基础写作1.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,WRITING SKILLS,YOU ARE WELCOME!,一、,高考考纲中对基础写作的要求,第一节：基础写作（共,1,小题，满分,15,分）,写作内容,假如你叫吴泽,是广州市某中学学生,.,最近你校在为一批来自英国的学生征寻住宿家庭,你想要申请,.,请根据下表提供的信息用英语给校长写一封信,说明你申请的理由,.,Dear sir,Im writing to request a valuable chance,_,_,I would greatly appreciate it if I have the chance to make friends with them.,申请理由,住房条件,宽敞,整洁,环境优美,语言优势,擅长英语,父母是英语教授,不会有交流困难,接待经验,上个月刚刚接待过两名美国学生,参观游览,父亲可驾车陪同参观附近的名胜,其他优势,母亲做的饭菜,外国学生喜欢吃,写作要求,1,、开头和结尾已给出,;,2,、必须使用,5,个句子,表达,全部,的内容,;,3,、将,5,个句子组织成连贯的短文,.,评分标准,1,、句子结构的,复杂度,和,准确度；,2,、短文内容的,完整性,和,连贯性,。,二、基础写作的解题思路及步骤,1,、,认真审题，明确要求。,审题时要注意以下几点：,1,）,确定短文的,主题和格式,；,主题：申请理由,格式：书信（本文不用考虑）,；,2,）,短文必须包括,全部信息内容,，不能遗漏任何一点；,3,）,确定短文的,人称和时态,。,人称：第一和第二人称,时态：一般现在时和将来时,4,）,写出的短文必须是,5,个句子，不能多也不能少,5,）,必须是,连贯,的短文，而且要求句子结构,准确,、,复杂,；,2,、划分信息块，列出写作要点，明确写作的先后次序。,根据信息内容，本文可划分成,5,个信息块，即是写作的要点，按顺序可列为以下,5,点：,1,）提出申请；,2,）申请理由：,住房条件：宽敞，整洁，环境优美,3,）申请理由：,语言优势,4,）申请理由：,参观游览：父亲可驾车陪同参观,）申请理由：,接待经验和其他优势,3,、依据写作要点，草拟提纲。,要点,1,：,the host family the British students,要点,2,：,a large and clean house,in a beautiful area of the city,要点,3,：,good at English,parents,professors of English,have no difficulty in communicating with,要点,4,：,father,excellent driver,show,foreign students around,nearby places of interest,要点,5:,last month,received two American students,enjoyed the food cooked by my mother,注意,：这是组织语言、形成短文的基础步骤。这一步骤的要求是：根据内容提示简单地列出提纲，将所需要的语言材料准备好。可以只列出主要的词、词组、短语及句型，暂不考虑动词的时态、语态、人称和数等。,4,、扩展成句，连句成篇。,将上述所列出的词、词组、短语等扩展成句。注意时态、语态的正确运用，并适当使用一些连接成分将所列的语句连成完整的语篇。,1),将要点扩展成句。,1.Im writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the British students.,2.We have a large and clean house.It lies in a beautiful area of the city.,3.Im good at English.My parents are both professors of English.We wont have any difficulty in communicating with English speakers.,4.My father is an excellent driver.Well show foreign students around some nearby places of interest in our own car.,5.Last month we received two American students.They enjoyed delicious food cooked by my mother.,2,）连句成篇,注意根据内容编排，分清层次，确定详略，将写好的单句重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅。,请看下面两篇范文的对比,:,范文,1,Dear sir,Im writing to request a valuable chance,to be one of the host families for the British students.We have a large and clean house.It lies in a beautiful area of the city.Im good at English.My parents are both professors of English.We wont have any difficulty in communicating with English speakers.My father is an excellent driver.Well show foreign students around some nearby places of interest in our own car.Last month we received two American students.They enjoyed delicious food cooked by mother.,I would greatly appreciate it if I have the chance to make friends with them.,范文,2,Dear sir,Im writing to request a valuable chance,to be one of the host families for the British students.We have a large and clean house,which,lies in a beautiful area of the city.Im good at English,and,my parents are both professors of English,so,Im sure we wont have any difficulty in communicating with English speakers.,Besides,my father is an excellent driver,and,well,be glad to,show foreign students around some nearby places of interest in our own car.Last month we received two American students,who,enjoyed the delicious food cooked by mother.,I would greatly appreciate it if I have the chance to make friends with them.,5,、全面检查，避免失误。,主要从以下几方面入手,：,1,）文体格式是否正确。,2,）人称是否符合要求。,3,）有无单词拼写错误。,4,）大小写、标点符号是否有错。,5,）语法是否正确。（句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动 词、单复数、指代词等）,6,）过渡词是否使用自然。,7,）要点是否齐全。,8,）书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁。,三、如何在平时训练中提高写作水平,1,、要熟练掌握英语中的,6,个基本句型，并能够灵活运用在平时的训练中。,1,）主语,+,不及物动词（,+,其它成分）,I studied in,Guangming,Middle School from 2002-2005.,2,）,主语,+,连系动词,+,表语,The new playground is now in front of the school.,3,）主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,In my spare time,I enjoy listening to popular music.,4,）主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,The students gave us a warm welcome.,5,）主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,My mother asked me not to go out at night.,6)There be+,名词,+(,状语,),There is an interesting book on the bookshelf.,2,、注意培养英语语言习惯，摆脱汉语思维，避免中文式英语。