高考英语动词时态语态复习.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,English,Basic,Tenses(,时态,),他昨天,来,了,.,他已经,来,了,.,他明天,来,.,汉语借助,词汇手段,而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过,谓语动词时态变化,来表现,.,任何句子都要先注意,时态,.,He,came,yesterday.,He,has come,.,He,will come,tomorrow.,一般过去时,(The Simple Past Tense),一般现在时,(The Simple Present tense,一般将来时,(The Simple Future Tense),现在进行时,(The Present Continuous Tense),过去进行时,(The Past Continuous Tense),现在完成时,(The Present Perfect Tense),过去完成时,(The Past Perfect Tense),过去将来时,(The,Simple Past,Future,Tense,),How did you spend your childhood?,(3 sentences or more,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化,),Example:,I _(spend)my childhood happily with my old friends.We always _(play),football,and basketball,together,and we _(not)have so much homework to do as now.We _(be)happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,一般过去时,(The Simple Past Tense),1.,结构,:,谓动用动词过去式,2.,用法,:,在,过去时间里所发生,的动作或存在的状态。,常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如,yesterday,last week,an hour ago,in 1982,等。,How is your daily life as a high school student?,(3 sentences or more,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化,),二,.,一般现在时,(The Present Indefinite),1.,结构,:,主语为,第三人称单数,谓动要变化,其余人称用原形,.,I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates,but sometimes I miss my families.,2.,用法,:,1),经常性或习惯性,的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如,often/usually,every,sometimes,at,on Sunday,。,2),表示不受时间限制的,科学事实或客观真理,。,The earth moves around the sun.,3),表示已,安排或计划好将来必定会发生,的动作或存在的状态,一般用于,be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return,等动词中，常与时间状语连用如：,The meeting,starts,at 2:00 p.m.,Dad said to me,“I will buy a computer for you if you can pass the exam.”,Dad told me(that)he _ (buy)a computer for me if I could pass the exam.,would,buy,.,过去将来时,(The past future simple Tense),1.,用法,:,过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中,.,2.,结构,:,Should/would+,动词原形,The boy promised he,would work,hard.,I told my parents,I should,return early.,2).,其他形式,was(were)going to,was(were)to +,动词原形,was(were)about to,犹如,picture,How will you spend your,Spring Festival,holiday?,I will,Im going to,三,.,一般将来时,(The Simple Future Tense),will/be going to do,2.,be+to do,，按,计划或正式安排,将发生的事。,We,are to have,an exam this week.,3.,be about to do,表示,马上做某事,不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用,.,He,is about to leave,for Beijing.,What are they doing now?,They are having a class.,四,.,现在进行时,(The Present Continuous Tense),2.,用法：,1),表示,现在,(,指说话时,),正在发生,的事情。,We,are having,English class now.,2),表示,目前这段时间内,正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。,She,is learning,piano under Mr.Smith.,1.,结构,:be(am,are,is)+doing,3),现在进行时用来表示,按计划即将发生的,动作,多用于表示,移动,的动词,如,:come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay.,I,m leaving,tomorrow.,Are,you,staying,here till next week?,On August 8,2008,the 29th,Olimpic,Games was opening in Beijing.,What were you doing on that day?,五,.,过去进行时,(The Past Continuous Tense),1.,结构：,was/were+doing,2.,用法,:,表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。,常用的时间状语,at ten yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,English,boring or funny?,Q1:How old were you when you first started learning English?,Q2:How long have you learnt English?,A:We have learnt English for many years since we were 6 years old.,六,.,现在完成时,(The present Perfect Tense),1.,结构,:,have(has)+,过去分词,2.,用法,:,1).,现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延,续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词,.,常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如,:so far,up to now,recently,in the past 6 years,since,for,等等,I have lived in,Zhuhai,for 3 years.,2).,表示发生在过去的某一动作,对现在造成的影响,或结果,常用的时间状语有,:just,already,yet,ever,never,once,等等,.,We have finished our lunch already.,Have you ever tried this method?,比较一般过去时与现在完成时,1).,一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响,；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态,一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响,。,My family lived in,Zhuhai,ten years ago.,（现在不在了,),My family have lived in,Zhuhai,for 10 years.,(,目前还在珠海,),2).,过去时常,与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用,，而现在完成时通常与,不确定的,或,包括现在在内,的时间状语连用，或无时间状语,.,I studied in,Zhongshan,university in 2000.,(2000,年表示具体的过去时间）,I have studied in,Zhongshan,university since 2000.,(since 2000,表示从,2000,年至今,包括现在在内,),I have just bought an apartment,.(just,表示不确定的时间状语）,注意：,非延续性动词的,否定形式,可以与表示延续时间,的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续,的。,I have received his letter for a month.,（错）,I havent received his letter for almost a month.,（对）,比较,since,和,for,since+,时间点,用来说明动作起始时间,for+,时间段,用来说明动作延续时间长度。