高考英语 重点突破专题复习课件6 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,1,(2010,北京高考,)Good morning.Ive got an appointment,with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.,Ah,，,good morning.You _ be Mrs.Peters.,A,might,B,must,C,would D,can,解析：,此题考查情态动词。第一句说明和史密斯女士有约定，所以秘书判断一定,是,。,must,在此表示推测，意,为,“,一定,”,，符合语境。,答案：,B,2,(2010,浙江高考,)“You _ have a wrong number,，,”,she said,，,“,Theres no one of that name here.”,A,need B,can,C,must D,would,解析：,考查情态动词。从,“,Theres no one of that name here,”,可知,“,你一定弄错号码了,”,。此处表示肯定的推测，故用,must,。,答案：,C,3,(2009,辽宁高考,)The traffic is heavy these,days.I,_,arrive a bit late,，,so could you save me a place?,A,can B,must,C,need D,might,解析：,can,在肯定句中意为,“,能够，有时会,”,，一般不用来表示推测；,must,意为,“,一定，必定,”,；,need,意为,“,需要,”,；,might,意为,“,可能，或许,”,，表示推测。句意：这些天交通很繁忙，我可能会来晚一点，请你帮我保留个位置好吗？故答案选,D,。,答案：,D,4,(2009,安徽高考,)Some people who dont like to talk much,are not necessarily shy,；,they _ just be quiet people.,A,must B,may,C,should D,would,解析：,句意：言语不多的人未必就是害羞。他们或许就是安静的人。,must,肯定是；,may,或许是；,should,应该是；,would,想必是。故选,B,。,答案：,B,5,(2009,全国卷,)What do you mean,，,there are only ten,tickets,？,There _ be twelve.,A,should B,would,C,will D,shall,解析：,句意：你是什么意思，只有十张票？应该有十二张的。故选,A,项。,答案：,A,表示对目前或将来情况的推测往往用,“,情态动词动词原形,”,这种结构。,1,can,用于肯定句中有时可以用来表示推测，意,为,“,有时,会,”,；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为,“,可能,”,，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推,测，,cant,意为,“,不可能,”,，,语气很强烈。,(2008,福建高考,)It is usually warm in my hometown in March,，,but it can be rather cold sometimes.,我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。,Mr.Bush,is on time for,everything.How,can it be that he was late for the meeting?,布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？,The story cant be true.,这个故事不可能是真的。,2,may,用于肯定句中可以用来表示推测，意,为,“,可能,”,；,用于否定句中也可以表示推测，,may not,意为,“,可能,不,”,，表示一种不太确定的语气。,may,在疑问句中不,能表示推测。,Peter may come with us tonight,，,but he isnt sure yet.,彼得今晚可能和我们一起来，但他还没确定。,3,must,表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意,为,“,一定，必,定,”,，表示十分肯定的语气,(,在疑问句中或否定句中要用,can),。,He must be,ill.He,looks so pale.,他准是病了，他的脸色苍白。,(2009,湖南高考,)Its the office,！,So you must know eating is not allowed here.,这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。,Oh,，,sorry.,噢，对不起。,4,should,用来表示推测时意,为,“,应该,”,，,即含有,“,按道,理来说应当如此,”,的意思。,There shouldnt be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.,因为你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么,困难。,5,表示对现在正在发生的事情进行推测要用,“,情态动词,be,现在分词,”,这种结构。这种结构在高考题中出现的次数不太多，但也提醒考生注意。,My mother must be watering the flowers in the garden now.,现在我母亲一定正在花园里浇花。,The students may be climbing the mountain at the moment.,此刻学生们有可能正在爬山。,1,(2010,全国卷,)Just be patient.You _ expect the,world to change so soon.,A,cant B,neednt,C,may not D,will not,解析：,考查情态动词辨析。句意：耐心点儿。你不能指望世界立刻发生变化。,cant,表示,“,不能,”,；,neednt,“,不必,”,；,may not,表示,“,不可能,”,；,will not,表示,“,不会,”,。只有,A,符合句意。,答案：,A,2,(2010,江苏高考,)I havent got the reference book yet,，,but Ill have a test on the subject next month.,Dont worry.You _ have it by Friday.,A,could B,shall,C,must D,may,解析：,考查情态动词。此处,shall,用于第二人称表示说话人的许诺。,答案：,B,3,(2010,陕西高考,)May I take this book out of the reading,room?,No,，,you _.You read it in here.,A,mightnt B,wont,C,neednt D,mustnt,解析：,此题考查情态动词。句意：,“,我可以把书拿出阅览室吗,？,”“,不，决不可以，你在这儿读。,”,对,“,May.,？,”,的否定回答常用,mustnt,或,cant,。,答案：,D,4,(2010,江西高考,)I have told you the truth._ I,keep repeating it?,A,Must B,Can,C,May D,Will,解析：,考查情态动词。