,如：,There are a lot of people live in the town.,There are a lot of people living in the town.,Please give me a pen to write.,Please give me a pen to write with.,Good good study,day day up.,If you study hard,you will make progress day by day.,At the year of five,his father died.,When he was five,his father died.,Though we felt tired,but we still went on working.,Though we felt tired,we still went on working.,3,、抓好单句翻译和一句多译的训练。,1,）请将下列句子翻译成英语。,她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。,Her job is to look after children in the nursery.,这个报告听起来很有意思。,The report sounds interesting.,每天下午有许多学生到图书馆借书。,Many students go to the library to borrow books every afternoon.,他们高度赞扬了英雄的事迹。,They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero.,奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。,Grandma told us an interesting story last night.,3,、抓好单句翻译和一句多译的训练。,1,）请将下列句子翻译成英语。,她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。,Her job is to look after children in the nursery.,这个报告听起来很有意思。,The report sounds interesting.,每天下午有许多学生到图书馆借书。,Many students go to the library to borrow books every afternoon.,他们高度赞扬了英雄的事迹。,They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero.,奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。,Grandma told us an interesting story last night.,4,、重视关联词和非谓语动词、从句和特殊句型的训练。,1,）请熟记和用好以下的关联词语：,A,、,表并列：,besides,in addition,whats more,moreover,or,and,also,too,as well as,B,、,表转折：,however,nevertheless,yet,C,、,表原因：,because of,thanks to,owing to,due to,D,、,表结果：,thus,therefore,as a result,E,、,表列举：,namely,for example,for instance,that is to say,F,、,表结论：,to conclude,in a word,in brief,G,、,表时间顺序：,first,second,then,soon,finally,at last,H,、,表空间顺序：,here,there,in front of,at the back of,next to,on one side,on the other side,I,、,表对称关系：,for one thing,for the other thing,on one hand,on the other hand,2,）使用非谓语动词表达，使句子更加生动。,用非谓语动词翻译下列句子：,指着不远处的一位警察，他解释道,Pointing to,a policeman not far away,he explained,他们看见阿福带着我的小妹妹游向岸边。,They saw Ah Fu,swimming,towards the bank,carrying,my little sister.,我父母养了一条狗，名叫阿福。,My parents keep a dog,called,Ah Fu.,凡参加音乐比赛的同学要听歌曲片段，然后猜出处。,The students,taking part in,the contest will listen to part of a song and then guess where it comes from.,3,）使用从句表达，使句子结构更复杂。,请看下列例句：,I noticed,(that)the driver was a young woman and that the plate number was AC864.,You want to know,what is going on in schools in China.,The next moment,the car hit the man,while he was crossing the road.,As we came to the crossroads,a young man and a girl came up and stopped us.,After you enter the park by the main gate,walk straight on till you come to a stream.,Im sure,youll have no trouble finding us.,4,）使用特殊句型，让句子的表达效果更好。,使用强调句型。,Eg,:,It is,English and computer classes,that,I like best.,使用感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情。,Eg,:,How time flies!,使用倒装句，使描写更生动。,Eg,:,Out rushed the children,shortly after class.,with+,名词,+,复合宾语句型，增强文章的感染性。,My brother was riding,with me sitting on the seat behind,.,假设你是李华，你的笔友,Jane,准备暑假来你校参观，想请你介绍一下学校情况。下面是你校的基本信息，请根据以下内容给,Jane,回一封信，并表示欢迎她来参观。,学校名称,广东第三中学,地理位置,离大海约,15,公里的一个小镇上,学校历史,80,多年历史的老学校,师生人数,老师,200,多人，学生,3000,多人，高中学段,校园环境,占地近,15,万平方米，学校很美，有花草，大树，三座教学大楼，,6,座宿舍楼,学习课程,中文、数学、科学、英语、计算机、体育、美术等,写作要求：,(1),必须包括以上全部内容（信的开头和结尾已经写好）；,(2),只能使用,5,个句子。,参考词汇：宿舍楼,dormitory building,Dear Jane,I am very glad to tell you something about our school,Guangdong No.3 Middle School.,_,_,Best wishes to you.,Yours sincerely,Li,Hua,假设你是李华，你的笔友,Jane,准备暑假来你校参观，想请你介绍一下学校情况。下面是你校的基本信息，请根据以下内容给,Jane,回一封信，并表示欢迎她来参观。,学校名称,广东第三中学,地理位置,离大海约,15,公里的一个小镇上,学校历史,80,多年历史的老学校,师生人数,老师,200,多人，学生,3000,多人，高中学段,校园环境,占地近,15,万平方米，学校很美，有花草，大树，三座教学大楼，,6,座宿舍楼,学习课程,中文、数学、科学、英语、计算机、体育、美术等,审题：,文体,记叙文，用第一，三人称,信息组织,名称、位置、历史；师生人数，校园面积；,校园环境；学习课程；邀请,时态,一般现在时,特别注意,1.,邀请的内容不再方框内出现的，不能忽略。,2.,高中学段：可以和人数一起结合起来说,3000,多高中生。,Dear Jane,I am very glad to tell you something about our school,Guangdong No.3 Middle school.It lies in a small town about 15 kilometers away from the sea and it has a history of over 80 years.Our school,covering an area of nearly 150 thousand square meters,has more than 200 teachers and 3000 senior students.It has three teaching buildings and six dormitory buildings,with many flowers and tall trees all around,so its very beautiful.In our school we learn Chinese,Maths,Science,English,Computer,PE,Arts and some other subjects.,you are warmly welcome to visit our school in the summer holidays.,Best wishes.,Yours sincerely,Li,Hua,