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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 1,Great scientists,Warming up,What impress you most in 2003?,Which person impress you most during the SARS?,Zhong,Nanshan,(,钟南山,),福建厦门人，出身于医学世家。中国工程院院士，中华医学会会长。中国治疗呼吸系统疾病的领军人物。,Lets have a competition!,Do you know other scientists?,The following is a quiz and lets find out,who knows the most.,1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?,B.Archimedes,C.Thomas Edison,A.Charles Darwin,Archimedes(287212 BC),Archimedes:,Ancient Greek.He was a mathematician.He found that if you put an object into water the water pushes the object up.It rises and partly floats.,Give me a place to stand on,and I can move the earth.,-Archimedes,2.Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?,A.Marie Curie,C.Charles Darwin,B.,Gregor,Mendel,Charlie Darwin(1808-1882),Britain naturalist.,The Origin of Species,was published in 1859.It explained how plants and animals had changed over time to fit in with a changing environment.His book showed that people had developed from apes.,3.Who invent the first steam engine?,A.Thomas,Newcomen,C.,Thomas,Edison,B.Archimedes,British,improved,the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.,(1663-1729),Thomas,Newcomen,4.Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.,A.Thomas Edison,C.Archimedes,B.,Gregor,Mendel,格里哥,孟德尔（奥地利遗传学家,Gregor,MendelCzech(18221884),Gregor,Mendel.The father of genetic.He grew pea plants and developed ideas on,inherited,characteristics.Between 18561863 he grew 28,000 pea plants.He examined seven kinds of seed and plant characteristics and developed some laws of inheritance(,遗传,),.,5.Who discovered radium?,A.Marie Curie,C.Newton,B.Zhang,Heng,(1867-1934)(Polish and French,won two Nobel Prizes),Marie Curie,(1867-1934)was born in Poland,moved to Paris and studied chemistry and physics there.She married Pierre Curie and together they studied radioactive materials and discovered,radium,.,In 1911 she received,the Nobel Prize,in Chemistry.Her death in 1934 was almost certainly due to radiation in her work.,6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?,A.Stephen Hawking,C.Thomas Edison,B.Archimedes,(1847-1931),an American inventor,Thomas Edison(1847-1931),He was already an inventor of other electrical devices(phonograph,electric light bulb)when in 1882 he designed a system for providing New York with electricity from a central power station.This was a tremendous achievement,which had previously been thought impossible.,Thomas Edison,The Inventions of Thomas Edison,Phonograph,funr:f,留声机,Lightbulb,Motion Pictures,电影,7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?,A.,Gregor,Mendel,C.Marie Curie,B.Leonardo,da,Vinci,莱昂纳多,达,芬奇,(1452-1519)Italian artist,Leonardo,da,Vinci(1452-1519),He was a famous Italian artist whose skill for showing human skin tones made his paintings seem to come alive.He used to study dead people in order to make his paintings as accurate as possible.One of his famous paintings includes the“The Last Supper”.,8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?,Sir,Humphry,Davy,C.Faraday,B.Thomas,Newcomen,(1778-1829)British,英国化学家煤矿安全灯发明者汉弗莱,戴维爵士,Sir,Humphry,Davy(17781829),British.He did research into different gases and discovered the medical value of nitrous oxide(laughing gas)as an,anaesthetic,.(,麻醉药,)In 1815 he developed a safety lamp for miners.,9.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?,A.Charles Darwin,C.Watt,B.Zhang,Heng,(78-139)Chinese,invented seismograph,Zhang,Heng,Chinese(78-139),He invented the first seismograph to indicate in the direction of an earthquake.It was in the shape of a cylinder with eight dragonheads round the top,each with a ball in its mouth.Around the bottom were eight frogs directly under a dragons head.When an earthquake occurred,a ball fell out of the dragons mouth,making a noise.,10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?,Stephen Hawking,史蒂芬,霍金（英国著名物理学家）,C.Copernicus,B.Archimedes,(1942-)a British astronomer,Stephen Hawking,British(1942-),He has worked in astronomy and studied black holes in space.He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but,from time to time,throw out matter as well.This may mark the beginning of new galaxies(,银河系,).This is an advance on the old theory which said that black holes“eat”everything they come across.,John Snow,British(1813 1858),a legendary(,传奇的,)figure in the history of public health,epidemiology,epi,di:mildi,（流行病学）,and anesthesiology,（麻醉学）,Do you know how to prove a new idea,in scientific research?,seven stages,发现问题,提出假设,思考方法,收集资料,分析结果,寻找证据,得出结论,THINK,WORK,FIND,Do