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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Direct/indirect speech and Oxymoron,初级英语与语法与修辞,English Grammar and Rhetoric,Contents,Lead-in,Homework,Looking Ahead,Approaching the Topic,Discovering Grammar,Applying Grammar,Further Development,Paradox,Lead-in,-It is a bitter-sweet memory for me.,-What did she say?,-She said it was a bitter-sweet memory for her.,Which part of the conversation contains the use of an indirect speech and an oxymoron?,引述别人的话一般采取两种形式：,一种是,直接引语,，即原封不动地引用，把它放在引号里；,一种是,间接引语,，即用自己的话加以引述的话不放在括号内。,Looking ahead,Learn to report someones speech directly and indirectly.,Learn to change direct speech into indirect speech.,Learn to use oxymoron to express complicated ideas.,Approaching the Topic,A,ngel,where are you going?,I,m going to the library to borrow a book.,W,ould you like to go with me?,Jim asked Angel_.,Angel said _,and asked Jim _.,where she was going,she was going to the library to borrow a book,whether he would like to go with her,Approaching the Topic,Have you read Harry Potter?,Pardon?,I asked _.,whether you had read Harry Potter,Approaching the Topic,Oh!I have lost my purse!,I beg your pardon?,I said _.,I had lost my purse,Approaching the Topic,What did she say?,Close the door,please!,She asked you _.,to close the door,E,xercises,S,he said she saw the advertisement in the newspaper the day before.,T,hen he asked why she couldnt work under pressure.,H,e asked who had written the application letter for her.,S,he asked the interviewer whether he was going or ask her any serious questions.,I,f your interviewer asks how old you are,you can refuse to answer.,T,he interviewer also should not ask whether you are married or how much money you owe.,you could ask how the question relates to the job.,D,iscovering Grammar,I,mperative,F,irst,the interviewer asked her to be seated.,F,irst,the interviewer said,”Be seated,please”,D,iscovering Grammar,wh,-question,Then he asked why she couldnt work under pressure.,Then he asked,“Why cant you work under pressure?”,he asked who had written the application letter for her.,he asked,“Who has written your application letter?”,D,iscovering Grammar,Yes/no question,She asked the interviewer whether he was going to ask her any serious questions.,She asked the interviewer,“Are you going to ask me any serious questions.”,D,iscovering Grammar,declarative,She said she saw the advertisement in the newspaper the day before.,she said,“I saw the advertisement in the newspaper yesterday.”,Direct Speech,A.TENSES,Indirect Speech,simple present,simple past,present continuous,past continuous,present perfect,past perfect,simple past,past perfect,past continuous,past continuous,past perfect,past perfect,Direct Speech,B.PRONOUNS,Indirect Speech,this,that,that,those,Direct Speech,C.ADVERBS,Indirect Speech,now,today,tonight,this week,yesterday,tomorrow,next week,then,that day,that night,the day before,that week,last week,here,the previous week,the next week,there,the next(following)day,Direct Speech,D.VERBS,Indirect Speech,come,go,改错练习,1 willwould,2 willwould,3 missedhad missed,4 this day,2 indirect speech in different sentence types,1 An indirect speech statement reports what a speaker said,without,using the exact words.,2 Use question words to form indirect,wh,-questions in which the subject also comes before the verb as in,statements.,TIPS,2 indirect speech in different sentence types,3 Direct speech imperatives use the base form of the verb.Indirect speech imperatives use the infinitive to report command,request,invitation and instruction.,4 We use,if,whether,or,whether or not,form the indirect speech of yes/no questions.In indirect yes/no questions,the subject comes before the verb,in the same word as in statements.,改错练习,1 not makenot to make,2 did I likeI like,3 where was his addresswhere his address was,Applying Grammar,to arrive;,that night;,told;,my;,to watch;,told;,there;,explain;,not to;,the next day;,to get,1 Fill in the blanks with the correct words in the brackets,Applying Grammar,1 B,2 B,3 B,4 A,2 Read the weather forecast and decide,between A and B,which might be the original words of the forecaster.,Applying Grammar,She asked,She asked,She said,3 Fill in the blanks to complete the conversations.The first one has been done for you.,who could answer the question then.,whether we agreed with what he had said just now.,class was over and we would have a test the next day.,Applying Grammar,1 Saidtold,2 hashad,3 yourher,4 isntwasnt,5 dontdidnt,6 I had knownshe had known,4 Correct the six mistakes in use of indirect speech.,Further Development,Something someone has just said,E.g.,A:What did you say just now?,B:I said Im tired.(I said I was tired.),In indirect speech the change in verb tense is optional when reporting:,Further Development,General truth or scientific laws.,E.g.,“The earth moves around the sun,”the teacher told us.,-The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.,In indirect speech the change in verb tense is optional when reporting:,Oxymoron,矛盾修饰法,Mike,you are wrong in using“bitter-sweet memory”.,Bob,Im right.Lets go to ask the teacher,.,Oxymoron,矛盾修饰法,把,两个,互相,矛盾,，互相对立的词放在一起，彼此直接发生联系，或是直接的修饰与被修饰的关系，或者说明与被说明的关系，或是限制与被限制的关系。,它们是矛盾的统一体,，如主题图中的,bitter-sweet,就是一个典型的例子。,Study it,矛盾修饰法可有构成方式，下面是主要的几种：,1,）,形容词,+,名词，即一个形容词修饰另一个意义相对或相反的名词，这是最常见的一种,：,True Lies,a living death,painful pleasure,tearful joy,真实的谎言,虽生犹死,悲喜交集,高兴的流泪,Study it,2,）形容词,+,形容词，即用两个意义相对或相反的形容词，修饰同一个名词：,cold pleasant manner,poor rich guys,bad good news,a shabby-gentle man,即冷淡又友好的态度,贫穷的富人,令人沮丧的好消息,衣着寒酸的阔少爷,Study it,3,）副词,+,形容词，即用一个副词修饰另一个意义相对或相反的形容词：,dully bright,falsely true,wastefully thrifty,hard tender,迟钝的聪明,似真似假,浪费的节俭,冷酷的温柔,Study it,4,）名词,+,名词，即意义相对或相反的两个名词用连字符连接，作为一个合成词修饰一个名词：,love-hate relationship,life-death,struggle,又爱又恨的关系,生死搏斗,Study it,5,）其他：,changelessly changing,loving hate,speaking silence,即始终如一，又变化多端,亲亲热热的怨恨,欲说而无言,Practice it,adult children,:,bitter-sweet:,silent scream:,children,who behave like an,adult,a scream,that is,not,by anyone else,a scream,that is,not,by anyone else,heard,Practice it,sweet sorrow:,clever fool:,young adult:,Someone seems to be a,fool,but he is very,clever,in fact.,a feeling mixed with,happiness,and,sadness,an adult,whose mental situation is,young,Practice it,Make sentences,：,He is a clever fool.,Those bitter-sweet experience can never be forgotten.,She thought of him with a sweet sorrow.,There are a lot of adult children now.,Practice it,Appreciate the poem and underline the lines that contain the use of oxymoron.,Come to me in the silence of the night;,Come in the speaking silence of a dream;,Come with soft rounded cheeks and eyes as bright,As sunlight on a stream;,Come back in tears,O memory,hope,love of finished years.,O dream,how sweet,too sweet,too bitter sweet,Whose wakening should have been in Paradise,Homework,1.Write three sentences containing indirect speech introduced by the relative words learned in this unit.,2.Find more cases of Oxymoron.,3.Preview the new terms to be used in Unit 11.,
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