由句子语境可知，此处表示说话者的不耐烦。故选,A,项。,must,偏要，硬要，非要，表示不愿意发生或不耐烦。,答案：,A,5,(2010,湖南高考,)You _ buy a gift,，,but you can if,you want to.,A,must B,mustnt,C,have to D,dont have to,解析：,考查情态动词。根据,but,后面的叙述可知,D,项正确。,dont have to,意为,“,不必,”,，符合语意。,答案：,D,1,can,和,could,的用法,(1),表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。,How could you do such a silly thing?,你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？,(2)cannot.too/enough,表示,“,无论,也不过分,”,；,“,越,越好,”,。,You cant be too careful while driving.,开车时越小心越好。,2,may,和,might,的用法,(1)may,和,might,表示,“,许可,”,，,“,可能性,”,，,“,祝愿,”,等,意义。,在给予别人许可时，常用,can,，但有时也用,may,。不能,用,might,。,May I play basketball this afternoon?,今天下午我可以打篮球吗？,No,，,you may not.,不，不行。,“,may as well,动词原形,”,意为,“,最好，满可以，倒不如,”,。,You may as well do it at once.,你最好马上就做这件事。,We may as well stay where we are.,我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。,(2)may,作,“,可以,”,讲时，其否定式常,用,“,mustnt,”,表示,“,禁止,”,；,must,作,“,必须,”,讲,时，其否定式是,“,neednt,”,，表示,“,不必,”,。,May I use your car?,No,，,you mustnt.(,委婉的拒绝可用：,Sorry,，,but I am using it now.,或,Youd better not.,等,),Must I work out the problem tonight?,No,，,you neednt.,3,must,(1),表示禁止,(,用于否定句,),You must not speak ill of others.,你一定不要说别人的坏话。,Smoking must not be allowed in the office.,严禁在办公室吸烟。,(2),表示,“,偏执,”,，,“,固执,”,Must you make so much noise?,你非得弄出这么大声吗？,If you must smoke,，,please go out.,如果你偏要吸烟，那你就出去吧。,4,shall,的用法,(1),用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对,方的意见和向对方请示。,Shall we begin our class,？我们可以开始上课吗？,Shall the driver wait outside,？司机在外边等着可以吗？,(2),用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的,命令、警告、允诺或威胁。,I promised he shall get a present for his birthday.,我许诺给他一件生日礼物。,You shall not get my support if you do such a thing.,假如你做那种事，我就不支持你。,5,will,和,would,的用法,作情态动词的,will,，,would,与作助动词的,will,，,would,的各种形式相同。,(1),表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。,would,用于过去的情况。,(2008,北京高考,)John promised his doctor he would not smoke,，,and he has never smoked ever since.,约翰答应他的医生不再吸烟了，自从那时起他就再也不吸烟了。,I have told him again and again to stop smoking,，,but he will not listen.,我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。,(2)will,可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有,“,总是,”,或,“,总要,”,之意,。,Every morning he will have a walk along this river.,每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。,(3)would,可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比,used to,正式，但,没有,“,现已无此习惯,”,的,含义。,Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class.,去年我们的英语老师常常课后给我们讲英语故事。,1,(2010,山东高考,)I _ have watched that movieitll,give me horrible dreams.,A,shouldnt B,neednt,C,couldnt D,mustnt,解析：,考查情态动词。句意：我本不应该看那部电影,它会令我做噩梦。,shouldnt have done,sth,.,本不该做某事却做了。,neednt have done,sth,.,本不需要做某事却做了。,couldnt have done,sth,.,不可能做过某事。,答案：,A,2,(2010,天津高考,)Mark _ have hurried.After,driving at top speed,，,he arrived half an hour early.,A,neednt B,wouldnt,C,mustnt D,couldnt,解析：,本题考查情态动词。从句子语境可知，,Mark,做了本没必要做的事，应用,neednt have done,，故选,A,项。其他几个选项都不能表达此意。,答案：,A,3,(2010,上海高考,)Sorry,，,Professor,Smith.I,didnt finish the,assignment yesterday.,Oh,，,you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.,A,must B,mustnt,C,should D,shouldnt,解析：,考查情态动词。句意：,“,对,不起，史密斯教授，昨天我没有完成作业,。,”“,你本应该完成的，因为昨天是最后的期限。,”,四个选项中,B,项不能与,have done,连用，故排除；,must have done,意为,“,肯定做了,”,，表推测，说明说话人对所推测的事情把握较大；,should have done,本应该做,(,实际上没做,),；,shouldnt have done,本不应该,做,(,实际上做了,),。