scientific research,(The process),Find a problem,Make a question,Think of a method,Collect results,Analyse,the results,Find supporting evidence,Draw a conclusion,SOLVE,?,John Snow defeats“King cholera,霍乱王,”,Reading,What is Cholera?,It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.,It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.,And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(,呕吐,)and,diarrhoea,(,腹泻,).,Do you know what was this map used for in 1854?,Task 1:Skim and Scan,Who defeats“King Cholera“?,What happened in 1854?,How many people died in 10 days?,Why is there no death at No.20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No.8 and 9 Cambridge Street?,John Snow,Cholera outbreak hit London.,500,These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.,Task 2,detailed reading,Read and answer:Para.1,John Snow was an,doctor in London who,Queen Victoria as her personal,.He thought about helping ordinary people,to,cholera.Though the cause and the,of it were unknown,he wanted to face,the,and solve the problem.,expert,attended,physician,exposed,cure,challenge,Paragraph 2,make up a question:Which theory to believe in?,idea 1,idea 2,Cholera multiplied in the air without reason.A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.,People absorbed it with their meals,.,John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _.,A.,gathering information with the help of a map,B.,looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street,C.,separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt,D.,both A and B,E.,both A and C,Paragraph 3&4,Paragraph 3&4,What did he do with the results of his,enquiry,?,What valuable,clue,did he get about the cause of the disease?,What might be the cause?,Marked on a map,Many of the deaths,had no deaths.,It seemed that the water,was to,blame,for,cholera.,A map of Broad Street,What method did he use?,Broad Street,Many deaths happened here.,No death happened here.,The water from the pump was to blame.,Public house,Paragraph 5,Why did he tell people to remove the,handle,from the,pump,?,What happened after the handle was removed?,So that,slowed down,Paragraph 6,What s the extra evidence?,Two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.,Paragraph 7,What are John Snows suggestions?,The source of all water supplies should be examined.,New methods of dealing with polluted water should be found.,The water companies were also,instruct,ed not to,expose,people,to,polluted water anymore.,Whats the main idea of the passage?,John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.,The cause of Cholera was polluted water.,The source of all drinking water should be examined.,How did John Snow collect,analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it.,Do you know what was this map used for in 1854?,Finding out the cause of Cholera.,Task 3,Mind Map of the text,Steps:,What/How?,1.Find a problem,2.Make up a question,3.Think of a method,4.collect results,John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”,What causes cholera?,Mark information on a map to find out where people died or did not died,Which theory is correct?,What causes cholera?,Which theory is correct?,What causes cholera?,Which theory is correct?,Mark information on a map to find out where people died or did not died,Gather information on those who were ill or died and where they got their water,What causes cholera?,Which theory is correct?,6.Repeat if necessary,7.Make a conclusion,5.Analyse results,Analyse,the water to see if that is the cause of the illness,Find other evidence to make sure the conclusion,The water is to blame.The source of all drinking water should be examined,.,Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:,John Snow was a well-known _,in London in the _ century.He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it.In 1854 when a cholera _ out,he began to gather information.He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died.So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera.He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found.Finally,“King Cholera”was defeated.,doctor,19,th,cause,defeat,broke,marked,pump,source,examined,dealing,(in 5 minutes),Homework,What should we pay attention to in our daily life to prevent ourselves from getting infected with all these infectious diseases?,Discussion,.Eat cooked food while it is still hot.,.Boil water thoroughly(,完全,)before drinking.,.Wash hands with soap and water before preparing food and eating.,.Avoid eating raw food,especially seafood.,
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