2015中考英语语法知识手册--第12讲-主谓一致.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第,12,讲,主谓一致,knows,is,has,are,is,一、用所给单词的适当形式填空,1,No one_(know)the answer to the question.,2,Most of the drinking water_(be)from the Red,River.,3,Either you or he_(have)made a wrong decision.,4,The class_(be)spending the weekend together.,5,Bread and milk_(be)a fast food.,areis,isare,areis,havehas,二、单句改错,1,There are an apple and a cat on the desk._,2,Both Jim and Kelly is listening to the music._,3,Tom with a cat are climbing the tree._,4,This family have a big garden._,5,Neither Kim nor I likes playing football._,likeslike,语法一致原则,1,主语是不可数名词、单数名词或代词时，谓语动词用单,数；主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。如：,He exercises every day.,他每天做运动。,They exercise every day.,他们每天做运动。,2,and,或,both.and.,连接名词或代词作,主语时，谓语动词,通常用复数。如：,He and Jerry are students.,他和杰瑞都是学生。,注意：,(1),当,and,连接的两个,名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用,单数。如：,The writer and singer was invited to the party.,那位作家兼歌手被邀请参加派对。,(2),当,and,连接的名词被,each,eve,ry,或,no,修饰时，谓语动,词用单数。如：,Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.,刚才每位男生和女生都得到了一个苹果。,3,当,主语后面跟有,with,without,together with,along with,except,besides,but,as well as,like,including,等介词短语时，谓,语动词与前面的主语保持一致,(,即“就远原则”,),。如：,Susan with her family works on the farm.,苏珊和她的家人在田里干活。,4,动词不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,To be a pilot is his dream.,成为一名飞行员是他的梦想。,5,由不定代词,either,neither,each,one,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,somebody,anybody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything,等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词,通常用单数。如：,Everybody is here.,所有人都到齐了。,意义一致原则,1,news,以及科目名称,maths,physics,politics,等，本身不表,示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。如：,I think physics is an interesting subject.,我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。,2,trousers,shoes,glasses,pants,等为复数名词，作主语时谓,语动词用复数。但当它们前面有,pair of,kind of,等量词修饰时，,则根据量词的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数,形式。如：,This kind of shoes is new.,这种款式的鞋子是新的。,My new shoes are very beautiful.,我的新鞋很漂亮。,3,表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作,主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。如：,200 miles is a long way to go.,200,英里是很长的一段路。,4,集体名词如,family,class,group,team,等作主语，表示整,体时谓语动词用单数，表示集体中的具体成员时用复数。如：,The class wins the prize.,这个班获得了奖项。,The class are all carefully reading the book.,全班学生都在仔细地读这本书。,5,某些名词如,people(people,指“民族”时除外,),police,等，,形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数,。,如：,The police are running after a thief.,警察们正在追赶一个小偷。,6,“,the,形容词”,(,表示一类人,),和“,the,姓氏的复数形,式”,(,表示夫妇或一家人,),作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：,The old think the young are happier than them.,老人们认为年轻人比他们幸福。,The Smiths like watching TV.,史密斯一家人喜欢看电视。,7,分数、百分比及,some,half of,part of,lots of,the rest of,等后接单数名词或不可,数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接,复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如：,70%of the earth is covered with water.,70%,的地球表面被水覆盖。,60%of the teachers in our school are women.,我们学校,60%,的老师是女,的。,8,“,a number of,复数可数名词”表示“许多,”,，作,主语时，谓语动词用复数；“,the number of,复数可数名词”表,示“,的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,A number of birds are on the island.,岛上有大量的鸟儿。,The number of the cups is 10.,杯子的数量是,10,个。,就近原则,1,在,there be,句型和以,here,开头的句子中，谓语动词与,靠近它的主语保持一致。如：,There is a river and two big trees there.,那边有一条河和两棵大树。,Here is Jim and his parents.,这是吉姆和他的父母。,2,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,or,not.but.,等结构连,接并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保,持一致。如：,Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.,今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。,(,)1.(2014,年广东,)Both Li,Lei and Han Meimei,_ fond of the TV program,A Bite of China,.,I am also deeply moved by its stories!,A,is,B,am,C,was,D,Are,D both.and.,连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,故选,D,。,(,)2.(2014,年广东佛山,)Thanks t,o the organisation,some,money _ given to the poor children.,A,was,B,were,C,Are,A money,是不可数名词，故选,A,。,(,)3.(2014,年广东茂名,)Either T,ed or Bob _ good,enough to be a member of the school team.,A,is,B,are,C,become,A either.or.,结构作主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保,持一致，故选,A,。,(,)4.(,2014,年广东茂名,)_,the parents _,the son is enjoying the film.,A,Both;and,B,Neither;or,C,Not only;but also,C,根据后面的,be,动词,is,可排除,A,项；,B,项形式错误；,not,only.but also.,连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原,则，故选,C,。,(,)5.(2012,年广东深圳,)What do,es the fresh juice,contain?,_of the juice _ orange.Its very pure.,A,Four-fifth;are,C,Four-fifth;is,B,Four-fifths;are,D,Four-fifths;is,D,分数的表示法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子,大于,1,，分母加,-s,，故可以排除,A,、,C,两项；,juice,是不可数名词，,谓语动词用单数形式，故选,D,。,(,)6.(2013,年广东,)David,there _ a dictionary,and some books on your desk.Please put them away.,OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.,A.is,C,has,B,are,D,Have,A there be,句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，,故选,A,。,(,)7.(2014,年广东茂名,)Where _,_ my glasses?I,cant find them.,A.is,B,are,C,was,B glasses,为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。,(,)8.(2014,年广东河源,)The numb,er of teachers in our,school _ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers,in this school _ from the countryside.,A.was;is,C,were;are,B,was;are,D,were;is,B the number of,表示“,的数量”，接名词作主语时，,谓语动词用单数；“,a number of,复数可数名词”表示“许,多,”,，作主语时，谓语动词用,复数。,(,)9.(2014,年广东深圳,)He,tog,ether with his parents,_ going to visit Shanghai in July.How about you?,Im afraid I have to stay at home _.,A.are;on my own,C,is;by my own,B,is;by myself,D,are;on myself,B,主语中含有介词短语,together with,，谓语动词应和它前,面的主语,he,保持一致，故,A,、,D,项错误；,by oneself,on ones,own,独自。故选,B,。,(,)10.(2013,年广东,)Robert wi,th his two kids _ to,the beach for vacation every year.,A.go,C,went,B,goes,D,are going,B,由时间状语,every year,可排除,C,、,D,项；当主语后跟有,with,介词短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。主语,Robert,是第三人称单数,，故谓语动词用单数。,(,)11.(2014,年广东佛山,)I asked f,or some more milk,but,there _ none left.,A.are B,were,C,was,C,none,指代,milk,，是不可数名词，故,there be,句型中的,be,用单数。选,C,。,(,)12.(2014,年广东深圳,)The numb,er of the students in,our class _ fifty-six.,How many of _ are girls?,A.is;them,C,is;they,B,are;them,D,are;they,A the number of,意为“,的数量”，作主语时谓语动词,用单数；,of,是介词，后接代词宾格。故选,A,。,(,)13.(2014,年广东梅州,)_,of the land in that,country _ covered with tree and grass.,A.Two five;is,C,Two five;are,B,Two fifths;are,D,Two fifths;is,D,分数的构成原则是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，,分子大于,1,时，分母加,-s,；分数后面的名词是,land(,陆地,),，是不,可数名词，谓语动词要用单数。故选,D,。,