由语境可知,C,项正确。,答案：,C,4,(2010,安徽高考,)Jack described his father,，,who _,a brave boy many years ago,，,as a,strongwilled,man.,A,would be B,would have been,C,must be D,must have been,解析：,由句子语境可知，此处是对过去事实的推测，所以用,must have done,。,答案：,D,5,(2009,江苏高考,)He did not regret saying what he did but,felt that,he_it,differently.,A,could express B,would express,C,could have expressed D,must have expressed,解析：,考查情态动词的用法。根据句意可知他觉得本来能够用别的方式表达的,(,却没有那样做,),。显然是对过去的事表示遗憾，因此应该使用,could have done,，表示本来可以做却未做。,答案：,C,表示对过去发生的情况或存在的状态的推测常用,“,情态动词,have,过去分词,”,这种结构。,1,can/could have done,表示,“,本来可以做，而实际上未,做,”,或者,“,过去可能,”,，,疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中,cant have done,多用于语气强烈的否定，意,为,“,不可能,做,过,”,。,Do you know where David is,？,I couldnt find him anywhere.,你知道大卫在哪里吗？我到处找不到他。,Well.He,cant have gone far his coats still here.,大卫的上衣还在这里，因此他肯定没走远。,The accident could have been avoided.,这场事故本来是可以避免的。,2,may/might have done,表示对过去行为的推测，意为,“,可能做过,”,。,might,所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。此外,might have done,可表示,“,本可能做而实际上未做,”,。,Sorry,，,Im,late.I,might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.,对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。,3,must have done,表示对过去行为的推测，意,为,“,一定，,想必,”,，语气十分肯定。,He must have completed his work,；,otherwise,，,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.,他一定是已经完成工作了，否则他不会在海边玩得那么高兴了。,4,should have done,表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却,没有做；,shouldnt have done,表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。,Im not feeling well in the,stomach.I,shouldnt have eaten,so much fried chicken just now.,我现在觉得肚子疼，我刚才真不应该吃那么多的炸鸡的。,5,ought to have done,表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却,没有做；,ought not to have done,表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法与,should,相同，也往往含有责备的意味。,You ought to have come to the party yesterday,，,but why didnt you come?,昨天你本来应该参加聚会的，可是你为什么不来？,6,neednt have done,表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。,Catherine,，,I have cleaned the room for you.,Catherine,，我已替你打扫了房间。,Thanks.You,neednt have done,it.I,could manage it myself.,谢谢。你本来不必做，我自己可以做的。,1,(2010,天津高考,)John went to the hospital alone.,If he _ me about it,，,I would have gone with him.,A,should tell B,tells,C,told D,had told,解析：,此题考查虚拟语气。在虚拟条件句中，如果表达与过去事实不符的情况，,if,从句的谓语应使用,“,had,过去分词,”,的结构。故选,D,项。,答案：,D,2,(2010,北京高考,)The weather has been very hot and dry.,Yes.If it had rained even a drop,，,things would be much better now!And my vegetables _.,A,wouldnt die B,didnt die,C,hadnt died D,wouldnt have died,解析：,此题考查虚拟语气。答句句意：是啊。如果下了一点雨的话，现在的情况会好些，并且我种的蔬菜也不会死了。表示对过去情况的假设，从句谓语动词用“,had done”,，主句谓语动词用“,would/could/should have done”,。,答案：,D,3,(2010,陕西高考,)If we _ the other road,，,we,might have arrived here in time for the meeting.,A,take B,had taken,C,took D,have taken,解析：,此题考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我们走其他的路，我们有可能及时到达这儿参加会议。根据句意可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，故选,B,。,答案：,B,4,(2010,福建高考,)Teachers recommend parents _,their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.,A,not allow B,do not allow,C,mustnt allow D,couldnt allow,解析：,考查虚拟语气。,recommend,后跟宾语从句应用虚拟语气，其结构为,(should),动词原形，这里省略了,should,，故,A,正确。,答案：,A,5,(2010,浙江高考,)Had I known about this computer program,，,a huge amount of time and energy _.,A,would have been saved,B,had been saved,C,will be saved,D,was saved,解析：,考查虚拟语气。