写作-第二讲.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,In-Class Assignment,：,Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holidays.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:,1.长假给大学生带来的好处,2.长假可能给大学生带来的问题,3.我应当怎样利用好长假,【,范文,】,Long Holidays,Generally speaking,long holidays are good for us college students.On the one hand,we have a lot of time to study by ourselves and thus improve weaknesses and further develop strengths.On the other hand,we can take part-time jobs,which can make us realize responsibility and make ourselves better prepared for social life.,But every coin has two sides.Some students fail to make good use of their time and they are addicted to various computer games.I am afraid that they are likely to ruin themselves in this way.,As far as I am concerned,I will try to make the best use of my precious time.I will spend most of my holidays studying English for that I am very poor at it.In addition,I will take a part-time job as,a private,teacher.By this means,I can earn some money and put my knowledge into practice as well.,CET,B,and-4,W,riting,四级英语写作类型,四级英语写作类型,最近几年的四六级作文以说明文和议论文为主,说明文如：,How to Succeed in a Job Interview,（,2000,，,12,，,四级）,How I Finance My College Education,（,2000,，,1,四级）,Practice Makes Perfect,，,Haste Makes Waste,（,97,，,1,六级）议论文如：,Dont Hesitate to Say NO,（,99,1,四级和六级）,Can Money Buy Happiness,（,95,，,1,四级）,Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary,？（,2000,，,6,四级）,Reading Selectively or Extensively?(99,，,6,六级)，,Do Lucky Numbers Really Bring Good Luck?(98,6,四级和六级),四级改革和写作变化,2005年1月的作文题目,是,要求学生以导游的身份写一篇演讲稿,，不仅包含欢迎辞(表态)行程安排，(,说明,)，而且包含安排的理由(,说理,)。,2005年6月作文题目是校园文化旅游,，要求学生就此阐述不同的观点。,2006年1月是个竞选演说，,如果我当选学生会主席，我会给大家做点什么事情(,说明,)。,2006年6月17日的四级考试则是一个海报,，要求考生构想一个招募志愿者的海报，其中包括应聘人必备的资历和应准备的材料等(,说明,)。,2006年6月24日新题型的作文是传统的,（,议论文,）,形式,，讨论大学生选择任课老师相关的问题。,2007年1月作文也是传统的,（,议论文,）,形式,，探讨对春节晚会所持的不同观点。,2007年6月份是欢迎同学加入俱乐部的海报(,应用文,),。,2007年,12,月份是关于选修课的话题(,议论,文,),。,2008年6月是有关娱乐活动的话题,(,议论,文,),。,2008年12月是有关一次性塑料袋的话题（,议论,文,）,。,从上面的题目变化趋势看，,描述现象,、,分析原因,、,个人看法,仍是四、六级考试写作部分主要考查的重点，,所以,，英语写作辅导的主要突破口应集中在,说明文,、,议论文,和,应用文,上。,说明文写作,各种文体的写作模式,说明文,说明文解释和探讨各种现象和各种问题，如某些社会问题产生的原因、过程、结果和影响，以及解决这一问题的方法,等。,必须,做到,说理清楚，举例充分，条理明晰，具有一定的逻辑性,。,描述类说明文,A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction,Good morning,everyone.Welcome to,Nanjing,.My name is Wang Lin,and you may just call me Wang,for short,.I am your tour guide for today.I am very happy to spend the whole day with you visiting the different,places of interests,.I hope you will have a good time and,enjoy,your stay in this city.,Here is the arrangement for today.,We will,set off,by coach at 8:30.,Our first stop,is,Zhonghua,Gate,which was the south gate of the inner city in the ancient times.,At about 10:00,we will arrive at the Memorial Park to Sun,Zhong-shan,.,Lunch is served at 12:00.,In the afternoon,we will visit another interesting place:the Great Bridge of the,Yangzi,river.,The most interesting place you will see today is the Memorial Park to Sun,Zhong-shan,the founding father of the modern China.,It is located in the east suburb of,Nanjing,on the southern side of the Purple Stone Mountain.The most important part of the park is of course the Memorial Hall.It,occupies,a very high position on the mountain slope.To reach there,the visitors will have to,climb up,hundreds of steps.Most of them are,out of breath,by time they get to the hall but they are still,in high spirits,.,对比类说明文,Bicycles in China,Directions:Write a composition on the topic Bicycles in China.