,consignment,表示“所发出的货物”,Financial standing/reputation/condition/position,用于表示公司的“资信财务情况”,Fulfill/complete/execute an order,用于表示“执行订单”,A draft contract,或,a specimen contract,表示“合同样本”,1,1,2,表意准确、专业性强,（,4,）商务信函准确性主要体现在数量词的大量运用。商务信函中的时间，价格，数量，金额，规格等问题贯穿商贸活动始终，数字的表达应言之确凿，避免摸棱两可。,例如：,The vender shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.,卖方须于,6,月,15,日或之前将货物交给买方。,The market here for this product is active,and the best price we can offer is US$150 or over per long ton.,该产品在本地的销售看好，我方出价可达每长吨,150,美元或以上。,1,1,3,用语朴素、淡于修饰,商贸信函的主要功能是传递信息，使收、发信函双方发生贸易往来、达成交易，因此除了必须使用专业术语等手段准确传达自己的信息意图外，还要求信函语言明白易懂，朴实平易。,例如：,Dear Sirs,Thank you for your interest in our fireworks.,In reply to your enquiry of November 15,we are really sorry to say,that we cannot divulge any of our sales information.We hope this will not bring you too much inconvenience.,Yours truly,敬启者：,承蒙贵方对我们的烟花感兴趣，十分感谢。,兹复贵方,11,月,15,日询价函，我们非常抱歉地奉告，我们不泄露我方任何销售情况。我们希望这不会给贵方带来很多不便。,敬上,2,商务信函的翻译要点,2,1,商务英语信函翻译的原则,2,2,商务英语信函翻译的注,意事项,2,1,商务英语信函翻译的原则,准确规范，功能对等,准确不仅指用词用句和语言结构上的准确，还包括对信函内容的准确把握；规范指译文必须符合本行业的专业规范,（,1,）要准确理解各种术语、外来词汇、套语和习惯表达的专业含义和固定译 法，尽量保留原文风格，译成符合汉语商务语言规范的术语或套语。,Full information as to prices,quality,quantity available and other relative particulars would be appreciated.,请详告价格、质量、可供数量和其他有关情况。,We are looking forward to a favorable reply.,静候贵方佳音。,Would you let us know,your terms of payment?,能否告知贵方付款条件？,We should be grateful/pleased,if you would give us further details of Chinese leather shoes.,如能告知中国皮鞋的详情，将不胜感激。,Please inform us,how soon you can make delivery.,请告知何时能交货。,2,1,商务英语信函翻译的原则,准确规范，功能对等,（,2,）了解词汇的特定含义,Discharge,可做名词或动词，一般为“卸货”，但要分场合。,Routine duties of the Joint Venture Company are to be discharged by the general manager appointed by the Board of Directors.,Party A agrees that the expiration of this license shall not discharge party B from its obligation.,Routine duties of the Joint Venture Company are to be discharged by the general manager appointed by the Board of Directors.,董事会任命的总经理，负责履行合资公司的日常职权。,Party A agrees that the expiration of this license shall not discharge party B from its obligation.,甲方同意在许可证到期时并不免除乙方应尽的义务。,2,1,商务英语信函翻译的原则,准确规范，功能对等,Commission,做名词，但有两个意思，“,佣金,”或“,委员会,”,Please let us have your quotation in USD on the basis of CIF Port Shanghai including our 5%,commission.,请用美元报上海港到岸价，包括我方,5%,的,佣金,。,The decision made by the Arbitration Commission shall be regarded as final and binding on both parties.,仲裁,委员会,所作的决定应视为终局决定，对双方都有约束力。,（,3,）要正确理解原文结构，理清全文的句法结构和逻辑关系。,The goods we received contrary to our instructions are packed in wooden cases without iron hoops.,收到的货物是包装在没有铁箍的木箱里，而这种包装和我们的指示不符。,2,2,商务英语信函翻译的注意事项,（,1,）商务信函大都以传递信息的功能为主，较少运用修辞手段，一般不存在语言与文化的差异，在翻译时无须作太多变动，多数情况下可按原句结构直译。,I have pleasure in apprising you that,under the auspices of several highly respected and influential houses here,I have commenced business as a shipping and assurance broker and general agent.,我十分高兴地通知您，在本地几家有名望、有影响力的公司的支持下，我做起了运输与保险经纪以及总代理的生意。,2,2,商务英语信函翻译的注意事项,（,2,）由于商务英语信函重在纪实，因此要求译文不求虚饰但求简洁、严谨、准确。确保术语、缩略语、具有商务术语性质的词语以及商务套语翻译的规范性和准确性，就要采用对应的汉语术语翻译原文中的商贸术语。,原文中的一般性叙述，在翻译时应当采用简明、易懂的汉语加以传译，保留原文的简洁流畅与易懂性。此外，还须确保事实细节（如日期、数量、金额等）等的准确翻译，不得疏漏。,The market here for this product is active,and the best price we can offer is US$150 or over per long ton.,该产品在本地销售看好，我方出价可达每长吨,150,美元或以上。,If you can accept$275 and send us a pro forma invoice,we will open a letter of credit for 1,000 sets.,如果贵方能够接受,275,美元的价格并寄送形式发票，我方即开立,1,，,000,套的信用证。,2,2,商务英语信函翻译的注意事项,（,3,）翻译时应注意保留原文的文体正式性和委婉礼貌性，对原文情态、礼貌程度、语气和态度应当仔细分析、整体把握并在译文中充分再现。,（,4,）汉语商务信函用语和行文都讲究郑重，常用文言词语，套语亦多。常用的信函词语包括“收悉、承蒙、乞谅、见告、为盼、赐复”等，这些词现在都还可以使用。,（,5,）在实际工作中，商务信函翻译者往往并不要求将信函全译，而只是摘译。摘译信函时需注意以下要领：,a.,摘译之前必须通读全文，弄清信件中的所有事实。翻译之前还应当通读在此以前的有关此事的相关往返信函，并应特别注意时间顺序，力求理清事件的来龙去脉，这是能做到准确摘译的先决事件。千万不要任意猜测，不清楚时，应多请教承办过此事的相关人员。,b.,摘译应包括信中所有主要事实的梗概，包括时间、地点、条件等。摘译有很大的伸缩性，其内容取决于材料使用者的要求。最简略的摘译是函件摘要，往往要求只用一两句话概述来函意图或涉及何事、有何要求或建议等。,c.,如函件使用者要求了解较多的具体情况，则可将信中最重要（一般说来也就是最具体的）语句加以摘译。,d.,摘译公函不必拘泥于原文词句的形式，但必须做到不仅在事实上符合原件内容，而且在语气上也不失分寸。,