从前面,had I known about.,知，此处是,if,条件句对过去情况的虚拟，所以主句用,should/would/could/might,have done,结构，故排除,B,、,C,、,D,项，选,A,项。,答案：,A,一、非真实条件句的虚拟语气,情况,从句的,动词,主句的,动词,例句,与现在事实相反,动词的过去式,(be,动词一律用,were),would,/could/,should/might,动词原形,If I had time,，,I would attend your party.,如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。,If I saw him now,，,I would be very happy.,如果我现在见到他，我会很高兴的。,情况,从句的动词,主句的,动词,例句,与过去事实相反,had,过去分词,would,/could/,should/might,have,过去分词,You didnt let me,drive.If,we had driven in turn,，,you wouldnt have got so tired.,你当时不让我开车。如果我们轮流开，你就不会觉得那么累了。,情况,从句的,动词,主句的,动词,例句,与将来事实相反,动词的过去式；,should,动词原形；,were to,动词原形,would,/could/,might/should,动词原形,If it snowed,/were to snow/,should snow tomorrow,，,we would take photos.,如果明天下雪，我们就照相。,注意,1,若条件句中有,were,，,had,，,should,，可把,if,省略，而把,were,，,had,，,should,放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。,Had you taken my advice,，,you wouldnt have failed in the examination.,如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。,2,有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。,If you had worked hard,，,you would be very tired now.,如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。,(,从句指过去，主句指现在,),3,有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。,Without electricity(,If there were no electricity),，,life would be quite different today.,如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。,But for your,help(If,it hadnt been for your help),，,I couldnt have finished it.,要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。,I was busy that,day.Otherwise,I would have gone there with,them.(If,I hadnt been busy that day,，,I would have gone there with them.),我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。,二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气,1,在名词性从句中，常用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等,的词后宾语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气，形式为：,(should),动词原形。常这样用的动词有：,advise,劝告，,demand,要求，,desire,渴望，,command,命令，,insist,坚决要求，,prefer,宁愿，,urge,主张，,order,命令，,recommend,劝告，建议，,request,要求，,require,要求，,suggest,建议，以及这些词的名词形式。,Janes pale face suggested that she was ill,，,and her parents suggested that she(should)have a medical examination.,简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医学检查。,2,wish,后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。,表示对现在情况的虚拟：,wish,主语动词过去式或,were,表示对过去情况的虚拟：,wish,主语,had,过去分词,表示对将来情况的虚拟：,wish,主语,would,动词原形,I wish she were here.,她在这儿就好了。,I wish you would go with us tomorrow.,但愿你明天跟我们一块去。,I wish she had taken my advice.,那时她要是听我的话就好了。,三、其他句型中的虚拟语气,1,would rather,句型中的虚拟语气表示愿望，意,为,“,宁愿，,但愿,”,。,Id rather we didnt go to see a film this evening.,我倒希望我们今晚不去看电影。,2,It is(high/about)time(that),.,句型中的虚拟语气,在句型,“,It is(high/about)time.,”,后面也可跟虚拟语气，从句中常用过去式。有时也用,“,should,动词原形,”,，,意,为,“,该是,的时候了,”,。,It is,time(that,)we went home.,我们该回家了。,3,if only,引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气,在,“,if only,”,引导的感叹句中，要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望。用过去时或,“,would/could/might,动词原形,”,表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。,If only I had not been ill last week!,要是上周我没病该多好啊！,4,as if,从句中的虚拟语气,as if,从句中，看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气。,It looks as if its going to rain.,天看上去似乎要下雨。,The kid talks as if he were a grownup.,这孩子说起话来像个成年人似的。,单击此图片进入,“,专题训练,”,