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline below:,1.Popularity of bicycles in China,2.Compared with cars,what advantages do bicycles have?,3.Problems caused by bicycles and their prospects in China.,Bicycle in China,Bicycles have become more and more popular in China.People ride bicycles to their work places,to schools,to shopping centers,and so on.During,the rush hour,you can often see,a boiling sea of bicycles,running here and there.With the largest number of bicycle riders in the world,China is often,referred to as,the kingdom of bicycles.,Compared with,cars,bicycles have many advantages.,Firstly,they are,handy and convenient,.Although a bicycle runs much more slowly than a car,it can carry you to anywhere you like in city and town and does not need a large parking place.,Secondly,it is not so expensive as a car,and therefore every family can afford to buy and repair it.,Thirdly,the car causes air pollution but the bicycle does not.,Besides,it,does good to your health,if you ride it regularly.,However,bicycles have also brought some problems.,For example,they have made the streets very crowded and caused many accidents.,For another,some riders park their bicycles,at will,which leaves a city,in disorder,.,Nevertheless,as long as these problems are taken care of by the local authorities,bicycles will continue to be widely used in China.,图表类说明文,图表作文,1),仔细阅读题目要求及图表标题,弄清题意,2),观察图表,理清信息层次,3),紧扣图表信息,突出主题思想,4),措辞简明扼要,文章结构紧凑,表格,(,具体,精确,),条形码图,(,直观,形象,),饼图,曲线图,(,观察垂直轴和水平轴,),图片题,(,注意标题和各幅图片之间的关系,),议论文写作,议论文写作要求,论点应有争议性,证据要充足,逻辑性要强,态度应诚实友善,论点应有争议性,不能仅仅是对事实的表述，不能是个人偏好，有,可议论或辩论的余地,The book is my favorite.,The book is the most famous one of the 20th,century,.,Television is very important.,Television plays an educational role in our daily life.,To improve English proficiency,one needs to acquire some skills.,To improve English proficiency,one needs to acquire some reading skills.,I dont teach because teaching is not easy for me.,Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living.,证据要充足,事例,确凿的证据,统计数据或结果,权威性引证,*,要与论点紧密相关,态度应诚实友善,*,不应夸张或轻描淡写，以及过分的使用：,maybe,sometimes,most often,nearly always,I think,in my opinion,逻辑性要强,归纳推理,演绎推理,辩证推理,分析推理,*,论据英语结论相吻合，论据间应紧密相,连，避免逻辑谬误。,议论文篇章结构,首段：,确定论题，简要解释双方的讨论，介绍本文所支持的观点,论证段落：,（至少两段）集中用论据有逻辑性地讨论并证明论点的准确性,结论段,：,重述本文论点（可稍有不同），并证明其正确性。文章可以以警告、预言、评价或建议作为结束,书信写作,书信,1),信头,2),收信人姓名和地址,3),称呼,4),正文,a.,引言,:,说明作者的身份和写信的目的,b.,主体,:,具体说明写信的内容,包括请求,想法等,c.,结语,:,向对方表示谢意或致意,5),结尾客套语,6),署名,Heading,（写信人地址及写信日期）,Inside address,（收信姓名及地址）,Salutation,（称呼）,Body,（正文）,_,_,_,Complimentary(,结束语,),Signature,（署名）,Postscript,（附加语）,Enclosure,（附件）,Directions,：,For this part,，,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus,You should write at least 100words,，,and base your composition on the outline,（,given in Chinese,）,below,：,假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。,April 6,th,2007,Dear Mr.,President,，,I am a student of computer science in our university,I am writing this letter to you to show about the canteen service on campus on behalf of some students of our department,Firstly,，,we feel we need more varieties of foods served to the students,，,which means every student can get the food that he thinks suitable for his taste and his pocket-money allowance,Secondly,，,we find it essential to elongate the opening hours of the canteen,A student from a class that ends at 12,：,00 noon may reach the canteen no sooner than,13,：,00,However,，,the fact is that the canteen is closed when he gets there,Thirdly,，,we are greatly concerned with the dining environment,We feel that student diners are entitled to a better dining environment than what they are having now,We do hope that the university authority will look into the problems and solve them,Yours Sincerely,，,Li,Ming,