,I have lived here,for more than twenty years.,I have lived here,since I was born.,七,.,过去完成时,(The past perfect Tense),结构,:had+,过去分词,概念：表示过去的过去,-|-|-|-,过去之前 过去现在将来,You,graduated(,毕业,)from,Junior Middle School in,July 2009.,You,had stayed there for,3 years,when,you,graduated.,When the police arrived,the thieves _(run away).,When I came into the classroom,my dear students _(begin)reading.,had run away,had begun,Exercises,I usually _ up at 6:00,but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30.(get),Listen!Someone _(knock)at the door.,I _(be)in Beijing for two years.,How often _ Andy _(surf)the internet?,He fell asleep while he _(read)a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6.I _ never _(hear)of that man before.,7.My brother often _(go)for walks last summer.,8.Lily said she _(put)on the new dress the next day.,9._ the story _(happen)in London in 1949?,10.What _ his mother _(do)when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would,Did,happen,was,doing,11.If it _(not rain)tomorrow,they _(go)fishing.,12._ your mother _ the piano every Sunday?,13.They _(not)call you the day after tomorrow.,14.Tom _(work)there since two years ago.,15.By the time I _(walk)into the classroom,the teacher _(start)teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny,Jenny _(be)a foreign girl.She _(come)from the United States.Look,she _(draw)pictures in the living room.,Two years ago,her parents _(move)to China.Jenny _(not have)any friends,so she _(feel)lonely.But now,she _(have)many Chinese friends and _(study)with them everyday.Jenny _(visit)her grandparents in the United States next month.,is,comes,is drawing,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,an empty street an empty housea hole inside heartI,m,all alone and the rooms,are getting,smallerI wonder how i wonder whyI,wonder,where they arethe days we,had,the songs we,sang,togetherand oh!my love,Im holding on foreverreaching for a lovethat seems so farso i say a litter prayerno my dream,will take,me therewhere the skies are blue to see youonce again my love,One good turn deserves another,I _(have)dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.Tony _(work)in a lawyers office years ago,but he _(work)at a bank now.He _(get)a good salary,but he always _(borrow)money from his friends and never _(pay)it back.Tony _(see)me and _(come)and _(sit)at the same table.He _ never _(borrow)money from me.While he _(eat),I _(ask)him to lend me twenty pounds.To my surprise,he _(,give)me,the money immediately.I have never borrowed any money from you,Tony said,so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,动词的语态,(voice),动词的语态,语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；,主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。,We watched,a film,last night.,I drink,milk,everyday.,A film,_.,Milk,_.,Summary,(,总结,):is/was+done(,p.p,),P,resent/past simple(,一般现在,/,过去时,),was watched by us last night,is drunk by me everyday,Will/would be done,新电脑下周将投入使用。,The new computers will be used next week.,妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。,My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.,P,resent/past future(,一般将来时,/,过去将来时,),am/is/are being done,was/were being done,中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。,The National Opera Building is being built at present.,P,resent/past progressive(,现在进行时,/,过去进行时,),has/have been done,had been done,这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。,The problem has been well solved.,昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。,The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket last night.,P,resent/past perfect(,现在完成时,/,过去完成时,),不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态,比较：,rise,是不及物动词；,raise,是及物动词。,The price has been risen.,The price has risen.,The price has raised.,The price has been raised.,The accident was happened last week.,The accident happened last week.,(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。,一般现在时,:be(am/are/is)+p.p.(,过去分词,),一般过去时,:be(was/were)+p.p.,一般将来时,:will be+p.p.,过去将来时,:would be+p.p.,现在进行时,:be(am/are/is)+being+p.p.,过去进行时,:be(was/were)+being+p.p.,现在完成时,:have/has+been+p.p.,过去完成时,:had+been+p.p.,Challenge yourself!,1,、对於这个问题，关注很少。,Little attention,was paid,to this problem.,2,、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。,Group discussion,should be encouraged,in class.,3,、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。,It is reported that a new road,will be built,here,.,4,、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。,Measures,should be taken,to stop the river from being polluted.,